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Topic: Offensive counter air

	Offensive counter air - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Offensive Counter-Air (OCA) is a military term for the suppression of an enemy's military air power by destroying or disabling the aircraft on the ground and/or destroying or crippling the runways and other infrastructure necessary to operate them.
		Offensive counter-air strikes have been used since World War I, but perhaps the most successful single OCA mission to date was the Israeli offensive that opened the Six Day War of 1967, when the Heyl Ha'avir destroyed a large portion of the air power of Egypt, Syria, and Jordan, mostly on the ground.
		As a common rubric of the Cold War held, a tank parked at the end of an enemy runway is a perfectly valid counter-air weapon.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Offensive_counter_air (257 words)

	Excellence in Air Combat: PAF’s Forte
		Air combat missions involving duels between opposing aircraft attempting to shoot each other down in an effort to win control of the air has traditionally occupied the top slot in the various roles that air power is expected to perform.
		Air combats between opposing fighter aircraft are often viewed as contests between knights in shining armour and it evokes all the romance of bravery, skill and gallantry associated with such duels.
		Air combat then is inevitable and it plays a vital role in determining if the offensive side has managed to establish control of the air or the defenders have successfully denied it to the aggressors.
	www.defencejournal.com /2002/april/combat.htm (1607 words)

	VII - MUTUAL VULNERABILITY: COUNTER AIR OPERATIONS
		Counter air operations are rarely conducted in a vacuum, but rather in the context of a larger conflict.
		The counter air operations case studies in the next section, for example, illustrate that when fighting a war it is unlikely that one would attack the enemy's aircraft web and sit back to view the results.
		Counter air operations in previous conflicts had focussed on runway busting to deny the enemy access to the air, as destroying hardened shelters required multiple passes and caused high losses for attackers.
	www.fas.org /spp/aircraft/part07.htm (3986 words)

	Royal Air Force - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The professional head of the RAF is known as the Chief of the Air Staff (CAS), currently Air Chief Marshal Sir Glenn Torpy.
		The Air Force Board (AFB) is the management board of the RAF and consists of the Commanders-in-Chief of the Commands, together with several other high ranking officers.
		The Tornado F.3 is the RAF's air defence fighter aircraft, based at RAF Leuchars and RAF Leeming to defend the UK’s airspace.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Royal_Air_Force (3836 words)

	Aerial interdiction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Air interdiction.
		Interdiction is distinguished from close air support, which deals with the direct attack of enemy ground forces on the battlefield, usually in support of friendly troops.
		Offensive counter air missions, including attacks on enemy runways, can be considered a type of interdiction mission, but OCA operations have become a more specialized field, owing the unique complexities of targeting enemy aircraft and runaways.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Aerial_interdiction (173 words)

	ipedia.com: B-52 Stratofortress Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Boeing B-52 Stratofortress is a long-range strategic bomber flown by the United States Air Force since 1955, replacing the Convair B-36.
		Air Combat Command's B-52 is a long-range, heavy bomber that can perform a variety of missions.
		The Air Force intends to keep the B-52 in service until around 2050, an unprecedented length of service for an aircraft model.
	www.ipedia.com /b_52_stratofortress.html (1127 words)

	NATO military low-flying
		Air superiority was the goal, and it was to take two forms: direct (or offensive) superiority, or defeating an enemy's ability to withstand or prevent air attack or surveillance operations over its territory; and indirect air superiority, or preventing an enemy from doing the same over one's own ground forces.
		In both OCA and air interdiction (AI) tasks, bombing accuracy is crucial when the target itself is small or where distinction must be made among elements within a target area.
		Offensive counter air operations: Attempts to destroy an enemy's ability to sustain air operations by attacking its airbases and related facilities, including radar and air defence installations as well as aircraft on the ground and in the air.
	www.ploughshares.ca /libraries/WorkingPapers/WP942.html (9850 words)

