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Topic: The Odorants

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Methyl mercaptan

7500 BC

In the News (Sun 15 Nov 09)

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	The RedShirtDiaries: Coherent Activity in Vertebrate Brains
		In in vivo measurements we applied odorant stimuli to the nose and measured the changes in calcium concentration in the receptor neuron nerve terminals in the olfactory bulb glomeruli.
		While the time courses of the response are the same everywhere in the bulb and the same for both odorants, the size of the response from the three areas were different for the two odorants.
		Although the number of odorants we have tested is small, as far as we can tell these oscillations are the same for all odorants and are thus unlikely to be used for odorant recognition.
	info.med.yale.edu /cmphysiol/cohen/redshirtdiaries3.html (1208 words)

	Center News - 6/16/05 - Ways the brain translates combinatorial odorant-receptor codes
		Although there are about a thousand different types of odorant receptors in mice, Buck and her colleagues discovered in previous studies that each individual olfactory neuron in the nose only bears a single type of odorant receptor.
		Earlier studies of the olfactory cortex by Buck's group indicated that in contrast to the straightforward mapping of inputs from odorant receptors onto the glomeruli, the mapping of odorant receptor inputs onto the olfactory cortex was quite complex.
		She said it was particularly intriguing that odorants with related chemical structures showed highly similar patterns of activation in the cortex.
	www.fhcrc.org /about/pubs/center_news/2005/jun16/sart1.html (1174 words)

	A meaty answer to a nosy question - odor study - Brief Article Science News - Find Articles
		For 64 of the odorants, the electro-olfactogram detected similar responses from both infected and uninfected nasal cells.
		For octanal, however, the response of infected cells was significantly quicker and stronger, presumably because the cells were binding the chemical with the additional copies of 17 on their surface.
		By connecting specific odorants to receptors, researchers may learn which features of receptors are crucial to recognizing smells and how a thousand or so receptors can distinguish among the estimated 10,000 odorants, says Firestein.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1200/is_n2_v153/ai_21043788 (467 words)

	Olfaction: From Odorant Molecules to the Olfactory Cortex -- Menini et al. 19 (3): 101 -- Physiology
		Olfaction: From Odorant Molecules to the Olfactory Cortex
		Odorant molecules bind to odorant receptors (R) located in the ciliary membrane, thus activating a G protein (Golf) that stimulates adenylyl cyclase (AC), producing an increase in the generation of cAMP from ATP.
		response of an olfactory sensory neuron to an odorant stimulus
	physiologyonline.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/19/3/101 (2227 words)

	Odorants induce the phosphorylation of the cAMP response element binding protein in olfactory receptor neurons -- Moon ...
		Odorants induce the phosphorylation of the cAMP response element binding protein in olfactory receptor neurons -- Moon et al.
		Odorants induce the phosphorylation of the cAMP response element binding protein in olfactory receptor neurons
		Concentrations of odorant mixtures that were applied for 15 min are indicated in each panel.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/96/25/14605 (4263 words)

	The K+ Channel Gene Ether a Go-Go Is Required for the Transduction of a Subset of Odorants in Adult Drosophila ...
		Mutations in eag caused decreased peripheral responsiveness to a subset of odorants
		A population of eag antennal sensory neurons appears to be insensitive to a subset of odorants.
		of a subset of odorants (Coburn and Bargmann, 1996
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/18/15/5603 (5722 words)

	HHMI News: Olfaction: When One Plus One Equals Three
		In the same way, we think that odorants are being deconstructed by the receptors that recognize different features of the odorant chemical; and what we may be seeing in the cortex is an initial step in the reconstruction of the odor image from its deconstructed features.”
		Odorants that enter the nose are detected by odor receptors located on olfactory sensory neurons lining the nasal cavity.
		Indeed, when the researchers exposed the animals first to each odorant separately, and then immediately afterward to a mix of the two odorants, they found many neurons that were activated by the subsequent mix, but not by the initial individual odorants.
	www.hhmi.org /news/buck20060310.html (938 words)

