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Topic: Old European cultures

Related Topics

Lengyel culture

Old European cultures

Vinca culture

Linear Ceramic culture

Kurgan

Cucuteni culture

Paleolithic Continuity Theory

Old Europe

Marija Gimbutas

Human migration

Neolithic

Maglemosian

4000 BCE

5th millennium BC

Leleges

	Pre-Indo-European - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Orange is the Lengyel culture, purple the Vincha culture, red the Cucuteni culture and yellow the western part of the Yamna culture.
		Old Europe is a term coined by Marija Gimbutas to describe what she perceives as a relatively homogeneous and widespread pre-Indo-European Neolithic culture in Europe.
		Old Europe, or Neolithic Europe, refers to the time between the Mesolithic and Bronze Age periods in Europe, roughly from 7000 BCE (the approximate time of the first farming societies in Greece) to ca.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Old_European_culture (1104 words)

	The Virtual Pomegranate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		From 1963 to 1989 Marija Gimbutas taught Baltic and Slavic studies and was Professor of European Archaeology at the University of California, Los Angeles where she was instrumental in establishing the Institute of Archaeology and Indo-European studies.
		Old European cultures were replaced by such hybrid societies as the Baden, Ezero, Cernavoda and Globular Amphora.
		Gimbutas saw the Old European cultures as egalitarian, primarily peaceful, with a wealth of artistic expression that reflected a sophisticated veneration of the cycles of life, death, regeneration (which she called Goddess); the transition to androcracy took place after the 5th millennium B.C. Keller and Gimbutas are accused by Hayden of resembling "born again" fundamentalists.
	chass.colostate-pueblo.edu /natrel/pom/old/POM10a2.html (4636 words)

	The Virtual Pomegranate (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the European Neolithic, fortified sites were often at the top of local settlement hierarchies indicating at the very least the existence of political hierarchies, while their sheer size (up to 300 hectares) and complexity indicates centralized political control by elites (Scarre 1984: 242, 335; Milisauskas and Kruk 1989; Anthony 1995; Demoule and Perles 1993).
		In addition to these general indications, there is recurring evidence of human sacrifice both in the PPNB cultures of the Middle East and in the heart of the Old European cultures (Cauvin 1994: 120-2; Marinatos 1993: 102, 136; Sakellarakis and Sapouna-Sakellaraki 1981).
		Suffice it to say the old concepts of both peaceful "Old Europeans" and warlike "Indo-European speaking invaders" have been challenged on the basis of what is found in their burial or dwelling sites (as well as on theoretical grounds).
	chass.colostate-pueblo.edu /natrel/pom/old/POM6a1.html (8254 words)

	Joan Marler: The Beginnings of Patriarchy in Europe
		Cultural changes were the result of destabilization, complex movements, fusions, overlays, and ideological and technological transformations that took place over two thousand years resulting in the entrenchment of patriarchal institutions.
		Once Old European societies were destabilized and seeded with Kurgan or kurganized elements, social, ideological, economic and material changes spread through both external and internal dynamics resulting in the intensification and entrenchment of patriarchal patterns.
		While pure copper metallurgy was practiced in Old European Copper Age societies, alloys of copper and arsenic, copper and tin, and copper with arsenic-tin were developed in the Circum-Pontic region during the second half of the 4th millennium BC.
	www.belili.org /marija/marler_article_02.html (6116 words)

	PRE-INDO-EUROPEANS : Encyclopedia Entry
		Regardless of specific chronology, many European Neolithic groups share basic characteristics, such as living in small-scale, presumably egalitarian, family-based communities, subsisting on domestic plants and animals supplemented with the collection of wild plant foods and with hunting, and producing hand-made pottery, that is, made without the potter's wheel.
		Archaeologists seem to agree that the culture of the early Neolithic is relatively homogeneous, compared both to the late Mesolithic and the later Neolithic.
		Their reasoning is first, that the spread of the Neolithic toolkit is more likely to occur through demic diffusion than through cultural diffusion, and second, that a sedentary population relying on domesticated plants and animals will grow much faster than a nomadic, foraging population.
	bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/Pre-Indo-Europeans (1533 words)

