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Topic: Oligodendrocyte

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	Oligodendrocyte - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A single oligodendrocyte can extend to up to 50 axons, wrapping around approximately 1 mm of each and forming the myelin sheath.
		Oligodendrocytes, as well as other macroglial cells (astrocytes and ependymal cells), are derived from neuroectoderm.
		As part of the nervous system they are very closely related to nerve cells and like all other glial cells the oligodendrocytes have a supporting role towards neurons and are intimately involved in signal propagation, providing the same functionality as the insulation on a household electrical wire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oligodendrocyte (256 words)

	oligodendrocyte - multiple sclerosis encyclopaedia
		Oligodendrocytes, also known as oligodendroglia, belong to a class of cells in the central nervous system known as glial cells.
		Oligodendrocytes are responsible for producing a fatty protein, called myelin, which insulates axons, the long extensions of nerve cells (neurons).
		Oligodendrocytes mature from stem cells called O-2A progenitor cells which can be purified and grown in large numbers in cell cultures outside the human body.
	www.mult-sclerosis.org /oligodendrocyte.html (495 words)

	Netrin 1 mediates spinal cord oligodendrocyte precursor dispersal -- Tsai et al. 130 (10): 2095 -- Development
		on biasing oligodendrocyte precursor migration and 58% of the
		migration of oligodendrocyte precursor is impaired in the spinal
		the migration of oligodendrocyte precursors from the ventral
	dev.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/130/10/2095 (6436 words)

	Glial cell - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The only notable differences between neurons and glia, by modern scrutiny, are the ability to generate action potentials and the polarity of neurons, namely the axons and dendrites which glia lack.
		Oligodendrocytes are cells that coat axons in the central nervous system (CNS) with their cell membrane, called myelin, producing the so-called myelin sheath.
		The view is based on the general deficiency of the mature nervous system in replacing neurons after an insult or injury, such as a stroke or trauma, while very often there is a profound proliferation of glia, or gliosis near or at the site of damage.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Glial_cells (1312 words)

	Biology of Oligodendrocyte and Myelin in the Mammalian Central Nervous System -- Baumann and Pham-Dinh 81 (2): 871 -- ...
		NI-35/250 proteins are transmembrane proteins enriched in mammalian myelin CNS and oligodendrocytes (105).
		oligodendrocytes of the cerebellum arise postnatally from the
		of endogenous oligodendrocyte progenitors and the subsequent myelination
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/81/2/871 (9929 words)

	The erbB2 gene is required for the development of terminally differentiated spinal cord oligodendrocytes -- Park et al. ...
		OPCs and oligodendrocytes purified from rat forebrain mixed glia were cultured for 2 d in PDGF and bFGF to study OPCs, or for an additional 2 d in the absence of these growth factors (in the presence of N2 additives) to study O4+ oligodendrocytes.
		Ensheathment of neurites by oligodendrocytes is deficient in the absence of erbB2
		Oligodendrocyte precursors originate at the ventral ventricular zone dorsal to the ventral midline region in the embryonic rat spinal cord.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/154/6/1245 (8066 words)

	Robert Miller, Ph.D. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the CNS develop from precursors that arise in distinct locations within the embryonic neural tube.
		Precursor cells capable of giving rise to oligodendrocytes persist in the adult CNS and we are using a variety of approaches to determine whether these endogenous cells can be recruited to enhance repair of damaged white matter in the adult CNS.
		Transplantation of oligodendrocyte precursors and sonic hedgehog results in improved function and white matter sparing in the spinal cords of adult rats after contusion.
	neurowww.cwru.edu /faculty/miller (773 words)

	Rat Optic Nerve Oligodendrocytes Develop in the Absence of Viable Retinal Ganglion Cell Axons -- Ueda et al. 146 (6): ...
		Oligodendrocytes populate the optic nerve in the absence of viable axons.
		oligodendrocytes in the absence of viable axons, retinas of
		Oligodendrocyte progenitors are generated throughout the embryonic mouse brain, but differentiate in restricted foci.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/146/6/1365 (5585 words)

