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Topic: Old Norse poetry

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	Old Norse poetry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Old Norse poetry encompasses a range of verse forms written in a number of Nordic languages, embraced by the term Old Norse, during the period from the 8th century to as late as the far end of the 13th century.
		A significant amount of Old Norse literature that survives was preserved in Iceland.
		Old Norse poetry is characterised by alliteration, a poetic vocabulary expanded by heiti, and use of kennings.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Old_Norse_poetry (568 words)

	Poetry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The oldest epic poetry besides the Epic of Gilgamesh are the Greek epics Iliad and Odyssey and the Indian epics Ramayana and Mahabharata.
		Later poets and aestheticians often distinguished poetry from, and defined it in opposition to, prose, which was generally understood as writing with a proclivity to logical explication and a linear narrative structure.
		The rejection of traditional forms and structures for poetry that began in the first half of the twentieth century, coincided with a questioning of the purpose and meaning of traditional definitions of poetry and of distinctions between poetry and prose.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Poetry.htm (7276 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Iceland
		Old Norse poetry, like all ancient Germanic poetry, is alliterative, but, whereas Old English as well as Old High German poetry is written in the epic long line, Old Norse poetry is strophic.
		Poetry continued in the old forms, but its content was chiefly religious.
		After the fourteenth century the chief form of Icelandic poetry were the rimur, narrative poems in ballad style, the content of which was drawn chiefly from older sagas.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/07615b.htm (4894 words)

	Old Norse Online
		Old Norse may be succinctly characterized as the "language of the vikings".
		Old Norse and the West Germanic languages also show the pervasive traces of umlaut, which is absent in Gothic.
		Old Norse is a catch-all term for Old Icelandic, Old Norwegion, Old Swedish, Old Danish, and Old Gotlandic, though it is often used as a synonym for Old Icelandic because the majority of documents come from this region.
	www.utexas.edu /cola/centers/lrc/eieol/norol-0-X.html (1858 words)

	English poetry Summary
		The oldest poetry written in the area currently known as England was composed in Old English, a precursor to the English language that is not something a typical modern English-speaker could be expected to be able to read.
		Much of the poetry of the period is difficult to date, or even to arrange chronologically; for example, estimates for the date of the great epic Beowulf range from AD 608 right through to AD 1000, and there has never been anything even approaching a consensus.
		The British Poetry Revival was a wide-reaching collection of groupings and subgroupings that embraces performance, sound and concrete poetry as well as the legacy of Pound, Jones, MacDiarmid, Loy and Bunting, the Objectivist poets, the Beats and the Black Mountain poets, among others.
	www.bookrags.com /English_poetry (5801 words)

	Poetry (Norway - the official site in the UK)
		Poetry also played an important role in building the fledgling Norwegian nation at the beginning of the 19th century.
		Poetry remains a popular genre in Norway today, and many contemporary writers consciously employ lyricism as a mode of expression to enhance the resonance and musicality of their works.
		While contemporary Norwegian poetry in general demonstrates a great fascination with reality, it is difficult to gather the great diversity in style and forms of expression of today’s poets under a single standard.
	www.norway.org.uk /culture/literature/poetry/poetry.htm (474 words)

	Viking Answer Lady Webpage - Poetry in Scandinavia and the North
		Norse poetry, although also derived from an oral tradition, in turn is very different from the Finnish runo.
		A kenning is a riddling reference to one item or concept which does not name it directly, but rather suggests it by the elliptical way in which the subject is spoken of, which causes the listener or reader to visualize the intended concept.
		Norse poetry was an oral art form, and meant to be spoken and listened to.
	www.vikinganswerlady.com /meters.shtml (1634 words)

