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Topic: Offsets

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	Offset Bends
		Offset bends are used to move a run of conduit from one plane to another.
		An offset is normally used to bend the conduit around an obstruction, or to relocate the conduit close to a structural member to make it easier to fasten the conduit.
		The Cosecant of an angle is defined as the length of the hypotenuse of a 90º triangle divided by the length of the opposite side of the triangle.
	www.porcupinepress.com /_bending/offsets.htm (448 words)

	U. S. Bureau of Industry and Security - Offsets in Defense Trade 1999
		This offset ratio is down from the 1996 ratio of 76 percent and the 1995 ratio of 81 percent.
		Offset agreements associated with the purchase of off-the-shelf aircraft provide an opportunity for foreign vendors to supply parts and components (direct offsets) for aircraft destined for the host country, and an additional opportunity to compete in the existing U.S. (and foreign) replacement market (indirect offsets).
		Offsets may be directly related to the weapon system being exported, or they may take the form of compensation unrelated to the exported item, such as foreign investment or counter trade.
	www.bis.doc.gov /defenseindustrialbaseprograms/OSIES/offsets/offsetsdeftradeyr99v2.htm (3561 words)

	Foreigners Exact Trade-Offs From US Contractors - Global Policy Forum - Nations and States
		Offsets can be any form of aid — direct investments, agreements to help countries export their goods, pacts to use more foreign components in the weapons sold, even transferring subassembly jobs overseas.
		So complicated are offsets that most major contractors have entire departments to devise them and to twist the arms of suppliers into participating as well.
		Offsets began after World War II, based on the theory that co-production agreements were needed to help European countries rebuild military-industrial bases and resist communism.
	www.globalpolicy.org /nations/launder/regions/2003/0216offsets.htm (1939 words)

	offsets- students engaged in eco-defense (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A greenhouse gas offset is a project implemented specifically to reduce the level of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere.
		There are numerous ways to achieve emission reduction through technological means, including: energy efficient buildings, factories and transportation; renewable energy, such as wind, solar, and tidal; migrating to lower carbon energy sources, for instance using natural gas instead of coal; and capturing carbon dioxide in forests and in agricultural soils.
		Offsets are being used as a springboard towards Kyoto compliance, not an end in itself.
	www.lclark.edu /~seed/offsets.html (265 words)

	The UAE Offsets Programme
		Offsets means that, when a foreign company is awarded a large contract by a government, it is contractually obliged to contribute economic activity to the local economy.
		Offsets are cited as a mechanism that levels the technology between the have and the have not nations.
		Offsets was becoming more prevalent but, like smoke and mirrors, there was a lot of credit given but there was no substance behind it, and that became the rule.
	crm.hct.ac.ae /events/archive/tend/031eident.html (1382 words)

	Offsets in the Middle East
		Offsets are commercial arrangements demanded by a buyer and agreed to by a seller that obligate the seller to perform actions that will "offset" the outflow of money required by the contract for sale.
		The most common complaints made against offsets are that: (1) they cost jobs in the country of the company agreeing to the offset; and (2) they create competitors (generally through technology transfer and the acquisition of other skills) in the country imposing the offset requirement and benefiting from the offset.
		The overall effect of offsets on the defense industrial base has been debated but is probably impossible to measure, since it is very hard to determine which contracts would not have occurred but for the offsets that the seller agreed to.
	www.mepc.org /journal_vol6/9810_weltetal.asp (6615 words)

	PACSOA - Striking Cycad Offsets
		Until there are roots on the offset, the leaves are drawing moisture out of the offset through respiration.
		Cut the offset from the plant so that the cut is as smooth as possible.
		I was told a long time ago not to pull the offsets off the parent plant.
	www.pacsoa.org.au /cycads/articles/CycadOffsets.html (1113 words)

	Kencove Farm Fence Supplies - Offsets
		Offset Insulated Brackets are designed to put an insulated electric wire about eight inches away from a permanent fence.
		Offset Insulated Brackets (I61/I62) are designed to put an insulated electric wire about eight inches away from a permanent fence.
		The 14-inch Stafix Offset Bracket (I6X) is easy to attach with a screw driver onto two separate lines of either smooth or woven wire.
	www.kencove.com /ShopItemIG.php?item=Offsets (549 words)

