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Topic: Odontoblast

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	Antibody Review - Odontoblast Markers
		An odontoblast is a biological cell of neural crest origin that is part of the outer surface of the dental pulp, and whose biological function is dentinogenesis, which is the creation of dentin, the substance under the tooth enamel.
		In odontoblasts, however, the steady state level of collagen type 1 mRNA was higher in the older coronal odontoblasts.
		a keratan sulfate-containing proteoglycan, belonging to the small leucine-rich proteoglycan (SLRP) family, is highly expressed during early crown formation in the entire odontoblast cell layer, in the area of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath, in the cells of the newly formed mantle dentin, and in the odontoblasts at the fissures.
	www.antibodybeyond.com /reviews/cell-markers/odontoblast-marker.htm (707 words)

	Dentinogenesis at AllExperts
		Dentinogenesis is performed by odontoblasts, which are a special type of biological cells on the ouside of dental pulps, and it begins at the late bell stage of a developing tooth.
		The odontoblasts begin to move toward the center of the tooth, forming an extension called the odontoblast process.
		Additionally, the larger odontoblasts cause collagen to be secreted in smaller amounts, which results in more tightly arranged, heterogenous nucleation that is used for mineralization.
	en.allexperts.com /e/d/de/dentinogenesis.htm (521 words)

	23. Tooth and Gingiva
		Between mature (calcified) dentin and the layer of odontoblasts there is invariably a thin zone known as predentin.
		Within the confines of the odontoblast layer the pulp cavity is filled with a loose, highly cellular connective tissue.
		The tissues have shrunk considerably during fixation so scan around to find individual areas where the dentin and enamel remain attached (illustration), where the odontoblasts are in contact with the dentin they have produced (illustration), and where the ameloblasts are attached to their enamel surface (illustration).
	neuromedia.neurobio.ucla.edu /campbell/toothandgingiva/wp.htm (2420 words)

	Showcase
		Odontoblasts are the dentin-producing cells of the pulp-dentin complex, occupying a strategic anatomical position for detecting antigens.
		HBD1 and hBD3 were not detected in the pulps or the odontoblasts, with the exception of 1 PMA challenged sample testing positive for hBD3.
		Conclusions: Odontoblasts are capable of producing hBD2 in response to challenge by Gram-negative bacterial LPS and Gram-positive bacterial LTA at physiologic concentrations in vitro.
	ora.ra.cwru.edu /showcase2004/showcasedetail2004.asp?type=post&id=655 (247 words)

	Comprehensive Center for Inflammatory Disorders
		The odontoblast is a unique cell type which is responsible for the elaboration of the organic matrix of dentin.
		.A full characterization of the human odontoblast, however, is lacking., The overall aim of this proposal is to develop a model whereby odontoblast- specific transcripts may be identified for both quiescent and stimulated odontoblasts.
		Confirmed odontoblast specific transcripts will be used as probes to screen human genomic libraries for the complete gene sequence of selected clones to study gene processing and regulation and thereby describe the role ofgenetic regulation in reparative dentinogenesis.
	ccid.unc.edu /currentresearch/levin_abstract1.htm (242 words)

	Gene expression in tooth: references (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		To increase understanding of the roles played by these molecules during tooth development, we determined the temporospatial expression of activin-beta A subunit and follistatin messenger RNA and their corresponding proteins in developing murine molars (between day E 14 and 2 days after birth).
		The effects of recombinant human activin A and its binding protein follistatin on odontoblast differentiation were also studied in cultures of dental papillae (DP) isolated from the mandibular first molars of E-17-day mice.
		In situ hybridization indicated that transcripts for activin-beta A subunit were abundant in pre-odontoblasts at the tips of forming cusps prior to odontoblast terminal differentiation, and transcripts for follistatin in overlying inner enamel epithelial cells (pre-ameloblasts).
	bite-it.helsinki.fi /REF151.HTM (257 words)