	Old Norse language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Old Norse, the language of the Vikings, is a North Germanic language once spoken in Scandinavia, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Greenland, and in parts of Russia, France and the British Isles.
		The modern language most closely related to Old Norse is Icelandic, the written form of which has changed little over the years, while the spoken form has undergone significant changes.
		Between 800 and 1050 AD a division began to appear between East Norse, which developed into Swedish and Danish, and West Norse, which developed into Norwegian, Faroese, Icelandic and Norn, an extinct language once spoken in Shetland, Orkney, and northern parts of Scotland.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/oldnorse.htm (284 words)

	Heathen Harvest - Fallow Fields: The Solar Woman and Lunar Male
		Throughout the body of Old Norse poetry, the sun is consistently referred to as "she" and the moon as "he." This contradicts, somewhat, a notion of the solar man and lunar female which recurs throughout Western literature, language, mythology and folklore.
		As a side note on Old Norse literature, the Voluspá is traditionally the first of the poems to be encountered in the so-called "Poetic Edda." This is a medieval era manuscript collection of Norse mythic poems, many in a fragmentary state.
		The “Prose Edda” is also a major source for what is known of Old Norse myth, but in it, Snorri continually defers to more ancient poems (some of which haven’t survived) and leaves his indelible stamp of authorship on several of the stories related.
	www.heathenharvest.com /article.php?story=20060826081954436 (1365 words)

	OLD NORSE POETRY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Since the stress is almost exclusivly on the first syllable in old norse it is not a problem there, but in other langauges it is important to think of this.
		he stress is always on the first syllable of a word in old norse, but in a sentence stress is put only on some words.
		In old norse poetry, though, lines were ordered into verses like the ones above, and each verse like this one contained one sentence.
	hem.passagen.se /peter9/gram/l_dikt.html (1691 words)

	Egil's Bones (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		JESSE L. is professor of Old Norse and medieval Scandinavian studies at the University of California, Los Angeles.
		Old Norse poetry was a game of puzzles, which, once the rules are understood, supplies us with critical information.
		The crucial factor is that the poetry, which may be the oldest element in the saga, independently corroborates the specifics about the bone by giving different details.
	www.viking.ucla.edu /Scientific_American/Egils_Bones.htm (3258 words)

	Boydell & Brewer Ltd
		This is the first book in English to deal with the twin subjects of Old Norse poetry and the various vernacular treatises on native poetry that were a conspicuous feature of medieval intellectual life in Iceland and the Orkneys from the mid-twelfth to the fourteenth centuries.
		She is concerned throughout to link indigenous theory with practice, beginning with the pre-Christian ideology of poets as favoured by the god ódinn and concluding with the Christian notion that a plain style best conveys the poet's message.
		Old Norse myths and legends usually distinguish clearly between creatures of This World (gods and human beings) and those of the Other (giants, giantesses, dwarves, prophetesses, monsters and the dead).
	www.boydell.co.uk /vik1a.htm (331 words)

	Kenning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Kenning is derived from the Old Norse word "kenna" - to know, perceive.
		It is a device used very frequently in Old English and Old Norse poetry, in which a compound, oftentimes indirect term is used to replace a common one: "whale-way" for the sea, "wave-horse" for a ship, "bone-house" for body, "heath-walker" for stag, "shoulder-companion" for a sword.
		Old English is known for the directness of its speech, so it should be remembered that kennings were mostly employed by scops during performance, and not by the average woman or man during everyday conversation.
	www.octavia.net /anglosaxon/Kenning.htm (94 words)

	Lamson Library
		Old Norse Literature And Mythology; A Symposium, Edited By Edgar C. Polomé
		Norse Mythology, Legends Of Gods And Heroes, By Peter Andreas Munch, In The Revision Of Magnus Olsen.
		Old Norse Court Poetry : The Dróttkvaett Stanza
	www.plymouth.edu /library/opac/search/Norse (169 words)