	U. S. Bureau of Industry and Security - Offsets in Defense Trade: An Annual Report to Congress
		Offsets are the practice by which the award of contracts by foreign governments or companies is exchanged for commitments to provide industrial compensation.
		Countries require offsets for a variety of reasons: to ease the burden of large defense purchases on their economy, to increase or preserve domestic employment, to obtain desired technology, and to promote targeted industrial sectors.
		Overall, offsets continue to be an important and necessary factor in a climate of increased competition for a declining number of international sales contracts.
	www.bis.doc.gov /defenseindustrialbaseprograms/OSIES/offsets/default.htm (535 words)

	The use of offsets in foreign military sales - Tutorial Acquisition Review Quarterly - Find Articles
		Offset agreements appear to be common in large defense sales of aircraft, radars, and other electronic systems, to foreign governments.
		The value of the offsets expected by the buying nations frequently equals the value of the original defense purchases, and the time required to fulfill the offset commitments may easily exceed the delivery time for the purchased defense equipment.
		Thus, offsets may be considered a form of indirect subsidization, and possibly a second-best, or blunt form of government intervention or commercial policy.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0JZX/is_3_10/ai_109353417 (831 words)

	Climate Trust - What is an Offset?
		Offsets are so named because they counteract or offset the purchaser's GHG emissions.
		Offsets are a critical piece of the climate change solution, and because offsets can be readily implemented using existing technology, they make a difference today.
		Offsets are an essential part of an effective climate policy precisely because they can be implemented quickly and at a relatively low cost.
	www.climatetrust.org /about_offsets.php (510 words)

	[No title]
		An offset used on a turning center to account for the setup and geometry of a specific tool held in the turret.
		Offsets are used to adjust for variations in tool geometry, part size, tool wear, etc.
		Workshift offsets change the position of the turret on a turning center and the spindle on a machining center.
	www.toolingu.com /class_class_desc.aspx?class_ID=300210 (701 words)

	About tax offsets
		With a tax offset, we work out the tax due on your taxable income then reduce it by the total amount of your tax offsets.
		Tax offsets can only reduce the amount of tax you pay to zero, that is, if your tax offsets are greater than your tax due, you do not get a refund of the excess amount – with three exceptions.
		Tax offsets, in general, do not reduce your Medicare levy; however, where you have excess refundable tax offsets, you can use them to reduce your tax, including your Medicare levy.
	www.ato.gov.au /individuals/content.asp?doc=/content/19605.htm (233 words)

	Concrete Form Applications - Offsets
		The 6” Offset requires the use of a 2” OSC “W” and the use of a 4”x4” ISC to achieve the desire dimension.
		The 8” Offset requires the use of a 2” OSC “W” and the use of a 4”x6” ISC to achieve the desire dimension.
		When Forming Offsets with corners and fillers larger than 4”, bracing is required to eliminate the chance of “kicking” or moving out of square when concrete is placed.
	www.wallties.com /offsets.htm (348 words)

	[No title]
		Offsets are used to adjust for differences in tool geometry, part size, tool wear, etc.
		A function key that is used to enter the present Z-axis location for the tool length offsets in the offset page during part setup.
		On the mill, the work offset changes the position of the spindle in both the X- and Y-axes, and often the Z-axis as well.
	www.toolingu.com /class_class_desc.aspx?class_ID=310260 (1193 words)

	Info Node: (gnuplot.info)offsets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Syntax: set offsets , , , unset offsets show offsets Each offset may be a constant or an expression.
		Left and right offsets are given in units of the x axis, top and bottom offsets in units of the y axis.
		Example: set offsets 0, 0, 2, 2 plot sin(x) This graph of sin(x) will have a y range [-3:3] because the function will be autoscaled to [-1:1] and the vertical offsets are each two.
	www.go.dlr.de:8081 /cgi-bin/info2www?(gnuplot)offsets (125 words)