	Dentinogenesis
		The odontoblastic process fills the lumen of the dentin tubule and it is composed of a main trunk, with a diameter of 0.5 to 1 m, and lateral branches.
		The unmineralized zone between the odontoblasts and mineralized dentin is called predentin Young odontoblasts are secretorily active and produce predentin at a faster rate than the older cells.
		Tertiary dentin (reactionary or reparative or irregular secondary dentin) is the outcome of odontoblastic response to irritation occuring mainly during secondary dentinogenesis and is caused by dental abrasion, attrition, cavity preparation, erosion or dental caries (Torneck 1994).
	herkules.oulu.fi /isbn9514270355/html/i259726.html (1069 words)

	2005 Pulp Biology Research Award
		He has characterized the replacement population of odontoblasts involved in the formation of reparative dentin and developed a novel culture system to study the responses of these cells to various growth factors in vitro.
		He kept in mind that odontoblasts could have a putative role in the transduction of signals during dentin sensitivity, and he was the first researcher identifying and characterizing the mechanosensitivity of potassium ion channels of human odontoblasts (KCa and TREK-1).
		Finally, revisiting the odontoblast morphology, he described the presence of a primary cilium in odontoblasts, leading to hypothesize that this structure could be involved in signal transduction.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-03/iaa-2pb030205.php (453 words)

	CELLS AND EXTRACELLULAR MATRICES OF DENTIN AND PULP: A BIOLOGICAL BASIS FOR REPAIR AND TISSUE ENGINEERING -- Goldberg ...
		Odontoblasts are derived from the dorsal cranial neural crest
		A quantitative light microscopic study of the odontoblast and subodontoblastic reactions to active and arrested enamel caries with cavitation.
		The influence of fluoride on the uptake of radiosulphate by incisor odontoblasts in vitro.
	crobm.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/15/1/13 (8527 words)

	Bioline International Official Site (site up-dated regularly)
		Dentine forms the bulk of the tooth and is perforated by tubules that extend from the pulp to the enamel-dentine or cement-dentine junction.
		The pressure applied across the crown segment in these experiments was high (non- physiological) and a lot of faith was placed in the integrity of the odontoblasts and pulp despite lack of chemical fixation or control of their vitality.
		The understanding of the importance morphological role of the odontoblasts and its processes within the dentinal tubules and the tubules physiological characteristics is a structural linked asset to dentine fluid flow and its permeability.
	www.bioline.org.br /request?mj03004 (6247 words)

	Identification of Differentially Expressed genes from an Odontoblast Cell Line
		A suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) was performed using odontoblast cDNA as "driver" and osteoblast cDNA as "tester".
		2 previous known odontoblast specific genes were identified as positive clones: dentin sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein 2.
		Further, in situ hybridization results demonstrated that p3-12G mRNA was localized in fully differentiated odontoblast and ameloblast cells, and low expression level was seen in the osteoblasts of the rat developing head.
	iadr.confex.com /iadr/2004Hawaii/techprogram/abstract_41053.htm (327 words)

	Nestin Expression in Embryonic and Adult Human Teeth under Normal and Pathological Conditions -- About et al. 157 (1): ...
		Note that gradient of nestin staining in odontoblasts follows their differentiation gradient: the staining is localized at the cusp region.
		A staining gradient was observed in the odontoblasts from the cervical
		F: Nestin is observed in odontoblast bodies facing the carious irritation and cells in the proximity of the dilated blood vessels (asterisks).
	ajp.amjpathol.org /cgi/content/full/157/1/287 (4928 words)

	{alpha}v{beta}3 Integrin Expression in Human Odontoblasts and Co-localization with Osteoadherin -- Lucchini et al. 83 ...
		vß3 integrin and osteoadherin in odontoblasts differentiated in vitro.
		vß3 staining was detected on the membrane of odontoblast cell bodies at the level of contact zones and intercellular junctions (arrows).
		Odontoblast differentiation of human dental pulp cells in vitro.
	jdr.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/83/7/552 (2589 words)