	Vomeronasal organ detects odorants in absence of signaling through main olfactory epithelium - Nature Neuroscience
		This test does not depend on the association of the odorant with an aversive stimulus such as shock, nor does it require that the animal remember an odorant for longer than one minute, which is the time interval between trials.
		The odorants identified in the present study that are detected by the VNO may be recognized by receptors in the V1R and V2R families or a unique set of receptors present in the VNO.
		Detection of odorants and pheromones by the same organ may also allow these signals to be integrated in the AOB, or allow modulation of pheromone responses by odorants.
	www.nature.com /uidfinder/10.1038/nn1039 (5076 words)

	Progress in probing the mosquito's sense of smell
		Confirmation of this hypothesis means that it should be possible to identify the specific human odorants and the protein receptors that allow female mosquitoes to identify their hosts when they need blood to satisfy their reproductive needs.
		In addition to cataloging the human odorants that attract mosquitoes, it also will allow the researchers to go further and search for additional chemicals that either attract or repel these highly selective insects.
		They identified one particular compound, 4-methylphenol, strongly activated an odorant receptor that is expressed in female mosquitoes but not in males.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-01/vu-pip011404.php (617 words)

	Odorants Stimulate the ERK/Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway and Activate cAMP-response Element-mediated ...
		Genes encoding odorant receptors compose an estimated 1% of the genome, reflecting the ancient and primal nature of olfaction.
		Isolated olfactory turbinates were examined for their electrophysiological response to the odorant citralva with or without inhibition of MEK by U0126.
		The effect of KN-62 inhibition of CaMKII on odorant and Ca stimulation of ERK I/II was examined in cultured OSNs by Western analysis.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/276/3/2047 (4179 words)

	BOARD MEETING DATE: March 1, 2002 AGENDA NO. 4
		Gaseous odorants are used in commercial and residential natural gas to alert consumers of gas leakage.
		Because of the lack of odorants in LNG, LNG vehicles in California are required by the California Highway Patrol to have on-board methane detection systems.
		The objective of the proposed project is to develop a viable LNG odorant package which expands the options for operators to detect natural gas leaks in their equipment.
	www.aqmd.gov /hb/2002/02034a.html (989 words)

	Faculty Profile for Michael Leon
		In the first approach, we determined whether the olfactory bulb encodes odorants in their entirety, or whether it encodes odorants by representing a combination of molecular features that together comprise a neural picture of each odorant.
		We found that at least some odorants are represented as a combination of odorant features that separately stimulate different regions of the olfactory bulb.
		Finally, we were able to predict odor perception from the neural representations of odorants that differed in only a single aspect of their structure.
	www.faculty.uci.edu /profile.cfm?faculty_id=2146 (548 words)

	The Relative Contributions of cAMP and InsP3 Pathways to Olfactory Responses in Vertebrate Olfactory Receptor Neurons ...
		Odorants of the same odor class activate different second messenger pathways.
		Kurahashi, T. Activation by odorants of cation-selective conductance in the olfactory receptor cell isolated from the newt.
		Mechanism of odorant adaptation in the olfactory receptor cell.
	www.jgp.org /cgi/content/full/122/3/247 (2232 words)

	Neural circuit-dependent odor adaptation in C. elegans is regulated by the Ras-MAPK pathway -- Hirotsu and Iino 10 (6): ...
		Odorants used are (A) isoamyl alcohol and benzaldehyde, both sensed by AWC, (B) and pyrazine and diacetyl, both sensed by AWA.
		for the long-range odorant avoidance assay (Troemel et al.
		Watt, W.C. and Storm, D.R. (2001) Odorants stimulate the ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and activate cAMP-response element-mediated transcription in olfactory sensory neurons.
	www.genestocellsonline.org /cgi/content/full/10/6/517 (6105 words)

	From the Cover: Odor maps in the olfactory cortex -- Zou et al. 102 (21): 7724 -- Proceedings of the National Academy ...
		Odorant detection in the mouse OE is mediated by
		For one odorant (methylamine), cortices with 335, 495, 505,
		The four odorants activated different, but partially overlapping, patterns of neurons, which are similar in the two hemispheres and in different individuals.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/102/21/7724 (4193 words)