	Yggdrasil
		In Norse mythology, Yggdrasil (actually Yggdrasill [ÀàygÀådrasil:]; the extra -l is a nominative case marker) also sometimes called Mimameid or Lerad was the "World tree", a gigantic tree, thought to connect all the nine worlds of Norse cosmology.
		The gallows are sometimes described in Old Norse poetry as the "horse of the hanged." Another interpretation of the name is "terrible horse", i.
		Other apparent parallels between Norse Mythology and Judaism: Tree of Life connecting the Heavens and the Earth (Yggdrasill), the slaying of the most innocent and his ressurection (Baldr and Odin), the defeat of evil at the final battle at Armageddon (Ragnarok) and the creation of a new Heaven and a new Earth.
	www.sfcrowsnest.com /scifinder/a/Yggdrasil.php (1057 words)

	The Norse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Study of Old Norse texts is especially informative about early Germanic culture because the Scandinavians were converted to Christianity much later than the East and West Germanic peoples (around 1000 CE).
		Norse mythology could be used as ornamental material in Scandinavian poetry without offense, much as pagan Greek and Roman mythology was used by the deeply religious John Milton to ornament his Christian epic, Paradise Lost.
		The early Norse poems are consistent, in striking detail, with each other and with Snorri's general survey, so they cannot have been much affected by Christianity.
	www.brown.edu /Departments/Medieval_Studies/russom/norse.html (849 words)

	Formal Features of Jónas Hallgrímsson's Poetry: I. Strophic Forms
		Skaldic poetry was composed in extremely elaborate types of strophes, is almost always attributed to named poets, and can be regarded as a species of occasional poetry that was produced to celebrate memorable events or to be recited on important contemporary occasions.
		It is the immediate descendant of the older stichic poetry and has enjoyed uninterrupted currency in Iceland for a thousand years, from the days of the Scandinavian settlement in the ninth century until the late nineteenth century, when its practice more or less lapsed.
		Structural alliteration ceases to be a feature of Norwegian poetry in the 13th century and of English in the 15th, killed off by the influx of rhymed verse from the south.
	www.library.wisc.edu /etext/Jonas/Prosody/Prosody-I.html (4405 words)

	Old Norse-Icelandic Studies - English - The University of Sydney
		Professor Margaret Clunies Ross, McCaughey Professor of English Language and Early English Literature (Old Norse mythology; Old Norse-Icelandic poetry and poetics; Old Icelandic treatises on poetry, especially the Edda of Snorri Sturluson; the reception of Old Norse poetry after the Middle Ages); see also under Anglo-Saxon Studies and Medievalism.
		Current research projects: (with international team) preparation of a new edition of the corpus of Old Norse skaldic poetry; research and writing of a book on Old Norse poetry and poetics; research and writing of a book on the Old Norse literature of fantasy.
		Kate Heslop, ARC-funded Research Assistant on Clunies Ross project on the Old Norse literature of fantasy; recently awarded a PhD for a thesis on Old Icelandic skaldic poetry in sagas of Icelanders, supervisor Clunies Ross.
	www.arts.usyd.edu.au /departs/english/research/groups/oldnorse.shtml (374 words)

	Introductions to Loki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		In fact, nowhere in Old Norse texts is there a mention of Loki and Óðin being blood-brothers.
		Of course, this oath bears no similarity to that of the Old Norse foster-brother relationship, and that cannot be taken as its meaning.
		Finally, in addition to Loki's presence in the ancient Norse literary traditions, he is also present in a few magickal poems and charms, ranging from heathen to medieval, and even industrial times.
	loki.ragnarokr.com /Introductions/loki-intro.html (2547 words)

	The Annotated Bagme Bloma
		(column on the right) apparenly written by ear by a scribe using Old High German spelling conventions, perhaps as late as the 10th century; and one, *slaíhta, is attested as a loanword in Provençal (esclet) and Italian (schietto).
		Tolkien´s reconstructed Gothic cognate for English "brown", is used here for "shining", as of polished metal, as the Old English and Old Norse forms of this word sometimes are.
		There are a few examples of a noun phrase split by a verb in the Gothic corpus, and the device is also used in Old English and Old Norse poetry.
	www.oe.eclipse.co.uk /nom/bagme.htm (700 words)

