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	Ogaden War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Ogaden War was a conventional conflict between Somalia and Ethiopia in 1977 and 1978 over the Ogaden region of Ethiopia.
		Fighting erupted as Somalia sought to exploit a temporary shift in the regional balance of power in their favor to occupy the Ogaden region, claimed to be part of Greater Somalia.
		The failure of the war aggravated discontent with the Barre regime; the first organized opposition group, the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF), was formed by army officers in 1979.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ogaden_War (1280 words)

	[No title]
		The Ogaden War therefore remains the best example of the SNA's ability to mount and sustain conventional military operations.
		Before the Ogaden War, the most striking feature of the 23,000-man SNA had been its large armored force, which was equipped with about 250 T-34 and T-54/T-55 Soviet-built medium tanks and more than 300 armored personnel carriers.
		After the Somali government committed the SNA to the Ogaden, the conflict ceased to be a guerrilla action and assumed the form of a conventional war in which armor, mechanized infantry, and air power played decisive roles.
	www.angelfire.com /nf/ogaden/soma.html (1766 words)

	The Ogaden People: Past and Present
		The Ogaden Somali territory lies between Oromia to the west, Afar to the north-west, the Republic of Djibouti to the north, Kenya to the south and the Somali Republic to the east.
		Moreover in the Ogaden, the EPRDF forces and Tigrean dealers who have been given concessions and licences by the Ethiopian government dominated by ethnic Tigreans, are devastating the poor and the fragile ecological balance by widespread exploitation and depletion of forests for military purposes, firewood and charcoal.
		It is incumbent upon the Ogaden people to call upon the current EPRDF regime ruling Ethiopia to desist from its current militaristic and aggressive attitude and accept a peaceful negotiated settlement of the current conflict between the Ogaden people and Ethiopia with the participation of third neutral parties from the international community.
	www.sidamaconcern.com /articles/ogaden_past_present.htm (3133 words)

	Ethiopia: Famine, War, and Environmental Destruction
		The 1984 famine followed a protracted war in different parts of the Ethiopian empire: war with Ogaden, war with Eritrea and Tigray, war within the establishment, the red terror, etc… Mengistu’s atrocities did not end there.
		The poverty that visited upon the rural families by ruthless policies, the environmental damage that malicious resettlement programs engendered, and the ruthless execution of war which led to famine was openly described by the western journalists.
		Again the areas of this calamity are the southern areas such as Bale and Borana in Oromia, Qoreleh in Ogaden, Malagawondo and Meme in Sidama, and scores of areas in the west as in Benishangul.
	www.sidamaconcern.com /articles/ethiopia_famine_war.htm (1809 words)

	Ethiopia Somalia Ogaden War 1976-1978
		To facilitate operations, the logistics center and headquarters for forces fighting in the northern Ogaden moved to Hargeysa, the SNA's northern sector headquarters.
		The Soviet Union's decision to abandon Somalia in favor of Ethiopia eventually turned the tide of battle in the Ogaden.
		War in the Ogaden: In Addis Ababa, meanwhile, civilian opposition to the military government erupted in urban civil war.
	www.onwar.com /aced/data/oscar/ogaden1976.htm (1897 words)

	Why Ogaden War
		OUTLINE Thesis Statement: The Ogaden War was a direct result of Somalia's attempt to obtain Ethiopia's Ogaden Province, through subversion and direct aggression, which ultimately focused the attention of both the Soviet Union and the United States towards the Horn of Africa.
		Ethnically, the Horn is defined as the territory inhabited by a Somalia-speaking population.3 Geographically, this is perceived as the Ethiopian Ogaden, the Kenyan North Eastern Province (formerly known as North Frontier District - NFD), and part of the Republic of Djibouti.
		The Ogaden War is an example of wars or skirmishes to be expected in the future.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/library/report/1986/KCA.htm (3486 words)

	Ogaden War, 1977-1978
		By the time of the Ogaden War only two remained intact, and both were reported as destroyed on the ground by early Somali air strikes.
		With the loss of Harer, the whole Somali position in Ogaden was actually outflanked: the Somalis were forced to retreat to Jijiga and Dible, the last important crossroads in the area, or else risk being cut off from their major supply bases.
		By early February, the position of Somali and WSLF troops in Ogaden was untennable: Ethiopian air attacks have destroyed almost all of their heavy weapons, and a series of fast offensives of Ethiopian and Cuban ground forces neutralized the WSLF as a fighting force.
	www.acig.org /artman/publish/article_188.shtml (5559 words)

