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Topic: Okushiri, Hokkaido

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	Hokkaido - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Hokkaido Template:Audio (北海道 Hokkaidō, literal meaning: "North Sea Route", Ainu: Mosir), formerly known as Ezo, is the second largest island and largest prefecture of Japan.
		Image:Sounkyo1.jpg Image:Hokkaido satellite image.JPG Hokkaido Island is located at the north end of Japan, near Russia, and has coastlines on the Sea of Japan, the Sea of Okhotsk, and the Pacific Ocean.
		Hokkaido is known for its cool summers (which attracts many tourists from other parts of Japan) and icy winters.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Hokkaido_prefecture (1346 words)

	Hokkaido - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Ishikari, second longest river of Japan, traverses W Hokkaido; its valley is an important urban and industrial region.
		Hokkaido is one of the major fishing centers of the world.
		Ethnic Tourism in Hokkaido and the Shaping of Ainu Identity.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-hokkaido.html (630 words)

	Hokkaido Guide - Getting to Hokkaido
		It is possible to enter Hokkaido by air, train or sea.
		Hokkaido Domestic flights can be arranged to all the above air terminals and can help travel the large distances more quickly for those on a tight schedule.
		The main ports in Hokkaido are Hakodate, Otaru, Muroran, Tomakomai and Iwanai.
	www.hokkaidoguide.com /general/getting_to_hokkaido.php (663 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Hokkaido
		The main port of E Hokkaido and the island's only ice-free trading port, it exports timber, fish, and coal.
		A major port and Hokkaido's main commercial and industrial center, Otaru is the site of the Asarigawa Spa and the Otaru Aquarium.
		44,416), Hokkaido prefecture, E Hokkaido, Japan, on the Sea of Okhotsk and the Abashiri River, lying on the Abashiri plain.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Hokkaido (569 words)

	PropertyRisk Reference Center
		The Hokkaido Nansei-oki Earthquake (offshore of southwestern Hokkaido Island, Japan) had a magnitude (Mw) of 7.8, similar to the 1923 Great Tokyo (Kanto) Earthquake, which had a magnitude of 7.5 to 8.0.
		As is typical in mountainous terrain, the earthquake caused hundreds of landslides throughout Okushiri Island and on Hokkaido.
		The Hokkaido Nansei-oki Earthquake has refuted many previous beliefs, however, and whether or not the bay is vulnerable to tsunami remains to be seen.
	www.propertyrisk.com /refcentr/hokkaido.htm (2630 words)

	CCALMR Results: International Workshop on Long-Wave Runup Models
		The Hokkaido Nansei-Oki tsunami of July 12, 1993 is simulated using the specified bathymetric and initial condition data.
		The northern coastline of Hokkaido (above the latitude of the northern tip of Okushiri) is impacted primarily by the generated wave of the northern source, and the southern Hokkaido coastline (below the latitude of Aonae) is impacted primarily by the wave generated from the southern source.
		The two waves "wrap around" the island of Okushiri, one from the north and the other from the south, and meet at the center of the eastern coast of the island.
	www.ccalmr.ogi.edu /benchmarks/friday-harbor/ccalmr-results.html (4362 words)

	Tsunami Devastates Japanese Coastal Region
		A view of tsunami damage from the east of Aonae, a small town on the island of Okushiri, which is in the Sea of Japan, east of Hokkaido.
		This report is a collaborative effort pooling 281 measurements by seven of the survey teams; 158 around the island of Okushiri and 93 along the western coast of Hokkaido.
		The eastern side of Okushiri Island was less affected, where the tsunami runup was between 2 and 5 m.
	nctr.pmel.noaa.gov /okushiri_devastation.html (1813 words)

	ITIC :: About tsunamis :: Photo gallery :: IUGG 2003 Okushiri Field Trip ::
		This field trip visited Usu Volcano, where mudflows and uplift from an eruption in 2000 caused extensive damage, Okushiri Island, where the July 12 1993 southwest Hokkaido earthquake caused devastating tsunami damage, and Uchiura Bay, where deposits from a volcanic tsunami in the 17th century are preserved.
		Usu volcano (Hokkaido) is one of the most active volcanoes in Japan and was formed on the southern rim of the Toya Caldera around ten thousand years ago.
		Okushiri is a small island located about 20 km west of Oshima Peninsula, southwestern Hokkaido, Japan.
	ioc3.unesco.org /itic/categories.php?category_no=178 (350 words)

	Killer Wave! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Field survey documented the maximum wave height to be 31.7 meters in a small valley on Okushiri Island.
		The loss of lives in this event was a great tragedy, but it is clear that both warning technology and community education greatly reduced the number of casualties.
		Okushiri clear demonstrated that the impact of tsunamis can be reduced.
	nees.orst.edu /IT/info/Okushiri.htm (144 words)