	The Poetry of the Skalds
		The poetry of the vikings often seems odd and stilted to the modern speaker of English.
		One might feel that this is primarily due to its "losing something in the translation" from Old Norse, and it is true that the original beauty of the poetry is hard to translate; but the causes of its unique sound are much more fundamental.
		Rather, it was written as a style manual, demonstrating several different methods of poetry construction as well as providing source material for later re-tellings of the old legends.
	www.zianet.com /egil/nonfiction/skaldicpoetry.html (1470 words)

	Talk:Old Norse poetry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There is an article (and a very good one, IMO) under development, Alliterative verse, which overlaps Old Norse poetry to a considerable degree.
		It is important as an example of runic writing and as evidence of language development, but not as poetry.
		My idea was to point to the possibly earliest known sample: If the stanza is correctly identified, it would be a very important example of Old Norse poetry, since it would be the oldest record by far (the Edda was written down some 400 years later).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Old_Norse_poetry (319 words)

	A Companion to Old Norse-Icelandic Literature and Culture - Book Information
		This major survey of Old Norse-Icelandic literature and culture demonstrates the remarkable continuity of Icelandic language and culture from medieval to modern times.
		The Post-Medieval Reception of Old Norse and Old Icelandic Literature: Andrew Wawn (University of Leeds).
		He is the author of Studies in Ragnars saga loðbrókar and its Major Scandinavian Analogues (1991) and Chaucer and the Norse and Celtic Worlds (2005), and has translated Kormáks saga for the Penguin Sagas of Warrior-Poets (2002).
	www.blackwellpublishing.com /book.asp?ref=0631235027 (381 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2000.08.27
		Wolf Dietrich, "The Singing of Albanian Heroic Poetry" (83-94), is disappointing, being a description of a brief single expedition during which Dietrich recorded two singers in the vicinity of Lezha.
		Joseph Harris, "The Performance of Old Norse Eddic Poetry: A Retrospective" (225-32) is a brief and competent discussion of what to conclude about the performance of Eddic poetry, with a useful survey of the available sources.
		Precisely when so much attention is payed to the question of Homeric performance it is exciting to be told of melody and instruments, and from this point of view the volume will serve as a reminder to classicists not to jump to easy conclusions about the sound of Homer.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2000/2000-08-27.html (2479 words)

	P Y H Ä
		Óðinn is a god of poetry and if we wish to become like him, or have any regard for our linguistic culture, we should give poetry our attention.
		Poetry is the soul of all remembered emotions and aspirations and so it speaks to the future and the past.
		Long before the first rune was carved, there was poetry, the original magic spell.
	ensiokataja.blogspot.com (1663 words)

	Yale > Renaissance Studies > About the Faculty
		Roberta Frank is the author of Old Norse Court Poetry (1978) and some fifty articles on aspects of Old English and Old Norse literature and culture.
		She is co-editor of Computers and Old English Concordances (1970) and A Plan for the Dictionary of Old English (1973), and editor of The Politics of Editing Medieval Texts (1991).
		She has supervised to completion twenty-five doctoral theses, on subjects ranging from the workings of skaldic poetry to a comparative study of the poetics of the Old English lament and the African-American Blues Song.
	www.yale.edu /renstudies/frank.html (226 words)

	The Poetry House
		During this period, poetic culture in England was multilingual, and poetry was composed in Old English (formerly known as Anglo-Saxon), Anglo-Latin and Old Norse.
		To the non-expert, Old English very much comes across like a foreign language: both the structure and the vocabulary of the language are sufficiently different from those of modern English to make a text look entirely unfamiliar.
		For many students of Old English, the attraction of this poetry lies precisely in the fact that meaning has to be teased out and discovered slowly, step-by-step.
	www.thepoetryhouse.org /Petryrooms/uk_oldenglish.html (1269 words)

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