	Evaluation of the Key Odorants of Foods by Dilution Experiments, Aroma Models and Omission -- Grosch 26 (5): 533 -- ...
		The odorants were identified as: (1) 2,3-butanedione; (2) 2-methyl-3-furanthiol; (3) 2-furfurylthiol; (4) butyric acid; (5) 3-mercapto-2-pentanone; (6) 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline; (7) methional; (8) 1-octen-3-one; (9) octanal; (10) nonanal; (11) guaiacol; (12) 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone; (13) (Z)-2-nonenal; (14) (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal; (15) (E)-2-nonenal; (16) p-cresol; (17) 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone; (18) (E,E)-2,4-decadienal; (19) 12-methyltridecanal.
		odorants contributed significantly to the aroma of boiled beef.
		Guth, H. and Grosch, W. Identification of the character impact odorants of stewed beef juice by instrumental analyses and sensory studies.
	chemse.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/26/5/533 (5806 words)

	Specialty Chemicals - Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC - Odorants
		Any natural gas odorant is only as good as its components.
		Gas Odorants are of technical grade quality, far exceeding commercial grade specifications.
		Each truck is equipped with a compressor that allows "closed system" transfer into the customer’s odorant storage tanks, eliminating the escape of odoriferous vapors.
	www.cpchem.com /enu/specialty_chemicals_p_odorants.asp (232 words)

	Associative learning of plant odorants activating the same or different receptor neurones in the moth Heliothis ...
		The responses are given as percentages of the response to 10 mg racemic linalool and as the average of the responses to the two parallel test series in five female moth antennae.
		The mean response to the control (air) was subtracted from the odorant responses, which explains the slightly negative response values for some of the lower odorant concentrations.
		odorants, as was indicated by the significant correlation of
	jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/208/4/787 (6477 words)

	[No title]
		The ability to detect and distinguish among thousands of environmental odorants is based on a combinatorial recognition system.
		One family of odorant receptor proteins (therefore, candidate pheromone receptor proteins) expressed in the VNO is the V1R gene family.
		Odorant receptor expressed sequence tags demonstrate olfactory expression of over 400 genes, extensive alternate splicing and unequal expression levels.
	www.wesleyan.edu /mbb/faculty/rlane (726 words)

	Correlation of Human Olfactory Responses to Airborne Concentrations of Malodorous Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted ...
		The aims of this study are similar to that of Zahn et al.
		Odorant concentrations are reported as a percent of synthetic swine odor Z2 More than 200 volatile organic compounds have been identified
		VOC odorants from 19 in the earlier study (Zahn et al., 2001)
	jeq.scijournals.org /cgi/content/full/30/2/624 (6106 words)

	Identification of Specific Ligands for Orphan Olfactory Receptors: G PROTEIN-DEPENDENT AGONISM AND ANTAGONISM OF ...
		The odorant specificity of Ors6 is determined by the G protein
		Odorant specificity patterns and EC -ranking odorant profile of Olfr43.
		All of the odorants and their coordinates in the 96-well format are listed in Supplemental Table 2.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/280/12/11807 (4506 words)

	The Odorants - Last.fm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Rami and Anssi could already play their instruments but the other two had no experience.
		The Odorants isn't available on Last.fm radio yet.
		We don’t have any albums by The Odorants in our catalogue yet.
	www.last.fm /music/The+Odorants (109 words)

	Specialty Chemicals - Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC
		gas odorants is used to odorize natural gas, the piped gas used for cooking and home heating.
		We offer a complete range of odorant blends, and if your application requires a special odorant blend, we can manufacture one tailored to your needs.
		gas odorants are available in cans, drums, and cylinders.
	www.cpchem.com /enu/specialty_chemicals_a_gas_odorants.asp (141 words)

	The Odorants Tabs: 18 Tabs Total @ 911Tabs - Tabs Search Engine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Odorants Tabs: 18 Tabs Total @ 911Tabs - Tabs Search Engine
		Browse by band : 0-9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z : Top 100 Tabs
		+ Get more The Odorants tabs from Tab Heaven
	www.911tabs.com /tabs/o/odorants (85 words)

	LP odorants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		home :: chemicals :: products :: natural gas odorizing :: LP Odorants
		While ethyl mercaptan is by far the most common odorant for Liquid Propane (LP) gas applications in the United States, NGO also offers other LP gas odorant blends for clients with special odorization requirements.
		These blends are formulated using the components ethyl mercaptan, dimethyl sulfide, and tetrahydrothiophene.
	www.oxy.com /oxychem/Products/odorants/lp_odorants.htm (59 words)

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