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Topic: Octal base

	Octal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Octal is sometimes used in computing instead of hexadecimal.
		Octal is sometimes used in computing instead of hexadecimal, perhaps most often in modern times in conjunction with file permissions under Unix systems (see chmod).
		Octal is converted to binary and then to hexadecimal, grouping digits 4 by 4, which correspond each to an hexadecimal digit.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Octal (780 words)

	Several calculators rolled up into one: AddUp!
		To explicitly ask for octal output, start an expression with a prefix similar to what is used in front of octal numbers: use '8 at the start of the line.
		The expression to evaluate could either contain all octal numbers or a mixture of numbers in various numeric bases, but the result will be presented in the number base that the line prefix specifies.
		To show a result in another number base, start an expression with a prefix similar to what is used in front of numbers: start the line with a single quote and then the number of the base.
	www.angelfire.com /un/calculators (3713 words)

	Understanding Binary, Hex, and other Base Systems - Cprogramming.com
		So to convert a number from a given base into base 10, all we need to do is treat each place as a power of the given base times the value of the digit in that place.
		Traditionally, octal numbers are written with a leading 0; for instance, 020 is the same thing as the number 20 in base 8.
		To convert from octal to hexadecimal, all you need to do is group the binary digits into pairs of three and convert each one into the corresponding octal number.
	cprogramming.com /tutorial/base_systems.html (821 words)

	CONVERSION WEB PAGE
		By using simple division by 8 (octal base 8), we derive the decimal base 10 equivalent from the remainders of the divison.
		Becaues Octal is base 8, it begins to devert from the decimal pattern after 7 (i.e., 10, 11,...17, 20, 21, 22,...).
		Based on those, it is easy to understand that hexadecimal number is a number written in base 16.
	home1.gte.net /~vze25zc8/other_links/Conversion.htm (2579 words)

	EIN4611C Chapter 6
		Based on our discussions of logic devices, we have some idea of what types of logical operations can be performed and how digital devices can be con structed to perform such operations.
		Divide the decimal number by 2 (the binary base) and record the remainder as the LSB of the binary equivalent.
		Subtract the highest possible power of two (the binary base) from the decimal number and place a 1 in the appropriate weighting position, repeat until the decimal number is reduced to zero.
	www.eng.fsu.edu /~owusu/ch6.htm (1742 words)

	Cpsc 355 PreStudy Part 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		197.561(10) --> base 10 (decimal) --> base 5, 1242.240030303...
		Converting from a nondecimal base to another nondecimal base should be done through decimal as an intermediate base to avoid the necessity of performing arithmetic in a nondecimal base, with one exception.
		When BOTH bases are a power of two (e.g., 8 and 16, or 4 and 32, etc.) the intermediate base that is more convenient to use is binary.
	pages.cpsc.ucalgary.ca /~dsb/Numbers.html (3340 words)

	What is Octal? Eight Base-8 Numbering System 8 Digit Format (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		By contrast, decimal format is the easiest format for humans to read because it is the one we use in everyday life, but translating between decimal and binary formats is relatively difficult.
		In octal format, each digit represents three binary digits.
		For example, the octal number 3456 is 011 100 101 110 in binary.
	bugclub.org /beginners/math/octal.html (119 words)

	The Octal Number System (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Hexadecimal is most often used as a shorthand for binary numbers, but octal is sometimes used as a shorthand for binary as well.
		In any base system, the next column value to the left can be found by multiplying the current column value by the base number.
		Determining the octal value of a binary number simply requires converting every three binary digits or bits to a single octal digit.
	web.fccj.edu.cob-web.org:8888 /~wdennis/base/octal.htm (789 words)

	Converting Between Integer Representations -- Technical Notes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Octal (Base 8): 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
		Decimal (Base 10): 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
		A binary, a hexadecimal or an octal number can be expressed as the sum of the successive powers of the base (either 2, 16, or 8, respectively), with the coefficients being the digits.
	www.evergreen.edu /biophysics/technotes/program/int_conv.htm (463 words)

	Converting Bases
		Hexadecimal (base 16) (numbers: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E and F) as well.
		Note that octal numbers are used so often by computer scientist that we have a special short hand for them, if the number begins with a zero, then in the computer likely it is an octal number.
		Start with the number written in some base that you which to convert to decimal.
	www.users.csbsju.edu /~clusena/note_bits/converting_bases.html (603 words)

