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	A rose for Ogoni 13 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		By the time the Ogoni Nine were executed in November 1995, Gen. Sani Abacha and his murderous henchmen were just then emerging from their lair and transmuting into rampaging demons that would unleash a wave of arson and point-blank assassinations.
		Indeed, so forsaken were the Ogoni Four, that it could be detected from the sub-text of the Saro-Wiwa campaigners that the Ogoni Four, who had met with brutal deaths, were somehow responsible for the fate of the Ogoni Nine, a bizarre culpability that further injured the memories of the Ogoni Four.
		In the case of the Ogoni Nine, the crux of the global fury was that they had not received a fair and just trial, having been arraigned and convicted under the provisions of the Civil Disturbances (Special Tribunal) Decree of 1987.
	nigerdeltacongress.com /articles/a_rose_for_ogoni_13.htm (1109 words)

	Nigeriaworld Feature Article - 'Presidential pardon' for Ogoni heroes and martyrs
		Basically the Ogoni people expect that the dialogue is a process of addressing the Ogoni Bill of Rights and injustice, horrific crimes and damages done including the miseries of Ogoni people caused by oil exploration and exploitation and gross neglect by the Federal and State Governments over the past years.
		Ogoni people explicitly censure and reject the draconian Land Use Decree of 1978 and strongly call for its immediate repeal, because it denies the resources producing communities their natural rights to ownership.
		Ogoni people will no longer accept the antiquated and defective equipment and substandard methods used by Shell in mining oil in Ogoni, that have over the years exposed the local people to eminent danger, diseases and mysterious death on daily bases.
	nigeriaworld.com /articles/2006/jun/061.html (2799 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Ogani in Nigeria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Ogoni leaders arrested in December are released and Saro-Wiwa's house arrest is lifted.
		The Council called for the restoration of democracy, the release of 19 Ogoni still in detention for the murder of four Ogoni chiefs in 1994, and the release of Ken Saro-Wiwa's body for proper burial.
		The release from prison of the Ogoni 20, detained since 1994 after the murder of four prominent Ogoni chiefs, appeared to have enlivened the spirit of the Ogoni.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=47504 (7951 words)

	page2
		Ken Saro-Wiwa, leader of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People, a harsh critic of the military regime and a candidate for the assembly, and thirteen other members of MOSOP, were charged with the murders and tried before a specially constituted military tribunal.
		The decision taken by the military government of Nigeria to execute the Ogoni Nine shocked the world and triggered a global re-evaluation of the impacts of corporate activity.
		Nine years after the killings, Ogoni, and other marginal communities in oil producing areas, remain poor and neglected, lacking such basic amenities as clean water, passable roads, schools, hospitals and clinics.
	www.kensarowiwa.com /page2.html (628 words)

	PROJECT underGROUND: Action Alert #15 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Ogoni Nine's only crimewas their success is exposing Shell oil's role in destroying their homeland,dismantling their communities, and killing their brothers and sisters.Since the Ogoni began a nonviolent campaign against oil destruction, over2,000 people have died at the hands of a military that is armed by and paidfor by Shell.
		The Ogoni 20 currently are: Elijan L Baadom, John Banatu, Ngbaa Baovi,Kagbara Bassee, Kale Beete, Friday Cburuma, Paul Deekor, Godwin Gbodor,Blessing Israel, Adam Kaa, Benjamin Kabari, Baribuma Kumanwe, Baritule Lebe,Taagalo Kmonsi, Nyieda Nasikpo, Sampson Ntiginee, Nwinbari A Papah, ZorzarPopgbara, Samuel A Sigha, and Babina Visor.
		The Ogoni 20 are supposedly being held in connection with the murders of 4Ogoni chiefs in Giokoo on June 21, 1994.
	www.moles.org /ProjectUnderground/alerts/ogoni20.html (944 words)

	A/51/538 Situation of Human Rights in Nigeria
		As in the case of the Ogoni Nine, there was a lack of due process during the course of the proceedings.
		Following the execution of the Ogoni Nine on 10 November 1995, the source expressed concerns that the 21 Ogoni activists could be unfairly tried and sentenced to death by the Civil Disturbances Special Tribunal, which it considers not to be independent and from whose decisions there is no right of appeal.
		Hundreds of Ogoni are reported to have been arrested or detained in May and June 1994 by the Rivers State internal task force and are alleged to have been kept in appalling conditions.
	www.un.org /documents/ga/docs/51/plenary/a51-538.htm (8920 words)