	Strategic Air Offensive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		By the end of 1940 the Air Ministry had generally accepted that a tour of operational duty should offer a 50% chance of survival, and in the case of Bomber Command this was generally accepted as being 30 sorties, but not exceeding 200 hours of operational flying.
		Appendix 42 to Vol IV of " The Strategic Air Offensive Against Germany" gives a breakdown of Halifax loss rates which shows that in December 1943 with 713 sorties flown the loss rate was 8.1%, and in February 1944 with a total of 269 sorties flown it was 10.8%.
		Before the war, the U. Army Air Forces had advanced bombing techniques to their highest level of development and had trained a limited number of crews to a high degree of precision in bombing under target range conditions, thus leading to the expressions "pin point" and "pickle barrel" bombing.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /r_m_g.varley/Strategic_Air_Offensive.html (9932 words)

	devnotes
		Offensive Counter Air (OCA) Strikes are vital ways of destroying the enemy force's ability to wage war in the air.
		OCA Strikes also aim to destroy buildings, control towers, ammunition dumps, in fact any high-priority target on the airfield.
		One of the issues was that sometimes OCA Strikes were a little too dangerous for the computer-controlled pilots, or, as we have come to know them, the AI (Artificial Intelligence).
	www.lead-pursuit.com /oca_01.htm (1145 words)

	WHAT
		According to US officials it was during this simulated combat, which included both “offensive counter air” and “defensive counter air” scenarios, that the Indians proved the most formidable.
		In the offensive counter air scenarios, a small number of F-15Cs would attempt to intercept an enemy strike aircraft en route to a target that was guarded by a larger number of Indian fighters.
		It indicated that the lessons of Exercise-Garuda 2003 with the French Air Force were well learnt and the complications and techniques of BVR (Beyond Visual Range) combat were well absorbed by the IAF within the shortest period of time.
	www.indiadefence.com /COPE.htm (1839 words)

	Air Combat Command - Photos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This B-52 is from Minot Air Force Base, N.D., and is assigned to the 23rd Expeditionary Bomb Squadron.
		The Thunderbirds squadron is an Air Combat Command unit composed of eight pilots (including six demonstration pilots), four support officers, three civilians and more than 130 enlisted personnel performing in 25 career fields.
		The only modifications needed to prepare the aircraft for its air demonstration role are installing a smoke-generating system in the space normally reserved for the 20mm cannon, and the painting of the aircraft in Thunderbird colors.
	www.acc.af.mil /photos/index.asp?page=25 (1278 words)

	Coastal Command History - Squadrons
		In the first 24 hours of offensive operations RAF aircraft flew a total of 101 sorties, an intensity of activity which was sustained throughout the early period of the conflict.
		The Tornado F3 force flew more than 2,500 operational combat air patrol sorties during the conflict, of which nearly 800 were flown during the period of hostilities.
		The RAF's Air Staff Management Aid (ASMA) computerised information system was the prime command and control system for the deployed forces, and by the end of August 1990 the RAF's Tactical Communications Wing (TWC) had deployed terminals to the Gulf locations.
	www.raf.mod.uk /gulf/operations.html (2594 words)

	Siyah, Gri, Beyaz: Counter-Air Operations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Counter-air is an air operation of a tactical air command conducted to attain and maintain a desired degree of air superiority by the destruction and neutralization of enemy forces.
		In modern warfare, it typically refers to the use of air power to destroy bridges, major railway junctions, or other choke points inside enemy territory, thus preventing not only supplies, but also reinforcements from reaching the battle area.
		If air cover is not provided to army or navy, they will certainly suffer heavy losses in that particular theatre of war, but if the enemy gains air superiority, then it will lead to national disgrace or even surrender.
	orko8.blogspot.com /2006/02/counter-air-operations.html (4435 words)

	F-15E Strike Eagle.com - 336th Fighter Squadron (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Crews of the 336th were the first fighters to penetrate German airspace and by the end of the war the 336th had destroyed a total of 358 aircraft, 175 in the air and 183 on the ground.
		On 28 June 1950 the US Air Force flew first combat missions over Korea and on 13 December 1950, the 336th Fighter Squadron moved to Johnson AFB, Japan, to join hostilities with their F-86 Sabres, which were shipped in from San Francisco on aircraft carriers.
		The primary mission of the 336th was air superiority, and their F-86 Sabres were capable of battling the Soviet-built MiG-15 on equal terms.
	www.f-15estrikeeagle.com /facts/units/336fs.htm (2375 words)