	Free2Code - articles - Number Systems
		This again is the same as decimal to bin and decimal to hex, we just repeatedly divide the decimal value by octal's base number (8) and collect the remainders in reverse order.
		Octal: 561 5 = 101 6 = 110 1 = 001 binary: 101110001
		Binary = 10100111011 010 - 100 - 111 - 011 2 4 7 3 octal: 2473
	www.free2code.net /plugins/articles/read.php?id=89 (1708 words)

	Number Systems
		When performing these conversion, it becomes important for students to indicate the base that the number is written in, as it will become very easy to confuse how the number is being represented.
		To convert from decimal to any other base, you can consecutively divide the decimal number by the powers of the base you are converting to, starting with the largest power that evenly divides the decimal number and continuing until you divide by 1 (power of zero).
		When converting binary to octal, we can group the binary number into groups of three digits starting from the right, and convert each group of three digits to one octal digit.
	educ.queensu.ca /~compsci/units/encoding/numsys.html (1335 words)

	Aero Bases 1.0.1: Plug-In for FileMaker Pro -- Users Guide
		The functions provided by Aero Bases are called using FileMaker Pro's "External" function with the first parameter being "Base-" followed by the name of the function.
		Before Aero Bases may be used, it must be moved to the "FileMaker Extensions" folder (Macintosh) or the "SYSTEM" folder located in the FileMaker Pro folder (Windows).
		Aero Bases should then be enabled, and it's functions should appear in the list shown when "External Functions" is selected from the list at the upper-right hand corner of the calculation dialog.
	fm.geckotribe.com /plug_ins/aero_bases_guide.html (1434 words)

	[No title]
		Conversions between bases: As a tip, when converting between decimal and octal or hex, always try to do the conversions first to binary then to either octal or hex.
		Binary to Octal / Octal to Binary: Group the bits in groups of three, since octal is base eight and 2 raised to the power of 3 is equal to eight.
		Use these three bits to find the octal value: Binary Octal 000 0 001 1 010 2 011 3 100 4 101 5 110 6 111 7 You should also notice that converting from octal to Binary is merely reversing the process.
	sern.ucalgary.ca /~tamj/231review/midterm/conversions.doc (1303 words)

	Bi-Octal Glyphs
		Base twenty was used by the Mayans, although that (very advanced btw) numbering system seems to have faded soon after the Spanish introduced shoes (or was it smallpox?).
		Base ten is acceptable, much like the Roman alphabet in English, as long as only humans are involved (which why it has been accepted for so long).
		Base 8 (octal) was fairly popular for a while (17110676), but base 16 seems to be what we've settled on.
	www.debreuil.com /glyphs (7496 words)

	Number Systems
		To convert to base 10 from bases 2, 8, and 16 use the remainder method.
		Octal number system positional value is a power of the base 8.
		To convert to base 10 from bases 2, 8, and 16 use expanded notation using the appropriate positional values for the base you are converting from.
	www.bucks.edu /~cornelld/numbersystem.htm (486 words)

	Introduction to Octal Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Of course, if you already have an understanding of Binary, reading my Introduction is not necessary, and the format of this Introduction (to Octal) should be enough, by itself, to enable one to learn Octal.
		Octal uses 8 digits (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) and can be called 'Base 8' because of this.
		When the Decimal system runs out of digits (that is, when it needs a number after 9) it adds one to all of the digits to the left and resets the 9 to a 0.
	strivinglife.net /jamesrskemp/jms2introoctalpage.htm (907 words)

	Octal number system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The base, or radix, is indicated by the subscript 8.
		The addition of octal numbers is not difficult provided you remember that anytime the sum of two digits exceeds 7, a carry is produced.
		The octal addition table in table 1-4 will be of benefit to you until you are accustomed to adding octal numbers.
	www.tpub.com /neets/book13/53e.htm (584 words)

	Nondecimal-numbers - The GNU Awk User's Guide
		Many other programming languages allow you to specify numbers in other bases, often octal (base 8) and hexadecimal (base 16).
		Being able to use octal and hexadecimal constants in your programs is most useful when working with data that cannot be represented conveniently as characters or as regular numbers, such as binary data of various sorts.
		Most of the time, you will want to use octal or hexadecimal constants when working with the built-in bit manipulation functions; see Bitwise Functions, for more information.
	www.gnu.org /software/gawk/manual/html_node/Nondecimal_002dnumbers.html (389 words)