	Ogoniland: a genocide museum
		The Ogoni are a distinct ethnic group, numbering 500,000 and inhabiting the coastal plains terraces to the north of the Niger delta in south-east Nigeria.
		On 4th January 1993, the Ogoni situated their struggle in an international milieu when, in celebration of the United Nations year of the world's indigenous population, 300,000 Ogoni men, women and children staged a massive peaceful protest march against Shell's ecological war and the Nigerian government's denial to the Ogoni of all rights.
		Bribing a few Ogoni politicians who have sold their conscience for a mess of pottage to join the government in putting it out that the Ogoni struggle is violent and that MOSOP is a violent organisation, is cheap flmail.
	www.uib.no /isf/people/campaign/genocide.htm (3575 words)

	A final farewell for Nigeria's Saro-Wiwa - OnlineNigeria.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The dictatorship that ordered their deaths instructed that the grave not be marked and the families not be told where it was; gravediggers rolled over the whole area with construction equipment so there would be no clues as to where the bodies were buried.
		Last week, eight bodies believed to be eight of the Ogoni Nine were exhumed from an abandoned cemetery in Port Harcourt under the supervision of a forensic team from the international group Physicians for Human Rights.
		After the nine men were killed, MOSOP alleged that Shell was complicit in their deaths, a charge Shell flatly denies.
	www.onlinenigeria.com /adprint.asp?blurb=76 (772 words)

	No. 1601: Ogoni Nine To Get Presidential Pardon
		President Obasanjo who spoke on Saturday at the laying of the foundation stone of the Ogoni Memorial Monument in Bori, Khana local government of Rivers State, for the Ogoni 13 who died in the cause of the Ogoni struggle, said the Attorney General of the Federation was processing the request.
		Acknowledging that the travails of the Ogoni had become a metaphor for defining the tragedy of governance in the country, the president however said time had come for the Ogoni to mobilise towards achieving reconciliation so as to secure the future.
		Mathew Kukah as facilitator of the Ogoni peace process was deliberate to enable him follow up from what was left behind in the course of his work as member of the Oputa panel.
	www.utexas.edu /conferences/africa/ads/1601.html (2525 words)

	[No title]
		Ogoni demands include an end to the pollution caused primarily by the oil spills and gas flares of Royal/Dutch Shell.
		The Ogoni are also demanding a share of the oil revenues from their land.
		Ogoni is the land The people, Ogoni The agony of trees dying In ancestral farmlands Streams polluted weeping Filth into murky rivers It is the poisoned air Coursing the luckless lungs Of dying children Ogoni is the dream Breaking the looping chain Around the drooping neck of a shell-shocked land.
	www.ratical.org /corporations/CmurderProf.txt (2559 words)

	Oil workers and oil communities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In the Ogoni Nine case, an extensive international campaign against Shell, other oil companies active in Nigeria, and the Nigerian military government has emerged and appears to be growing.
		The Ogoni efforts to shut down Shell have had some success and have led to a situation in which coordinated shut-downs in two or more countries are on the agenda.
		Boele, Richard, Ogoni: report of the UNPO mission to investigate the situation of the Ogoni of Nigeria February 17-26, 1995.
	www.uoguelph.ca /~terisatu/Counterplanning/c3.htm (5805 words)

	BBC News \| AFRICA \| Nigerian Ogoni human rights hearings
		The hearings are being held in the southern city of Port Harcourt, and the thousands of petitioners include the son of the executed Ogoni activist, Ken Saro Wiwa.
		Ken Saro Wiwa was one of nine leading Ogoni activists executed in 1995 after the military convicted them of murder.
		The Ogoni people were calling for self-determination and accused the Shell oil company of colluding with the military authorities.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/africa/1130462.stm (161 words)

	Exhumations of Alleged Graves of Ken Saro-Wiwa and Ogoni Nine Nearing Completion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Port Harcourt, Nigeria - Exhumations of graves at the Brass Street Jail that are alleged to contain the remains of the "Ogoni Nine," eight activists executed in 1996 during the regime of the late General Sani Abacha, are nearly complete.
		The Ogoni Nine includes celebrated activist and playwright Ken Saro-Wiwa and the following individuals: Dr.Barinem Kiobel, Saturday Dorbee, Paul Levura, Nordu Eawo, Felix Nuate, Daniel Gboko, John Kpuine, and Baribor Bera.
		In the early 1990s, Ogoni activists, the first to protest against the unequal distribution of oil revenues in Nigeria, demanded billions of dollars in compensation and royalties from the oil companies for illnesses associated with oil spills and environmental pollution in the Niger River Delta.
	www.phrusa.org /research/forensics/nigeria/kensaro2.html (494 words)