	Old European Script - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Vinča culture appears to have traded its wares quite widely with other cultures (as demonstrated by the widespread distribution of inscribed pots), so it is possible that the "numerical" symbols conveyed information about the value of the pots or their contents.
		The primary advocate of the idea that the markings represent writing, and the person who coined the name "Old European Script", was Marija Gimbutas (1921-1994), an important 20th century archaeologist and premier advocate of the notion that the Kurgan culture of Central Asia was an early culture of Proto-Indo-Europeans.
		She observed that neolithic European iconography was predominantly female—a trend also visible in the inscribed figurines of the Vinča culture—and concluded the existence of a matristic (not matriarchal) culture that worshipped range of goddesses and gods.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Old_European_Script (1684 words)

	Green Earth Foundation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Since it is a tradition that goes back to paleolithic times, the cultures of the hunter-gatherers, there is every reason to suppose that the shamanism of the aboriginal Europeans would also be consistent in its main features with the surviving shamanic traditions.
		One example of a wide-spread mythic transformation metaphor is "death-and-rebirth", in which the dying of the old self is followed by an intermediate period and then the rebirth of a new identity.
		Indeed the entire trajectory of European culture, with its relentless pursuit of knowledge in its many forms, seems in some way related to the figure of this truth-seeking wandering god, his Greek counterpart Hermes, and such legendary wizard figures as Faust and Merlin.
	www.greenearthfound.org /books_well-intro.html (5020 words)

	MetaHistory
		What we now understand as undercurrents of Old European religion, persisting beneath the Indo-European overlay, went unrecognized and were typically characterized as "mysterious", "obscure", "very old", "minor deities", or even as "an older generation of gods".
		Presumably this reflects a demolition of the old nature-cults by the Achaeans.
		With the expansion of Christianity, the suppression of the old pagan nature religions and the oppression of women took a sharp upswing, culminating in the Inquisition, in which, according to some estimates, as many as 6 to 9 million witches were exterminated, the majority of them pagan women.
	www.metahistory.org /SkyGodsAndEarthDeities.php (6828 words)

	PBS: Accordion Dreams - Cultures Of Music And Dance
		European song styles and music from northern Mexico were combined to create conjunto, a musical form unique to Texas.
		The polka of today has slowed down quite a bit from its European beginnings with the dancers' feet shuffling more than being picked up--possibly to accommodate dancing in the heat in Texas as compared to the cooler northern European countries it originated in.
		At one time, German immigrants were the majority European ethnic population in Texas, but their presence has decreased throughout the years.
	www.pbs.org /accordiondreams/cultures (1130 words)

	Migration Health References: Migration, human trafficking, human rights, migration, refugees, modern slavery, ...
		Lack of awareness of Southeast Asian cultural practices is quite significant, even though the United States experienced three major waves of Southeast Asian immigration during the past 20 years (Takeuchi, and Young, 1994).
		Based on the effect size and the previously established relationship between communication and susceptibility to tobacco and alcohol use, it was determined that the intervention effect could be translated into a future 5 to 10% decrease in susceptibility for these smaller families.
		A culturally sensitive family-based intervention for migrant Hispanic youth was found to be effective in increasing perceived parent-child communication in families with fewer children.
	www.old.iom.int /iomwebsite/Health/ServletSearchMigrationHealth?event=search&keyWord= (5383 words)

	The Karanovo Zodiac and Old European Linear
		Old Europe was extremely rich in iconographic, totemistic representational and symboling structures, [35] yet with the Karanovo Zodiac we are faced with a modern, near-scientific renderly of the illusory phenomenon of the ecliptical zodiac.
		From the growing collection of Old European Linear inscriptions a sequential constellation map, or zodiac, has been discerned, which may imply that possible astronomical significance or calendrical values are contained in other inscribed examples of Old European Linear.
		I believe future investigations of Old European Linear should not concern themselves solely with what eventual effects the script had on subsequent writing systems, but should rather concentrate on what notation, iconographic, and calendar or zodiac symbols preceded and at some point, became the Old European Linear script.
	www.flavinscorner.com /kz2.htm (3074 words)

	Old European Tongues Flourish in Revival of Regional Cultures
		Old European Tongues Flourish in Revival of Regional Cultures
		This is one of the more intriguing side effects of a uniting Europe: as national boundaries fade within the 15-member European Union, more political power flows to Brussels and more countries beg to join the group, local cultures and languages are reasserting their strength.
		The council says that of the 500 million or so Europeans, more than 50 million speak a local language that is not their country's official tongue.
	sun.soci.niu.edu /~phildept/Kapitan/language.html (1015 words)