	Atrevida Tutorial 1: Introduction to Binary and Hexadecimal
		But if you were reading a technical document using both octal and decimal numbers, it would be impossible to tell, if no clues were provided, which base the number is in (35 could be an octal number because both digits, 3 and 5, are within the octal alphabet).
		I have also seen a subscripted "8" written to the left or the right of a number in octal; I personally don't use this format because it can't be written easily on a computer, and on paper it is easy to write subscripts sloppily and have the numbers run together.
		Decimal Octal Binary ------------------------------------------------ 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 10 3 3 11 4 4 100 5 5 101 6 6 110 7 7 111 8 10 1000 9 11 1001 10 12 1010 11 13 1011 12 14 1100 13 15 1101 14 16 1110 15 17 1111 16 20 10000
	atrevida.comprenica.com /atrtut01.html (4065 words)

	Other number bases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In addition to decimal (base 10) and hexadecimal (base 16), values can be expressed in any other base.
		Common bases used in computing include binary (base 2) and octal (base 8).
		The octal number 11 is one set of eight plus one, which is nine.
	www.scism.sbu.ac.uk /jfl/otherbits/hexdemo2.html (251 words)

	Spamhunter's Resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Allowable numbers in the Octal (base-8) system are: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.
		The number 8 (base-10) would be represented as a "10" in octal since an "8" is not allowed.
		A value of 0203 would be a valid octal number since it starts with a leading zero (which implies octal) and consists of digits less than 8.
	www.spamblocked.com /strads/spamcode/octal.html (353 words)

	Number Bases: Introduction / Binary Numbers
		Converting between different bases is actually fairly simple, but the thinking behind it can seem a bit confusing at first.
		The only reason base-ten math seems "natural" and the other bases don't is that you've been doing base-ten since you were a child.
		When you study this topic in class, you will probably be expected to convert numbers to various other bases, so let's looks at a few more examples.
	www.purplemath.com /modules/numbbase.htm (645 words)

	Computer Arithmetic - Base Conversions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Since each octal digit can be expressed in exactly three binary digits, all we have to do is convert each octal digit to three binary digits.
		And since it is so easy to convert between binary and octal, octal is a favored number system for programmers.
		These days, octal tends to be used by programmers who come from a mini-computer background or who work with unicode.
	www.hal-pc.org /~clyndes/computer-arithmetic/converting.html (389 words)

	rama math solutions
		The Binary base system is the same as above, in Base ten, in that the first digit to the left of the Base point is UNITS.
		In BINARY or BASE 2, it is ONE.
		OCTAL and HEXADECIMAL systems are also used because they are easier than Binary to work with.
	www.gameboomers.com /wtcheats/pcRr/ramamath.html (872 words)

	Base Conversion and Counting
		With groups of three, shown in blue, each group can be interpreted directly to an octal digit (base 8) without any arithmetic computation for the conversion.
		Conversion from binary to decimal using decimal arithmetic is accomplished by simply summing the powers of 2 corresponding to 1s in the binary number.
		Conversion between binary and bases which are powers of 2(such as octal or hexadecimal) requires no arithmetic computation.
	www.ee.scu.edu /classes/1999fall/elen21/supp/baseconv.htm (621 words)

	Dark Logic: Understanding Binary, Hexadecimal and Octal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		arbitrary that we wound up using a base 10 number system, but it probably has something to do with the fact that we have 10 fingers.
		octal has faded in popularity of late, hexadecimal is still widely used.
		And 10 (our base, remember?) to the first power is equal to 10.
	www.dark-logic.com /pgm/binary.html (1073 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		It supports arithmetic in any radix from 2 to 36, octal escape sequences (those appear to be an unavoidable standard), and a hexadecimal, but no octal, representation for strings and bitmaps.
		The instruction format of the pdp11 is based on three bit fields, for example, every pdp11 hacker's favourite opcode is: 014747 where the 01 decodes as a MOV instruction, the first 47 is the source, the second the destination.
		Both octal and hex were used already in the 50's, octal in all the binary IBM machines (701, 704, 709/90/94, 7040/44) with 36 bits word length, hex in various one-of-a-kind machines with 40 bits word length.
	www.dorje.com /netstuff/folklore/octal (2860 words)

	Octal Number System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Once the binary number is converted to the octal format, the weight of each column is as follows: 1's, 8's, 64's and so forth as multiples of 8..
		The number 123 in Octal is 1x64=64 + 2x8=16 + 3x1=1 or 81 decimal or base 10.
		Below are two tables, the first shows the octal conversion of 3 bit binary numbers and the second shows examples of octal equivalents of decimal numbers.
	home.comcast.net /~teachcte/comp-rel/general/octal1.htm (149 words)

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