	Extreme Inundation Flows During the Hokkaido-Nansei-Oki Tsunami
		These extreme values are the largest recorded in Japan this century [Hokkaido Tsunami Survey Group, 1993; Shuto and Matsutomi, 1995] and are among the highest ever documented for non-landslide generated tsunamis.
		Overall, for this extreme tsunami event the SW model appears adequate for modeling runup heights, suggesting that wave breaking and bottom friction are apparently not important to first-order for predicting inundation.
		For reference, the leading N-wave close to the shoreline [Tadepalli and Synolakis, 1995&1996] has a O (1km) wavelength, and therefore the computations shown range from 3-4 points per wavelength for the 450m grid to 20 points per wavelength for the 50m grid.
	nctr.pmel.noaa.gov /titov97.html (2915 words)

	Okushiri, Hokkaido - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		As of 2004, the town has an estimated population of 3,708 and a density of 25.93 persons per km².
		The tsunami struck within five minutes of the earthquake.
		Animation of Okushiri tsunami from the Tsunami Research Center at USC
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Okushiri,_Hokkaido (134 words)

	mirai33's Xanga Site
		Hokkaido is the northern most island in Japan.
		Hokkaido is blessed with the most magnificent natural beauty in Japan.
		Hokkaido was almost exclusively inhabited by the Ainu until mainlanders began settling in the southwest region during the Edo era(1603~1867).
	www.xanga.com /mirai33 (1350 words)

	CSA - Discovery Guides
		The earthquake was located at a depth of 10 to 15 km with its epicentre about 55 km from the west coast of Hokkaido, and some 75 km north of the small offshore island of Okushiri.
		Indications are that the fault ruptured southwards, passing close to the west of Okushiri Island.
		Most of the loss of life occurred on Okushiri Island as a result of the tsunami, but there was also loss of life due to tsunami on the coastal areas of western Hokkaido and on the Pacific Coast of Russia.
	csa.tsinghua.edu.cn /discoveryguides/tsunami/abstracts-fcat3.php (1390 words)

	Japan, Russia on tsunami alert - Turkish Daily News Nov 16, 2006
		Initially, Hokkaido officials had issued predictions of a tsunami 1 to 2 meters high.
		Authorities on the Russian island of Sakhalin said the quake struck near uninhabited islands at the center of the Kurile chain, which stretches northeast from Hokkaido to the Kamchatka peninsula.
		Hokkaido residents reported feeling little to no shaking from the earthquake, but authorities stopped trains in the eastern part of Hokkaido.
	www.turkishdailynews.com.tr /article.php?enewsid=59317 (652 words)

	Geologic Hazards Slides, Volume 3 - Landslides, Tsunamis, and Volcanoes
		The eastern side of Okushiri Island appeared to be sheltered from the waves, and the measured tsunami runup was between two and five meters.
		Tsunami and fire damage SE Okushiri Is. A view of tsunami and related fire damage on southeast Okushiri Island in the community of Aonae.
		Scattered debris at Aonae, Okushiri Is. Debris scattered by the tsunami at Aonae, Okushiri Island.
	www.ngdc.noaa.gov /seg/cdroms/geohazards_v3/document/648003.htm (1989 words)

	Planet Ark - Small Waves Hit Japan after Quake Sparks Tsunami Alert
		Initially, Hokkaido officials had issued predictions of a tsunami 1 to 2 metres high.
		Authorities on the Russian island of Sakhalin said the quake struck near uninhabited islands at the centre of the Kurile chain, which stretches northeast from Hokkaido to the Kamchatka peninsula.
		Television footage of deserted harbours along Hokkaido's eastern coast showed boats patrolling the water but otherwise the areas appeared calm.
	www.planetark.org /avantgo/dailynewsstory.cfm?newsid=39020 (617 words)

	Hazard Slides
		On July 12, 1993, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake occurred off the west coast of Hokkaido and the small offshore island of Okushiri in the Sea of Japan.
		Debris scattered by the tsunami at Aonae, Okushiri Island.
		Most of the homes on Okushiri are framed in wood and the debris trail largely consisted of wood, roofing materials, and personal effects scattered randomly about the inundation area.
	www.ngdc.noaa.gov /seg/hazard/slideset/27/27_slides.shtml (1479 words)

	Site 29
		Site 29 was on the island of Okushiri and was really only 20 or so miles off the west coast of Hokkaido in the Sea of Japan.
		So it was necessary after the seas calmed a bit to summon the LCN landing barge to haul the freight and then the passengers to shore.
		He is probably the Mayor of Okushiri now or at the very least an Alderman who enjoys posing for the camera.
	po8.com /det45/nm/29 (624 words)