	Somaliuk Your Portal For News, Chat Rooms, Culture, Music, and Forums
		Largely because the Soviet Union sided with Ethiopia in the Ogaden War, a United States-Somali rapprochement began in 1977 and culminated in a military access agreement in 1980 that permitted the United States to use naval ports and airfields at Berbera, Chisimayu, and Mogadishu, in exchange for military and economic aid.
		Somalia going to war was first the culmination of the peak of somali military's muscle-strength capabilities and that of Ethiopia in a state of political turmoil.
		And the outcome was that Somalia lost the war and thereby the beginning of regime's downfall and the birth of numerous rebels, who helped nothing but continuing deterioration of the anarchistic situation and the political turmoil of country ever since the regime been overthrown.
	www.somaliuk.com /Forums/index.php?topic=2154.0 (3422 words)

	OGADEN: DOZENS OF PEOPLE AND THOUSANDS OF ANIMALS STARVE TO DEATN ON A DAILY BASIS AMID INTERNATIONAL LACK OF ATTENTION.
		For the last five years the Ogden was a country ravaged by war and haunted by drought.
		On 30 March 2000, the Ethiopian Prime Minister Melez Zenawi, asked the international community for an urgent humanitarian aid and a long term aid to feed and rehabilitate eight million Ethiopians facing starvation in different parts of the empire-state of Ethiopia.
		In The Ogden, arbitrary detentions without charge or trial, torture of detainees to death, summary executions, gang raping of women, child molestation, looting and illegal confiscation of property are commonplace, and are daily practiced by the Ethiopian army and security forces with impunity.
	www.ogadenrights.org /year2000.htm (996 words)

	Whatever Happened To...The "Ogaden War"
		In 1977 and 1978, Somali forces invaded the Ogaden and attempted to incorporate the area into Somalia—but were badly beaten by Ethiopia's much larger, Soviet supplied armed forces.
		Somalia still claims the Ogaden, however, and the recent Ethiopian incursions followed claims by Somali irregulars that they planned to mount a new offensive there.
		The U.S. position is based on a decision made by the Organization of African Unity, by which the frontiers of African countries—inherited from the days of Western colonial rule—would be regarded as permanent and not subject to adjustments in accordance with the ethnic distribution of Africa's population.
	www.washington-report.org /backissues/020783/830207003.html (380 words)

	To Scramble The Horn of Africa
		In 1963, a fierce war was ignited in Ogaden, the Somali portion of Ethiopa.
		The Ogaden war was ignited once more in 1977 and the Somali army was making advances but the Soviets, East Germans, South Yemenis, Libyans and Cubans came to the rescue of their prince Mengistu Hailemariam.
		Once the PFDJ manages to ignite a war between Ethiopia and the Islamic Courts (the proverbial Ogaden war), armed Ormos elements are ready to infiltrate through Somalia and open a front in the rest of Southern Ethiopia.
	www.awate.com /artman/publish/article_4546.shtml (1234 words)

	Ethiopia Ethiopia's Border Politics
		The point at issue with Somalia was the Ogaden region, an area that Mogadishu claimed as part of the historical Somali nation that had been seized by the Ethiopians during the colonial partition of the Horn of Africa.
		The Ogaden War (1977-78) was the most serious border conflict between Ethiopia and Somalia.
		The intention was to separate the Ogaden from Ethiopia to set the stage for ethnic Somali in the region to decide their own future.
	www.country-studies.com /ethiopia/ethiopia's-border-politics.html (1064 words)

	Ethiopian Occupation Of Ogaden Region !!!!!!
		The history of the Somali Ogaden is often associated with a dark picture of war disaster, drought and famine.
		for example, The Ogaden Somalis have had several agreements with the British Empire, consequently, in 1896 an agreement was signed between the OGADEN CHIEF and her majesty the queen of the British Empire, Queen Victoria.
		That the OGADEN problem has been, and still is, the central cause of the Horn of Africa Conflict.
	www.angelfire.com /nf/ogaden/occup.html (1072 words)