	10.02.96 - Five Years of American Cultures
		It has been five years since the campus instituted the American Cultures requirement, a move that made news on the front pages of the nation's leading newspapers and continues to reverberate in the educational community.
		The faculty studied the problem and in 1989 the American Cultures Breadth Requirement was born.
		To keep the success of the American Cultures requirement from becoming old news, a day-long session, "American Cultures: After Five Years," will be held Oct. 9 in the Maude Fife Room of Wheeler Hall from 9 a.m.
	www.berkeley.edu /news/berkeleyan/1996/1002/cultures.html (919 words)

	About the American Studies Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Even the old European notion that citizens of the U. speak “bad English” or only “American slang” has lost some ground, and the variety of methodological and theoretical approaches as well as that of subject matter in the field of American Studies has never been greater.
		European scholars in the field sympathized with their American colleagues, but they never felt threatened, and the explanation for that difference in attitudes, then as now, is simple but profound in its impact.
		European, like most other international American Studies scholars, more often than not find it difficult to gain access to suitable U. media resources and use them in their teaching.
	www.georgetown.edu /crossroads/AmericanStudiesAssn/newsletter/current/Holbling.htm (1640 words)

	EU news: An Independent View from European Voice
		OLAF, the European Commission’s anti-fraud office, is examining allegations that firms which benefited from EU funding may have resorted to bribery in Lesotho.
		THE European Liberals strongly reject the Franco-German proposal for a full-time president of the European Council with executive powers as “this threatens the institutional balance in the EU”.
		Hodza’s contribution to EU Rastislav Blasko’s appeal for the enlargement of European integration history, to include the European federation vision of former Czecho-Slovak prime minister from the 1930s, Dr Milan Hodza, is considerable (Letters, 16-22 January).
	www.europeanvoice.com /archive/issue.asp?id=344 (2056 words)

	The Individualist: Indo-European languages
		Sredny Stog, Dnieper-Donets and Samara cultures, domestication of the horse.
		4000 - 3500: The Yamna culture (prototypical kurgan-building) emerges in the steppe, and the Maykop culture in the northern Caucasus.
		The Scythians supplant the Cimmerians (Srubna culture) in the Pontic steppe.
	www.dadamo.com /wiki/wiki.pl/Indo-European_languages (2192 words)

	Wheeling Symphony Orchestra to present concert at the Cultural Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The concert is part of a Cultural Center showcasing showcasing performers from throughout the state.
		The concert is being sponsored by the West Virginia Division of Culture and History and the Wheeling Symphony Orchestra.
		The West Virginia Division of Culture and History, an agency of the West Virginia Department of Education and the Arts, brings together the state’s past, present and future through programs and services in the areas of archives and history, the arts, historic preservation and museums.
	www.wvculture.org /agency/press/wheelingsymphony.html (414 words)

	How Have American Historians Viewed the Frontier?: "Meeting of Frontiers" Conference (European Reading ...
		The frontier took the settler with his European dress and manner and "stripped off the garments of civilization" The frontier was initially too strong for the man; eventually the man was able to transform the wilderness.
		Its pop culture manifestation was probably the long running TV series, "Little House on the Prairie." There was some dissent to Turner.
		Others said that European influences were much stronger in shaping the American character than the frontier.
	www.loc.gov /rr/european/mofc/whitehead.html (1903 words)

	Mythinglinks / Europe: Old Europe
		Finding her evidence in a meticulous study of Old Europe's unique pottery and sculpture, and combining the tools of archaeology, comparative mythology, linguistics, and folklore, Gimbutas developed a new interdisciplinary field: archaeomythology.
		During the last few years of his life, Joseph Campbell spoke frequently of Marija Gimbutas, profoundly regretting that her research on the Neolithic cultures of Europe was not available during the 1960's when he was writing The Masks of God.
		The non-Indo-Europeans of Old Europe, the proto-Indo-Aryans, and all the rest of the issues related to this field are intricately interlocked and bewildering.
	www.mythinglinks.org /euro~west~oldeurope.html (1200 words)