	Defense Procurement and Acquisition Policy - PAIC, Offsets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		A. “Offset” means the entire range of industrial and commercial benefits provided to foreign governments as an inducement or condition to purchase military goods or services, including benefits such as co-production, licensed production, subcontracting, technology transfer, in-county procurement, marketing and financial assistance, and joint ventures.
		The contractor must make the offset agreement available to the CO upon request when it is needed to evaluate the allowability, allocability, and reasonableness of proposed offset costs.
		Without understanding the scope and terms of the offset agreement, the contracting officer will not be able to ascertain the acceptability of the costs pursuant to the regulations, and therefore will not be able to include those costs in the contract price.
	www.acq.osd.mil /dpap/paic/international/contracting/offsets (3127 words)

	Presence of Offsets Reduces Hosta's Response to Benzyladenine
		Offsets formed from BA-induced buds were removed from treated plants within 30 days of BA application and rooted under intermittent mist.
		At 30 DAT, change in offset number among controls was greatest for plants with no initial offsets, followed by those with one initial offset, and least for plants with two or three initial offsets.
		The change in offset number decreased in controls with one (30 DAT) or two or three (30 and 60 DAT) initial offsets and at 30 DAT in plants with two or three initial offsets treated with 1,250 ppm BA.
	www.ag.auburn.edu /landscape/gary7.html (727 words)

	Invest in Carbon Offsets and Green Tags and Become Carbon Neutral
		Currently, the most respected certifiers of carbon offsets and green tags include Green-e (www.green-e.org) for domestic green tags and the CDM Gold Standard (www.cdmgoldstandard.org) for international offset projects.
		As international standards for certifying the carbon offsetting amounts related to reforestation and afforestation are developed and globally accepted by those organizations that certify the quality of emission reduction projects, STI will offer select, best-in-class projects upon request.
		Greenhouse Gas (GHG) / Carbon Offset: A mechanism by which the impact of emitting a ton of GHG or CO2 can be negated or diminished by avoiding the release of a ton elsewhere, or absorbing a ton of GHG or CO2 from the air that otherwise would have remained in the atmosphere.
	www.carbonoffsets.org (1696 words)

	[No title]
		For example, although quite popular, selling offsets from tree planting projects is particularly problematic for a number of reasons, including their lack of permanence and the fact that these projects do not address our dependence on fossil fuels.
		Similarly, offset projects involving the destruction of halocarbon gases such as HFC-23 have sustained numerous criticisms, including the fact that they actually result in a perverse incentive (due to the sheer volume of offsets - and profits - that they generate) for more of the ozone-depleting gas to be created.
		The price of offsets from these projects is also so low (due to the very high global warming potential of the gas) that they tend to flood the market and squeeze out more sustainable offset projects, like solar and wind.
	www.davidsuzuki.org /Climate_Change/What_You_Can_Do/carbon_offsets.asp (798 words)

	Aleut Baidarka Offsets - free boat plans for building a strip-built baidarka style sea kayaks.
		A table of offsets for the Aleut baidarka (MAE 593-76) collected on Akun island in the Aleutian Islands in 1845 by the Russian explorer I. Vaznesenskii.
		These offsets differ from those published by Zimmerly in that the stations are spaced every foot and they are corrected for the thickness of the strips.
		These drawings and offsets are one step farther removed, and as such may not be worth much.
	www.guillemot-kayaks.com /Building/StripBuilt/Aleut/Offsets.html (1074 words)

	Refresher on offsets
		An X offset always moves along rows, although it may be to the right or left depending on which instrument is in use.
		Combining different kinds of offsets is trickier, but here are some general guidelines: switching from absolute to relative offsets usually produces intuitive behavior, while switching from relative to absolute usually produces surprises.
		Combining offsets of any kind with changes in rotation in the order offset+rotate+offset is generally a bad idea, but it can be successful if the offsets are relative; reslewing at the time of changing rotation is usually a better idea (that means pressing the Slew button to change rotations, rather than the Set button).
	www.astro.princeton.edu /APO/apo35-general/msg.654.html (910 words)