	B-52 Stratofortress - United States Nuclear Forces
		The Air Force’s objective is to employ the latest navigation and communication technology to reduce the crew size to four people, by combining the radar navigator and navigator functions into one position.
		While Air Combat Command (ACC) was happy to retain these operational capabilities, they were limited in their ability to employ either Have Nap or Harpoon by the fact that only a limited number of B-52Hs could employ the missiles.
		An Air Force team formed to study Boeing's proposal analyzed the lease and purchase alternatives and concluded that both options are cost prohibitive compared to maintaining the existing TF-33 engines.
	www.fas.org /nuke/guide/usa/bomber/b-52.htm (2464 words)

	Dragon 50147 - Diecast Model F-15 Eagle USAF 3rd Wing, 90th FS Pair-O-Dice: The Flying Mule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The mission of the 90th Fighter Squadron is to be a combat-ready fighter squadron prepared for rapid worldwide deployment of F-15E aircraft to accomplish precision engagement of surface targets using a wide variety of conventional air-to-surface munitions.
		The squadron trains in the fighter missions of strategic attack, interdiction, offensive counter-air (air-to-surface), suppression of enemy defenses, as well as offensive and defensive counter-air (air-to-air).
		Designed to meet a USAF requirement for a long-range tactical air superiority fighter, the F15 was first flown on July 27th, 1972.
	www.flyingmule.com /products/DM-50147 (267 words)

	B-52 / USAF.com - Current Aircraft of United States Air Force
		Only the H model is still in the Air Force inventory and all are assigned to Air Combat Command.
		The B-52's electronic countermeasures suite is capable of protecting itself against a full range of air defense threat systems by using a combination of electronic detection, jamming and infrared countermeasures.
		Air Combat Command, Office of Public Affairs; 115 Thompson Street, Suite 211; Langley AFB, VA 23665-1987; DSN 574-5014 or (804) 764-5014; e-mail: accpai@hqaccpa.langley.af.mil.
	www.usaf.com /aircraft/b52.htm (700 words)

	Indian Air Force - Cope India 2004 - Indo American Exercises
		The Last time the Indian Air Force and the United States Air Force engaged in Dissimilar Air Combat Training was Forty years back in 1963 during Exercise Shiksha.
		Gwalior AFS is the hub of the Indian air force’s operational training and testing and often plays host to national-level exercises.
		Station Commander Air Commodore SP Rajguru said he is pleased at the first week’s flying operations.
	bharat-rakshak.com /IAF/Images/Special/CopeIndia/CopeIndia05-01.html (813 words)

	[No title]
		CONCLUSION It is certainly irrelevant to the outcome and possibly bogus to suggest the Luft "should have pursued the counter air campaign".
		The Luft had been City bombing since the start of the air campaign with many port and industrial cities targetted; the only diffeence was they hit London and intensified the campaign.
		The RAF didn't need air superiority over the channel to kill off any invasion, they merely needed to contest it for a week at most.
	www.strategypage.com /messageboards/messages/30-34219.asp (1593 words)

	WIBW \| Air Strike: B-52 Stratofortress (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In a conventional conflict, the B-52 can perform strategic attack, air interdiction, offensive counter-air and maritime operations.
		During Operation Allied Force, B-52s opened the conflict with conventional cruise missile attacks and then transitioned to delivering general purpose bombs and cluster bomb units on Serbian army positions and staging areas.
		Only the H model is still in the Air Force inventory and is assigned to Air Combat Command and the Air Force Reserves.
	www.wibw.com /unclassified/264511.html (627 words)

	F-15E Strike Eagle.com - Operators: 90th Fighter Squadron 'Pair-o-Dice' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The 90th almost continiously flew missions in the allied air offensive against German forces and reveived battle honors for their action in the Lorraine, St. Mihiel, and Meuse-Argonne campaigns.
		On 12 December 1969 the 90th was redesignated the 90th Attack Squadron and converted to the Cessna A-37B Dragonfly light attack aircraft, conducting the combat acceptance testing of the new aircraft in the Vietnam Theater.
		As part of the 3rd Aerospace Expeditionary Group, which was the first aerospace expeditionary force in the Pacific Air Forces, the squadron was tasked with backfilling for the USS Independence carrier group, which had been moved from the region to the Persian Gulf during a recent build up of US forces there.
	www.f-15estrikeeagle.com /facts/units/90fs.htm (2224 words)