	BBC News \| AFRICA \| Dispute over Ogoni activists' reburial
		The Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (Mosop) and the Wiwa family have exchanged a series of angry press releases, in a feud which appears to hinge on an invitation to foreign forensic experts to exhume the bodies.
		Forensic experts from the United States-based group Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) were invited to open the communal grave where the nine "Ogoni martyrs" were buried after being hanged by the military government of Sani Abacha in 1995.
		The nine activists were hanged after a show trial in which they were accused of murdering four Ogoni elders.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/africa/636695.stm (461 words)

	International Campaigns: Nigeria - Human Rights - Sierra Club
		The second anniversary of the judicial murder of the Ogoni 9 tagged" OGONI LIBERATION DAY'97" was successfully held in Ogoni on Nov.10, amidst a web of security network of the Rivers State Internal Security Task Force and other operatives that enveloped the entire Ogoni land with the sole aim of aborting the anniversary.
		Placards denouncing the roles of Shell and the Nigerian military junta in tjhe judicial murder of the Ogoni 9 and all those Ogonis who have been killed on the course of the MOSOP struggle were carried.
		Troops of the internal Security Task Force maintained patrols in virtually all Ogoni villages during the nights preceding the Nov.10 anniversary with the patrols intensified on the eve of Nov.10 thereby forcing most people indoors, an imposing an unofficial dusk to dawn curfew on the villages.
	www.sierraclub.org /human-rights/nigeria/mosop/anniversary.asp (811 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Ogoni environment is devastatedY[There are] A lot of respiratory diseases B high incidence of asthma, cancer, bronchitis and also some bizarre skin diseases and a high level of miscarriages which is quite different from other areas in Nigeria that are not producing oil.
		And the land Ogoni is a small place, about 404 square miles, 12 miles by 32, and large expanses of land that nothing grows on because of the oil spillages that have happened, because of oil blow outs, gas flares all over Ogoniland.
		The subsequent hanging of the Ogoni Nine then moved the Canadian clan to resist oil companies that operate poison gas plants on the boundaries of their farm.
	www.uoguelph.ca /~lbrownhi (7735 words)

	International Campaigns: Nigeria - Human Rights - Sierra Club
		Leader of MOSOP (the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People), Saro-Wiwa was hanged along with eight other political activists for inspiring widespread non-violent protest against Shell's devastating pollution (2).
		Ogoni is still under occupation and the bodies of the Ogoni Nine have still not been returned to their families.
		The continuing military presence, the unjust decrees which allow for military control and ownership of resources, the continued use of a military shield by Shell to continue their theft of resources, and the denial of the right to free speech and freedom of assembly, make the political situation far from democratic.
	www.sierraclub.org /human-rights/nigeria/mosop/delta.asp (1077 words)

	No. 1322: Ken Saro-Wiwa
		The activist contended that the Ogoni were subjected to pollution, forced relocation and industrial accidents as a result of Shell's oil operations.
		He further alleged that Abacha's treatment of the Ogoni grew out of support for Shell, and that the dictator and the multinational had common cause in keeping the Ogoni under the draconian control of Abacha's army.
		Following the execution of the "Ogoni Nine," Amnesty launched a program, in conjunction with the United States' Sierra Club, to address the human rights violations visited upon social activists around the world.
	www.utexas.edu /conferences/africa/ads/1322.html (2356 words)

	delta: Solidarity Statement
		The Ogoni are one of the few indigenous communities in the world to have forced a transnational corporation from their land by concerted and sustained non-violent direct action.
		We recognise the case of Ogoni and the Niger Delta as a classic example of the meeting of environmental and human rights, and of the growing abuse of these by corporate activity.
		We call for a quick resolution to the Ogoni refugee crisis through an immediate review of the welfare and security issues at the refugee camps, for the granting of asylum in safe countries, and for the creation of a democratic and safe environment in Ogoni for the refugees' return.
	www.essentialaction.org /shell/delta.html (1027 words)

	Easter in Erris - Indymedia Ireland
		Carried on the march were the white crosses which honour the Ogoni nine, and which are normally to be found across from the site in Ballinaboy where Shell would like to build their refinery.
		The Ogoni nine were opponents of Shell in Nigeria who were executed by the military regime there ten years ago.
		As is suggested by the crosses the event is intended to commemorate the Ogoni nine.
	www.indymedia.ie /article/75458 (621 words)