	FMO Research Guide: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Ogaden war in 1977 with Ethiopia over the disputed Ogaden region (Lewis 1993) concluded with the defeat of Somali troops in 1978.
		The outcome of the civil war in Somalia's central regions was the destruction of the agricultural belt occupied by the Rahanweyn, Digil, Gosha, and other minority clans and communities (Lyons and Samatar 1994).
		The war in the south resulted in a huge displacement of people, an estimated third of the entire southern population (Amhed and Green 1999).
	www.forcedmigration.org /guides/fmo016/fmo016-6.htm (3032 words)

	Somalia - LINEAGE SEGMENTATION AND THE SOMALI CIVIL WAR
		As a result of its humiliating 1977-78 defeat in the Ogaden War with Ethiopia, the revolutionary regime began to founder (see The Ogaden War: Performance and Implications of Defeat, ch.
		A civil war began in the early 1980s with an armed uprising against the regime by Majeerteen clans (Daarood) in southern Somalia under the banner of the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF).
		The collapse of the Siad Barre regime in early 1991 led to interclan civil war that was continuing in 1992.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-11987.html (812 words)

	Self-declared Republic of Somaliland:
		In the past 9 years, many Somalis from the Ogaden were detained, tortured, their private properties confiscated and then handed over to the Ethiopian government against their will, in exchange for ammunition and other materials.
		Many of them were transferred to Baligubadle – a border village between the Ogaden and northwest Somalia – to prepare the ground for their hand over to the Ethiopian government against their will, in exchange for ammunition.
		On June 15th 2004, thirty-one Somalis from the Ogaden accused of being sympathisers and members of the ONLF have been brought before the regional court.
	www.ogadenrights.org /press_release15092005.htm (1591 words)

	Ethiopia: Famine, War, and Environmental Destruction - Is Nature to Blame
		The 1984 famine came after a protracted war in different parts of the Ethiopian empire: war with Ogaden, war with Eritrea and Tigray, war with other oppressed nations, war within the establishment, and the red terror against opposition groups.
		Today, the people who live in the areas where this demand is the strongest as in Ogaden and Oromia regions are facing famine.
		On top of all these, the war with Eritrea now in its third year is exacting massive burden on populations in Ethiopia.
	www.oromia.org /Articles/SeyoumHamesso.htm (1770 words)

	News, articles and press releases - Cote D'Ivoire: Military Junta declares State of Emergency
		The Ogaden war between Ethiopia and Somalia in the 1970s, the collapse of the Somali state in the 1990s, and the Ethiopian-Eritrean border conflict in 1998, have created some of the largest refugee movements in recent history prior to the Great Lakes disaster.
		It was during the border war that the Ethiopian army was increased to its present size of about 400,000, international diplomats in Addis Ababa told IRIN - the same size as under former communist-style dictator Mengistu Hailemariam.
		Political sources in Ethiopia told IRIN that the government was "almost Marxist" in its approach to the war with Eritrea, with the "massive concentration on morale-boosting political messages and propaganda".
	www.pdgs.org.ar /press/press-ethio.htm (5098 words)

	Somalia - SOMALIA'S DIFFICULT DECADE, 1980-90
		The Ogaden War of 1977-78 between Somalia and Ethiopia and the consequent refugee influx forced Somalia to depend for its economic survival on humanitarian handouts.
		This decision was impelled by the drought then ravaging the Ogaden and by a serious split within the WSLF, a number of whose leaders claimed that their struggle for selfdetermination had been used by Mogadishu to advance its expansionist policies.
		Although Siad Barre and Mengistu agreed to exchange prisoners taken in the Ogaden War and to cease aiding each other's domestic opponents, these plans were never implemented.
	countrystudies.us /somalia/27.htm (1242 words)

	The Head Heeb: How not to stop a war
		I don’t think prevention of a border war, laudable aim though it is, can necessarily be as strong a reason for recognition as it seems uncomfortably close to a form of political flmail.
		I think a Somaliland-Puntland war could be at least as destructive as the Ogaden war, much of which was fought by irregulars.
		That was fought under different conditions, there isn’t a Cold War to flare up proxy fighting in the same way by the USSR and other Eastern Bloc forces; and it would need other neighbouring states like Ethiopia to be drawn in.
	headheeb.blogmosis.com /archives/020469.html (2352 words)