	University of Glasgow :: School of Modern Languages and Cultures :: Postgraduate Taught :: European Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This course aims to equip students with a broad knowledge of modern developments in European critical thought and to provide them with the opportunity to study selected areas of European literatures and cultures in depth through a combination of taught courses and supervised independent study.
		The programme commences with an introductory core course in contemporary European thought focussing on Marx, Nietzsche, Freud and their successors as key elements.
		To be considered for entry to the course, applicants must have a good Honours degree (2.1), or the equivalent, in a relevant subject.
	www.gla.ac.uk /smlc/postgraduatetaught/european (218 words)

	Celtic Cultural History
		Old European (matricentric) Cultures and IndoEuropean (patriarchal) Cultures
		My research has taught me that the "Celts" are a diverse group of people, who moved and settled over vast distances, sharing some important things in common but also differing greatly from one group of "Celts" to the next.
		The development of Starcevo-Körös-Cris [Starcevo-Koros-Cris] culture in parts of the Carpathian Basin is followed by Bandkeramik pottery in Hungary, Austria and adjacent regions of the Danube Basin, after about 5700 cal BC or thereafter, implying either a moratorium on expansion, or a very gradual, but continued spread along the Upper Danube River and its tributaries.
	www.goddessmystic.com /PathActivities/MatricentricCultures/celtic-history.shtml (1118 words)

	UW-Milwaukee: Archaeological Research Laboratory - Old World Archaeology Program
		The "Landscape of Ancestors" project directed by Professor Arnold in southwest Germany provides experienced undergraduates and graduate students who are interested in Old World archaeology with an opportunity to participate in on-going excavations and analysis of material from sites in the vicinity of the early Iron Age Heuneburg hillfort.
		Recent and on-going Masters and Ph.D. thesis projects in Old World archaeology range from a study of ushabti figurines at the Milwaukee Public Museum and their significance in understanding temporal and regional variation in ancient Egypt to an analysis of soapstone vessels from the Byzantine/Islamic site of Ayla/Aila (Aqaba) in Jordan.
		Several graduate students are working on projects relating to the Celtic cultures of the British Isles, including a study of changing gender configurations due to Romanization in the territory of the Brigantes as reflected in mortuary contexts in southern England, and a comparative analysis of four Arras culture cemeteries.
	www.uwm.edu /Dept/ArchLab/oldworld/index.html (432 words)

	event_history
		The Old Scots Burying Ground is the site where, in 1692, a group of Scottish exiles built a small log church, on what was then known as "Free Hill." In December of 1706, the first recorded Presbytery meeting in North America took place on Free Hill, where the Rev.
		The Boyd Monument at Old Scots Burying Ground is the 102-year-old replica that Smith was proposing.
		In many European cultures and in parts of Louisiana this is a time to feast and party before the serious season of Lent.
	www.oldtennentchurch.org /Newsletter/event_history.html (12966 words)

	European Studies Home (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Euro is emblematic of a new Europe, one that has become a major force not only in world politics but in the ever-evolving cultural landscape of the new millennium.
		The study of European cultures provides students with a unique understanding of the complex mosaic that is today’s Europe.
		Students who minor in European Studies focus on different aspects of European culture, language, literature, film, politics, geography, philosophy, and history.
	www.odu.edu /al/europe (275 words)

	Comment Magazine - "Lessons from Old Europe" by Jonathan Chaplin
		Yet even though most Canadians would denounce this particular French policy as emphatically as would Americans, Canadians have always been more receptive to European insights, and for obvious reasons: Canada was formed out of the engagement between two old European cultures, and many new Canadians continue to deepen their European ties.
		He was persuaded that European society of the 1830s was moving inexorably toward the condition of social equality which had already been widely realized in America.
		The principal feature constraining European tyranny, he concluded, was the existence of powerful intermediate bodies, "secondary powers," whose traditional privileges established a sphere of right, immune to state intervention, which constituted natural checks on the exercise of government power.
	www.wrf.ca /comment/article.cfm?ID=62 (2417 words)

	Fall 2006 ESA events
		The European Studies Alliance calendar comprises all events sponsored by its member centers: the European Union Center of Excellence (EUCE), the Center for European Studies (CES), the Center for German and European Studies (CGES), and the Center for Interdisciplinary French Studies (CIFS).
		The European Studies Alliance is the umbrella group for the
		The European Studies Alliance is part of the International Institute at the UW-Madison
	www.europeanstudiesalliance.org /calendar.htm (636 words)

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