	Shell To Face US Lawsuit For Saro-Wiwa Execution
		Now the case of the "Ogoni Nine", as they became known, has come back to haunt the Dutch and British owners of Shell Nigeria.
		For years the Ogoni people, who live in the small but highly populated and formerly fertile Rivers State in Nigeria, waged an activists' war against a dictatorial state and multinational oil companies they accused of destroying their environment.
		The Ogonis, a minority ethnic group with little political clout, had no say then (or after independence in 1960) over oil activities that spawned more than 100 wells and, it is estimated, more than 3,000 oil spills.
	www.commondreams.org /headlines/091900-01.htm (1469 words)

	News -- Obasanjo to initiate dialogue between Ogoni, Shell
		The Ogoni leader also noted that while the people wanted such forum, the attitude of the firm had continued to inhibit the process.
		He alleged that the military men, whom he described as "instruments of oppression," had been involved in human rights violations and reiterated the demand of the Ogoni that they be withdrawn.
		The talks, he said, had collapsed because the management of Shell refused to apologise to the people for the afflictions they had been through during the military on account of their problem with the oil firm.
	odili.net /news/source/2004/nov/9/7.html (421 words)

	SEEN
		As nineteen who are still in jail today looked on, nine men died in the most gruesome way possible on the morning of November 10,1995, in the yard of Port Harcourt prison.
		Empowered and inspired by the Ogoni example, other communities in the Delta have been pressing their case.
		In defiance of a ban, thousands of people in the Delta - even in Ogoni - plan to rally on November 10th in remembrance of the Ogoni Nine.
	www.seen.org /pages/humanrights/nigeria/ken_legacy.shtml (686 words)

	EarthRights International - Remember Ken Saro-Wiwa
		November 10, 2006 is the 11th Anniversary of the death of the Ogoni Nine.
		They were executed for their peaceful efforts to defend the indigenous Ogoni people of Nigeria from human rights and environment abuses caused by oil extraction activities of Shell Nigeria.
		The National Union of Ogoni Students and the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), USA will be holding a Ken Saro Wiwa Memorial Protest and march in Washington, DC, on Friday, November 10th, 2006, at 11:00 a.m., Capitol Hill (West front lawn), Washington, DC.
	www.earthrights.org /related/remember_ken_saro-wiwa.html (223 words)

	foei: link magazine
		On the 10th of November, the fourth anniversary of the murder of Ken Saro-Wiwa and eight other Ogoni people, FoE Nigeria called for the trial of all those linked with their deaths.
		This includes the members of the tribunal who passed the death sentence on the basis of false evidence and the military parliament that approved the verdict.
		The group also demanded a public apology from the government and Shell Nigeria to the Ogoni people for the pain visited upon them and their land, and the immediate payment of the compensation recommended by a United Nations fact finding team for the families of the dead.
	www.foei.org /publications/link/91/e91apologies.html (179 words)

	BakuTODAY.net - Obasanjo urges peace in restive Ogoniland
		Human rights and environmental activist and writer Ken Saro-Wiwa was among nine Ogoni leaders killed in October 1995 on trumped up charges of instigating the murder of four other prominent Ogoni leaders whom his group, the Movement for the Survival of Ogoni People (MOSOP), had labelled as traitors to the Ogoni struggle.
		Describing the late Ogoni leaders as "gallant sons of Nigeria", Obasanjo urged their families to put their bitterness behind them so that their community could move forward.
		The Ogoni people, through the MOSOP founded by Saro-Wiwa, have been seeking local control of Nigeria's oil wealth as well as compensation for exploration activities in their region.
	www.bakutoday.net /view.php?d=21197 (621 words)

	CorpWatch : Nigeria: Shell Oil Spill Increases Tensions in Ogoniland
		The Ogonis deny any responsibility, and instead say Shell is trying to divert attention away from the real problem - how to ensure a proper and speedy clean-up of the spill.
		Relations between Shell and the Ogonis hit rock bottom in 1995, when the military government of the late Sani Abacha hanged nine Ogoni activists, including Ken Saro-Wiwa, leader of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People, Mosop.
		It says the Ogonis have denied it access to the infrastructure - the oil wells, the flow lines which bring crude oil to the flow stations, and the pipelines - all of which require routine maintenance.
	www.corpwatch.org /article.php?id=103 (689 words)

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