	R2-R1 Offsets in Source Positions
		Small residual offsets (~0.01-0.02 pixel) were noted in all three bands and both axes between the FREXAS centroid and psf positions for both hemispheres except for the Y coordinate in band Ks in the northern camera, where a residual offset was found ~0.06 pixel = 0.12 arcsec.
		These offsets may also be seen in the statistics file output by BANDMERGE, with a superimposed cross-scan slope of amplitude ~0.15 arcsec between the Ks band and the J and H band merged extractions see 971116n.s011.bmgstats for example.
		Summarizing, the offsets seen between R2 and R1 in the TYCHO residuals are found to be partially due to an error ~0.12 arcsec in the FREXAS psf centering on the Y axis of Ks band, and probably a similar error in the centering of one or more PROPHOT psfs of ~0.2 arcsec.
	spider.ipac.caltech.edu /staff/gene/analysis/psvcfs.html (787 words)

	NEA: NEA Legislative Action Center - Social Security Offsets: FAQs
		Although the offsets only affect educators who have worked in one of the impacted states, the mobile population assures that there are impacted individuals everywhere.
		The offsets limit choices for educators who might be unable or unwilling to relocate to an impacted state.
		Most importantly, the offsets represent unfair public policy that is harming education colleagues and the entire profession.
	www.nea.org /lac/socsec/ssofaq.html (1446 words)

	IAFF-FC: Financial Services
		But because of a law called the Government Pension Offset (GPO), this provision is modified for fire fighters and other public employees who receive government pensions.
		It is possible for a fire fighter to be affected by both of these offsets if 2/3 of his or her pension plus his or her Social Security benefits is less than one half of his or her spouseâs Social Security benefits.
		In this case, the Social Security benefits received after the WEP would be used to offset a spouseâs benefit dollar for dollar.
	www.iaff-fc.com /services-deferred_LM5.aspx (724 words)

	DRDB: MOJAQMD 1305 EMISSIONS OFFSETS
		The ratio for Offsets obtained from outside the District for any Nonattainment Air Pollutant shall be equal to the offset ratio which would have applied had such Offsets been obtained within the District.
		Offsets shall be obtained from a Facility (or combination of Facilities) located within the same federal nonattainment, attainment or unclassified area as that where the Offsets are to be used.
		The APCO shall adjust any Offsets proposed to be used to reflect any emissions reductions in excess of RACT in effect at the time such Offsets are used if such reductions have not already been reflected in the calculations required pursuant to District Rules 1304(C)(2) or 1404(A)(3).
	www.arb.ca.gov /drdb/moj/suphtml/1305_s_9-24-01.htm (1863 words)

	Agreement on Government Procurement : Offsets (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Nevertheless, having regard to general policy considerations, including those relating to development, a developing country may at the time of accession negotiate conditions for the use of offsets, such as requirements for the incorporation of domestic content.
		Such requirements shall be used only for qualification to participate in the procurement process and not as criteria for awarding contracts.
		They shall be set forth in the country's Appendix I and may include precise limitations on the imposition of offsets in any contract subject to this Agreement.
	www.worldpolicies.com /english/aogp_us_offsets.html (145 words)

	Menu Positioning With Offsets - Free DHTML JavaScript Web Menu Sample 23
		The form to the right allows you to change the settings for screen position, offsets, follow scrolling and the orientation of the menu.
		Although the menu appears by default at the top right corner, it can be moved to any position by selecting appropriate properties from the form.
		Offsets can then be declared to position the menu by declaring pixel values in the top offset and left offset text boxes.
	www.milonic.com /menusample23.php (455 words)

	BXTC International Economic Trade Offsets / Countertrade (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		You already know how hard it is to prepare a strong offset proposal that satisfies U.S. export licensing and other legal requirements, meets the foreign offset credit eligibility rules, makes good business sense and minimizes your risks.
		You also know how hard it can be to bring eligible indirect offset transactions to the table.
		Our body of ethical and effective techniques, proven in over one hundred offset / countertrade programs, include coordination of in-country tax and legal matters; assurance of US and foreign regulatory compliance; sourcing, negotiation support, technology transfer assistance, training support, and other aspects.
	mysite.verizon.net /sbailey14/offsets.html (281 words)

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