	Confrence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Because the Ogaden is mostly populated by ethnic Somalians, an attempt to reclaim the territory was made in the 1970s by the Somali government of Barre.
		The ogadenians retaliated and combined with other groups to overthrow the Mengistu government which was followed by the Ogaden War of the 1970s.
		The Ogaden War and the ongoing Somali Civil War has created a serious refugee and displaced persons problem.
	www.infoxchange.net.au /ogaden/oraa.htm (447 words)

	AllRefer.com - Somalia - Sources of Opposition \| Somalian Information Resource
		However, Somalia's defeat in the Ogaden War signaled the beginning of a decline in Siad Barre's popularity that culminated in his January 1991 fall from power.
		After the war, it was evident that the ruling alliance among the Mareehaan, Ogaden, and Dulbahante clans had been broken.
		On November 19, 1989, the SNM and SPM issued a joint communiqué announcing the adoption of a "unified stance on internal and external political policy." On September 12, 1990, the SNM concluded a similar agreement with the USC.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/somalia/somalia114.html (3034 words)

	Somalia: The Fallen Sub-Saharan African Country
		The defeat of the Ogaden War and the break with the USSR was followed by a gradual increasing in links with the US.
		Economic difficulties were also increasing, as remittances of the Somalis working in the Gulf delinced in the aftermath of the Iran-Iraq war and then the conflict in the Persian Gulf region, and international support was also being reduced, as a result of concern over the regimes human rights record.
		He fled the country that was leaderless, which resulted in a large civil war with other clan (warlords), which ultimately resulted in the US operation restore hope in the early 1990s.
	www.american.edu /projects/mandala/TED/ice/SOMWAR.HTM (2965 words)

	FREE In-depth report - Introduction - Somalia
		Meanwhile, under pressure from its World War II allies, Britain returned the Ogaden to Ethiopia in 1948, to the dismay of Somalis because the majority of the inhabitants were Somalis.
		Following the Ogaden War, Siad Barre recognized that to gain Western support he needed to create a political system that would appear to restore many civil rights that had been eliminated by the military regime.
		The Ogaden blamed him for Somalia's defeat in the Ogaden War and opposed his 1988 peace treaty and resumption of diplomatic relations with Ethiopia.
	www.exploitz.com /Somalia-Introduction-cg.php (4924 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		August 9, 2006: Ethiopia and Somalia are about to go to war again, because of a dispute over a lot of semi-arid and thinly populated land (the Ogaden), and generations of ethnic and religious hatreds.
		The Ogaden was another matter, and it became something of a neutral zone.
		Another war was fought in 1977, and that one pretty much destroyed the Somali army.
	www.strategypage.com /htmw/htwin/articles/20060809.aspx (553 words)

	GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Africa - Somalia - Historical Highlights
		Following the overthrow of the Ethiopian Emperor in 1975, Somalia invaded Ethiopia in 1977 in a second attempt to regain the Ogaden, and the second attempt initially appeared to be in Somaliaâs favor.
		Following the 1977-1978 Ogaden war, desperate to find a strong external alliance to replace the Soviet Union, Somalia abandoned its Socialist ideology and turned to the West for international support, military equipment, and economic aid.
		Paranoid and weakened following the Ogaden war, the Barre regime violently suppressed opposition movements and ethnic groups, particularly the Issaq clan in the northern region, using the military and elite security forces to quash any hint of rebellion.
	www.geographyiq.com /countries/so/Somalia_history_summary.htm (2116 words)

	Ethiopia: Foreign Military Assistance ~a HREF="/et_00_00.html#et_05_03"
		Following the war, Britain, Sweden, Norway, Israel, and the United States assumed responsibility for training and equipping the Ethiopian armed forces.
		After a series of Somali armed incursions into the Ogaden ruptured already tense relations between Addis Ababa and Mogadishu, Cuban president Fidel Castro Ruz visited the Horn of Africa and urged the two countries to join in forming a regional federation that also would include South Yemen, an "autonomous" Ogaden, an "autonomous" Eritrea, and Djibouti.
		However, the continued presence of Cuban troops in the Ogaden enabled the Mengistu regime to redeploy many of its troops to northern Ethiopia.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/etsave/et_05_03.html (3699 words)

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