	Lipoteichoic Acid Increases TLR and Functional Chemokine Expression while Reducing Dentin Formation in In Vitro ...
		1 was sharply down-regulated in odontoblasts by LTA.
		Migration assay of iDCss in the presence of LTA-activated odontoblast supernatants.
		At day 7, their response to supernatants from odontoblasts treated or not with LTA was determined by migration assays in Transwell chambers.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/176/5/2880 (4847 words)

	ANNE GEORGE
		the odontoblasts secrete a structural matrix that defines the shape of the tissue and provides the space for the ordered, oriented nucleation of the mineral crystals.
		The data showed that collagen and phosphophoryn are synthesized in separate regions of the endoplasmic reticulum and are packed in different secretory vesicles.
		The secretory vesicles containing phosphophoryn move through the odontoblast process and are released at the mineralization front.
	tigger.uic.edu /~anneg (1507 words)

	Komposite KFO - FÃ¼r Zahnmediziner
		CONCLUSIONS: Odontoblast injury increased as the cavity RDT decreased.
		The vitality and dentine repair capacity of the pulp is dependent on odontoblast survival.
		Variations in the extent of odontoblast injury caused during operative procedures, may be the major underlying reason for the success or failure of restorative treatments.
	www.zahnfilm.de /mediawiki/index.php/Komposite_KFO (320 words)

	NIH Guide: RESEARCH ON THE BIOLOGY OF THE PULP
		However, the mechanism of action of non-collagenous proteins of odontoblast origin in dentogenesis, and in mineralization, in particular, is not well understood.
		o the effect of hydraulic conductance in the dentinal tubules on the odontoblast layer, the junctional complexes between odontoblasts, and the release of neuropeptides.
		Normal and Abnormal Dentinogenesis o development of odontoblast cell lines in vitro to elucidate the genetic regulatory mechanisms involved in odontoblast differentiation, modulation and regulation of odontoblast function, secretion of the dentin matrix, and its mineralization to make normal, reparative, and peritubular dentin.
	grants.nih.gov /grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-DE-94-009.html (2643 words)

	Biology Research Award,
		He has characterized the replacement population of odontoblasts involved in the formation of reparative dentin and developed a novel culture system to study the responses of these cells to various growth factors in vitro.
		He kept in mind that odontoblasts could have a putative role in the transduction of signals during dentin sensitivity, and he was the first researcher identifying and characterizing the mechanosensitivity of potassium ion channels of human odontoblasts (KCa and TREK-1).
		Finally, revisiting the odontoblast morphology, he described the presence of a primary cilium in odontoblasts, leading to hypothesize that this structure could be involved in signal transduction.
	www.scitechinfo.com /node/360 (449 words)

	Odontoblast Cells Immortalized by Telomerase Produce Mineralized Dentin-like Tissue Both in Vitro and in Vivo -- Hao et ...
		Odontoblast Cells Immortalized by Telomerase Produce Mineralized Dentin-like Tissue Both in Vitro and in Vivo -- Hao et al.
		derived odontoblast cells and the epithelially derived ameloblasts
		cascade of gene expression in the exogenous odontoblasts as the
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/277/22/19976 (494 words)

	Odontoblast (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The odontoblast is the cell responsible for forming dentine and maintaining it.
		The odontoblast is a highly polarised cell with prominent oranelles for the production and secretion of protein and a basally placed nucleus.
		The odontoblast layer also contains unmyelinated nerve fibres and numerous capillary loops, both of which arise from a sub-odontoblastic plexus.
	www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk /OROFACE/virtlab/histolab/data/odontoblast.html (131 words)