	The Ardennes Offensive - Ardennes Depot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Battle of the Bulge -- The Ardennes Offensive.
		The Ardennes Offensive, December 16, 1944 - January 30, 1945.
		This study group of the Battle of the Bulge is collecting and preserving the history of the Ardennes Offensive, especially in relation to events in...
	www.dar-lin.com /the-ardennes-offensive.html (307 words)

	Air Offensive - Cheaper Software (softwaredealcentral.com) - Saucony Men's Grid Stabil MC Wide Width Running Shoe
		Air Offensive Players will join the militia forces of the Archipelago and attempt to stave off the forces of rebellion, who are trying to terrorize the country.
		As a fresh recruit in the air forces, you must fight to restore freedom through intense aerial dog-fighting and ground attack missions to become the master of the skies.
		Air Offensive features seven different aircraft including the Ranger and Viper classes, all armed with air-to-air and air-to-ground missiles and cannons.
	www.softwaredealcentral.com /AirOffensive/Store/1135983 (1053 words)

	INDIA'S IAF vs. U.S. USAF 1:0, OR WHAT ABOUT F/A-22? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The first bilateral dissimilar air combat exercise, named "Cope India", between the U.S. Air Force (USAF) and the Indian air force (IAF) in more than 40 years was held from Feb. 16 and lasted through Feb. 25 at Gwalior AFS, the oldest IAF's operational training and testing station.
		USAF was represented by, approximately, 150 airmen from the air force's 3rd Wing out of Elmendorf Air Force Base in Alaska flying F-15C Eagles.
		Dissimilar AIR COMBAT TRAINING, otherwise known as DACT, is simulated combat flying between two different types of aircraft.
	www.rumormillnews.com /cgi-bin/archive.cgi?noframes;read=51156 (503 words)

	Search Tuna Report for B-52 STRATOFORTRESS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The aircraft's flexibility was evident during the Vietnam War and, again, in installations and bunkers, and decimated the morale of Iraq's Republican Guard.
		Air Combat Command Aerial Events - B-52 Stratofortress...
		Goleta Air And Space Museum: B-52 Stratofortress -...
	www.searchtuna.com /ftlive2/3013.html (1997 words)

	AGM-130A Air-to-Ground Missile
		Offensive counter air, close air support/interdiction, suppression of enemy air defenses, naval anti-surface warfare
		However, that number was reduced to about 2,300 units and for fiscal year 1995 was further reduced to 502.
		$884,279 The Air Force never awarded a full-rate production contract and the production unit cost of the munition rose from an estimated $261,500 to $884,279.
	fortunecity.com /tatooine/leguin/643/web_tree/Weapons/html/AGM-130.html (121 words)

	graphic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Its low-observable, or "stealth," characteristics give it the unique ability to penetrate an enemy's most sophisticated defenses and threaten its most valued, and heavily defended, targets.
		Its capability to penetrate air defenses and threaten effective retaliation provide a strong, effective deterrent and combat force well into the 21st century.
		The revolutionary blending of low-observable technologies with high aerodynamic efficiency and large payload gives the B-2 important advantages over existing bombers.
	hills.ccsf.cc.ca.us /~ywu18/graphic.html (307 words)

	Cope Tiger 2005 Naval Aviation News - Find Articles
		Personnel from Carrier Air Wing (CVW) 2, deployed aboard Abraham Lincoln (CVN 72), participated in Cope Tiger 2005, an international exercise held in Korat, Thailand, from 24 January to 4 February.
		F/A-18C Hornets from the Strike Fighter Squadron (VFA) 82 Marauders and the VFA-151 Vigilantes conducted offensive counter air, defensive counter air, and strike missions.
		EA-6B Prowlers from the Electronic Attack Squadron 131 Lancers were involved in suppression of enemy air defense and strike missions.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IAX/is_4_87/ai_n14708195 (297 words)

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