	Hokkaido-Nansei-Oki Benchmark (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		As a part of our research on Cascadia Subduction Zone tsunamis, we are investigating tsunamis elsewhere, to obtain insights on the mechanisms of generation, propagation, and inundation, and to assess modeling methodologies.
		The 1993 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki tsunami has been particularly interesting, because of the relative abundance of field data.
		Myers, E.P., A.M. Baptista, and Y. Wang, (1993), "Non-linear Inversion of Tsunami Waveforms: Diagnostic Analysis for the 1992 Nicaragua and 1993 Hokkaido Tsunamis", EOS Trans.
	www.ccalmr.ogi.edu /benchmarks/friday-harbor/problem4 (330 words)

	Tsunami animations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		In 1993, a rapid series of earthquakes under the Sea of Japan caused a devastating tsunami on the islands of Okushiri and Hokkaido.
		Hokkaido is the large island on the right, and Okushiri is the small island in the center.
		On May 22, 1960, an incredibly powerful earthquake, with an estimated magnitude of 9.5, struck along the coast of Chile.
	www.nbb.cornell.edu /neurobio/land/DXVW/sections/tsunami.html (108 words)

	Operation Usuzan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		At the same time flashbacks of similar disasters in Japan from the Okushiri, Hokkaido, earthquake, Kagoshima flood, Hachinohe earthquake, Niigata earthquake, Nasu flood and the mother of them allthe Kobe earthquake sparked my memory with scenes of unforgettable damage to property and human souls.
		As we prepared to board the train, we were informed that we could go only part of the way and we would have to find our own way as the tracks had been damaged.
		There, we faced another nightmare moving the supplies up and down stairs, again with the kind help of the JR staff and passersby, we loaded our bundles onto a vehicle to go to the soon-to-be-deserted area.
	www.kennyjoseph.com /Information/Operation.htm (960 words)

	Asian Tsunami Imagery
		At 2217 local time (1317 UTC), the Ms-7.8 quake rocked the west coast of Hokkaido and the small, offshore island of Okushiri in the Sea of Japan, generating a major tsunami.
		Tsunami vertical runup measurements varied between 15 and 30 m over a 20-km portion of the southern part of Okushiri Island, with several 10-m values on the northern portion of the island.
		Along the west coast of Hokkaido, no survey values exceeded 10 m, but damage was extensive at several coastal towns.
	www.globalsecurity.org /eye/andaman-pix2.htm (1751 words)

	Numerical Simulation of 1993 Southwest Hokkaido Earthquake Tsunami around Okushiri Island (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The validity of the model was tested with the existing laboratory data of dispersive wave trains breaking on a slope.
		The model was then applied to the simulation of the 1993 Southwest Hokkaido earthquake tsunami around the southern part of Okushiri Island.
		Comparison with the physical model demonstrates that it is the dispersion of the wave front which caused focusing of the wave energy at the narrow region on the lee side of the island, consequently increasing the tsunami height.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?9604741 (154 words)

	How do earthquakes generate tsunamis? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		This simulation (2 MB) of the 1993 Hokkaido earthquake-generated tsunami, developed by Takeyuki Takahashi of the Disaster Control Research Center, Tohoku University, Japan, shows the initial water-surface profile over the source area and the subsequent wave propagation away from the source.
		Areas in blue represent a water surface that is lower than the mean water level, while areas in red represent an elevated water surface.
		The initial water-surface profile, as shown in this image, reflects a large, long uplifted area of the sea floor lying to the west (left) of Okushiri Island, with a much smaller subsided area immediately adjacent to the southwest corner of Okushiri.
	www.geophys.washington.edu /tsunami/general/physics/earthquake.html (234 words)

	Hokkaido — Infoplease.com
		All Nippon Airways and Hokkaido International Airlines will begin joint operations.
		Songs of laughter and lament: our karaoke-loving editor in chief visits Hokkaido to find out why the old folk style of Esashi oiwake......
		Shadai Stallion Station in Hokkaido has bought the Kentucky Derby and Preakness winner War Emblem for 17 million dollars.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0823952.html (583 words)

	[No title]
		TOKYO, Nov 15 (Reuters) - Small tsunami waves hit Japan's northernmost island late on Wednesday after a major quake in the north Pacific triggered a full-scale tsunami warning for areas of northern Japan and Russia's sparsely populated Kurile islands.
		An initial tsunami of 40 cm (16 inches) came ashore near Nemuro on the Pacific coast of Hokkaido island, just before 10:00 p.m.
		Hokkaido officials had urged hundreds of households to move to higher ground after initial predictions of a tsunami 1 to 2 metres high.
	today.reuters.com /News/CrisesArticle.aspx?storyId=SP230495 (642 words)

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