	Int. J. Dev. Biol. - Odontoblast differentiation.
		ABSTRACT Odontoblasts are post-mitotic, neural crest-derived, cells which overtly differentiate according to tooth specific temporo-spatial patterns and secrete predentin-dentin components.
		Neither the timing nor the molecular mechanisms of their specification are known and the problem of their patterning in the developing jaws is far from being solved.
		Fibronectin interacting with a 165 kDa, non integrin, membrane protein intervenes in the cytoskeletal reorganization involved in odontoblast polarization and their terminal differentiation can be triggered in vitro by immobilized members of the TGF beta family.
	www.ijdb.ehu.es /web/paper.php?doi=7626422 (168 words)

	Cytoskeleton of the mesenchymal cells of the rat dental papilla and dental pulp.
		Vimentin was uniformly localized in the cytoplasm of pre-odontoblasts but was redistributed to the apical pole of these cells during polarization.
		Of the cytokeratins, only cytokeratin 19 was found in differentiating odontoblasts.
		These results suggest that actin and the redistribution of vimentin may be involved in odontoblast differentiation and odontoblast process formation/support and that these events may be preceded by the expression of cytokeratin 19.
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/368099.html (206 words)

	TGF-{beta}1 Induces Accumulation of Dendritic Cells in the Odontoblast Layer -- Farges et al. 82 (8): 652 -- Journal of ...
		immature DC accumulate in the odontoblast layer and the subjacent
		In cultured non-stimulated tooth slices, no significant variation was observed in the odontoblast layer, while DC decreased in the subodontoblast layer and in the pulp core (i).
		Expression of IL-8 by cells of the odontoblast layer in vitro.
	jdr.iadrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/82/8/652 (2773 words)

	NAVAL DENTAL SCHOOL
		Odontoblast differentiation and the formation of the odontoblast layer.
		Thesleff I, Vaahtokari A. The role of growth factors in determination and differentiation of the odontoblast cell lineage.
		A combined scanning electron microscopy and immunofluorescence study demonstrating that the odontoblast process extends to the dentinoenamel junction in human teeth.
	www.bethesda.med.navy.mil /careers\postgraduate_dental_school\endodontics\literature\classic_literature\histology_physiology.htm (1225 words)

	E- and N-Cadherin Distribution in Developing and Functional Human Teeth under Normal and Pathological Conditions -- ...
		N-cadherin staining is present in odontoblasts and absent from pulp fibroblasts.
		Presence of N-cadherin and absence of E-cadherin staining in newly differentiated odontoblasts.
		Note that the staining in odontoblasts is restricted to the odontoblast cell bodies.
	ajp.amjpathol.org /cgi/content/full/160/6/2123 (5538 words)

	[No title]
		The terminology 'reduced odontoblasts' has conventionally been associated with the concept of a reduced function of the cells or to be a sign of catabolic reactions.
		A total of 63 photomicrographs (x400) equally distributed among the cutting profiles were scanned by a high-resolution (1000 l/cm) scanner (Eskofot Eskoscan) in order to produce images for the computerized histomorphometric analyses.
		The new technique allowed us to demonstrate that 'reduced odontoblasts' is a problematic terminology as almost all primary odontoblasts were involved in dentine reactions even in active lesions with enamel cavitation.
	www.lab3d.odont.ku.dk /~tdarvann/projects/odontoblast/odontoblast.html (811 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		These spaces may be the result of the disorientation of odontoblast processes that are formed as the tooth erupts.
		-with the death of the initial odontoblast, a new tubular matrix is formed by new odontoblast.
		If the death of the odontoblast is rapid, the dentinal tubules associated with the former odontoblast have little chance to become sclerotic.
	www.dds2001.com /mnemonic/2HIST8.txt (520 words)

	Cytoskeleton of the mesenchymal cells of the rat dental papilla and dental pulp. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The sections were immunolabelled using indirect immunofluorescence with a panel of monoclonal antibodies and FITC-phalloidin for F-actin localization.
		F-actin was present in follicular mesenchyme and odontoblast processes.
		It was not present in dental papilla fibroblasts, functional or aged odontoblasts.
	www.arclab.org /medlineupdates/abstract_7554938.html (225 words)

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