	Inhibition of Oligodendrocyte Apoptosis by Sublytic C5b-9 Is Associated with Enhanced Synthesis of Bcl-2 and Mediated ...
		Inhibition of Oligodendrocyte Apoptosis by Sublytic C5b-9 Is Associated with Enhanced Synthesis of Bcl-2 and Mediated by Inhibition of Caspase-3 Activation -- Soane et al.
		Inhibition of Oligodendrocyte Apoptosis by Sublytic C5b-9 Is Associated with Enhanced Synthesis of Bcl-2 and Mediated by Inhibition of Caspase-3 Activation
		Blakemore, W. Observations on oligodendrocyte degeneration, the resolution of status spongiosus and remyelination in cuprizone intoxication in mice.
	www.jimmunol.org /cgi/content/full/163/11/6132 (5443 words)

	Myelin Oligodendrocyte Gene Polymorphisms and Childhood Multiple Sclerosis -- OHLENBUSCH et al. 52 (2): 175 -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		outermost myelin lamellae and the oligodendrocyte plasma membrane.
		Johns TG, Bernard CCA 1997 Binding of complement component C1q to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein: a novel mechanism for regulating CNS inflammation.
		Brown J, Hinks L, Thompson RJ 1998 Lack of association of a TaqI polymorphism of the human myelin oligodendrocyte gene with multiple sclerosis in a population of patients from the Southampton area.
	www.pedresearch.org /cgi/content/full/52/2/175 (3746 words)

	OLIGODENDROCYTE DIFFERENTIATION IN NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Oligodendrocytes are terminally differentiated cells that produce the myelin membrane that is essential for normal neuronal function.
		Clearly loss of oligodendrocytes and/or myelin in pathological conditions has a significant impact on neuronal function, both developmentally and in the adult.
		Macklin will discuss oligodendrocyte differentiation in mutant and normal mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) driven by promoter elements from the myelin proteolipid protein gene.
	www.asso.univ-paris5.fr /ewcbr/ANGLAIS/EWCBR2004/Session1.htm (238 words)

	Oligodendrocyte survival, loss and birth in lesions of chronic-stage multiple sclerosis -- Wolswijk 123 (1): 105 -- ...
		The density of the immature oligodendrocyte population in the
		Scolding N, Franklin R, Stevens S, Heldin C-H, Compston A, Newcombe J. Oligodendrocyte progenitors are present in the normal adult human CNS and in the lesions of multiple sclerosis.
		Wolswijk G. Oligodendrocyte regeneration in the adult rodent CNS and the failure of this process in multiple sclerosis.
	brain.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/123/1/105 (5500 words)

	Oligodendrocyte - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Oligodendrocytes (from Greek literally meaning few tree cells), or oligodendroglia (Greek, few tree glue)(Ragheb 1999, p.
		A single oligodendrocyte can extend to about a dozen axons, wrapping around approximately 1 mm of each and forming the myelin sheath.
		Although they are part of the nervous system and very closely related to nerve cells, like all other glial cells the oligodendrocytes have a supporting role towards neurons and are probably not involved in signal propagation themselves.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Oligodendrocyte (245 words)

	Children's Hospital Boston - Investigators
		The overall hypothesis is that neuregulin mediated signals are necessary both at early, prior to terminal differentiation, and late stages of oligodendrocyte development including myelination.
		Cells within the oligodendrocyte lineage respond to neuregulins by activating members of the erbB receptor tyrosine kinase family (erbB2,3,4) which function as signal transducing heterodimers.
		Sonic hedgehog signaling is required during an early phase of oligodendrocyte development in the mammalian brain.
	www.childrenshospital.org /research/mrrc/investigators/vartanian (944 words)

	Chronic Stage Multiple Sclerosis Lesions Contain a Relatively Quiescent Population of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells ...
		Oligodendrocyte precursor cells were identified using a combination of the O4 antibody (Sommer and Schachner, 1981
		The presence of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in MS lesions was examined in a series of 22 distinct demyelinated lesions
		density of the oligodendrocyte precursor population in a lesion
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/18/2/601 (5189 words)

	Thyroid hormone activates oligodendrocyte precursors and increases a myelin-forming protein and NGF content in the ...
		Thyroid hormone activates oligodendrocyte precursors and increases a myelin-forming protein and NGF content in the spinal cord during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis -- Calza et al.
		Thyroid hormone activates oligodendrocyte precursors and increases a myelin-forming protein and NGF content in the spinal cord during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
		Thyroid hormone is essential for normal oligodendrocyte maturation and myelination (16, 27).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/99/5/3258 (4034 words)

	Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Enrichment in the Connexin32 Null-Mutant Mouse -- Melanson-Drapeau et al. 23 (5): 1759 -- ...
		Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Enrichment in the Connexin32 Null-Mutant Mouse -- Melanson-Drapeau et al.
		Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Enrichment in the Connexin32 Null-Mutant Mouse
		a subset of nestin+/NG2+ progenitors to an oligodendrocyte lineage
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/23/5/1759 (6380 words)

	Enhancement of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation from Murine Embryonic Stem Cells by an Activator of gp130 Signaling -- ...
		With IL-6R/IL-6, the size and thickness of the oligodendrocyte branches increased markedly and myelin membranes were formed (see in panels C, D, and F).
		oligodendrocyte lineage [41] and is a transcription factor acting
		Expression levels measured by RT-PCR are shown for GFAP (astrocyte lineage), for Olig-1 and Sox10 (early oligodendrocyte progenitors), and for MBP (oligodendrocyte maturation), versus the housekeeping gene G3PDH as control for RNA loading.
	stemcells.alphamedpress.org /cgi/content/full/22/3/344 (4956 words)

	Normal timing of oligodendrocyte development from genetically engineered, lineage-selectable mouse ES cells -- Billon ...
		(B) The cultures were stained with anti-neurofilament antibodies to identify neurons (green), with O4 antibody to identify oligodendrocyte lineage cells (red) and with bisbenzimide to identify cell nulei (blue).
		Effects of thyroid hormone on embryonic oligodendrocyte precursor cell development in vivo and in vitro.
		Development of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells studied with a monoclonal antibody against galactocerebroside.
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/115/18/3657 (6043 words)

	The Structure & Function Of Myelin Oligodendrocyte GlycoProtein
		The structure of this key AutoAntigen suggests a relationship between the dimeric form of MOG within the Myelin sheath and a breakdown of Immunological Tolerance to MOG that is observed in Multiple Sclerosis.
		Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) is an Ag present in the Myelin sheath of the CNS thought to be targeted by the AutoImmune T-Cell response in Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
		Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) is a quantitatively minor component of CNS Myelin whose function remains relatively unknown.
	thjuland.net /mog.html (1152 words)

	Oligodendrocyte definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Oligodendrocyte: A type of cell in the central nervous system.
		The oligodendrocytes surround and insulate the long fibers (the axons) through which the nerves send their electrical messages.
		The term "oligodendrocyte" comes from the fact that through a microscope the cell's projections looked like the sparse branches of a tree.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=7787 (189 words)

	Oligodendrocyte-Specific Expression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef in Transgenic Mice Leads to Vacuolar ...
		Tg oligodendrocytes were less numerous than non-Tg oligodendrocytes.
		a significant increase in the proportion of O4-stained oligodendrocytes
		Tg and non-Tg mice and that Tg oligodendrocytes exhibit a deficit
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/77/21/11745 (5404 words)

	HLA class II transgenic mice authenticate restriction of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-specific immune response ...
		Kerlero de Rosbo, N., Mendel, I. and Ben-Nun, A. Chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with a delayed onset and an atypical clinical course, induced in PL/J mice by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-derived peptide: preliminary analysis of MOG T cell epitopes.
		Mendel, I., Kerlero de Rosbo, N. and Ben-Nun, A. A myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide induces typical chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in H-2b mice: fine specificity and T cell receptor V beta expression of encephalitogenic T cells.
		Okuda, Y., Sakoda, S., Bernard, C. and Yanagihara, T. The development of autoimmune encephalomyelitis provoked by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is associated with an upregulation of both proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines in the central nervous system.
	intimm.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/15/4/535 (5721 words)

	Clinical Trial: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Culture From Human Brain.
		Clinical Trial: Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cell Culture From Human Brain.
		Recent developments in our understanding of stem- and progenitor cell differentiation raises hopes that brain damage in chronic neurological diseases may become repaired by systemic or focal transplantation of such cells.
		Clinical trials of stem- or progenitor cell transplantation in multiple sclerosis are currently premature.We develop protocol for Human Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell culture from Human Brain for treatment of Demyelinating disease.
	www.clinicaltrials.gov /ct/show/NCT00283023 (186 words)

	All Oligodendrocyte
		Myelin PLP antibody [plpc 1] - Oligodendrocyte Marker
		Predicted to react with Rat (85% identity with immunogen) due to sequence homology.
		Predicted to react with Human, Mouse and Rat due to sequence homology.
	www.abcam.com /?c=473 (760 words)

	Oligodendrocyte-specific protein (US6147191)
		Oligodendrocyte-specific protein and method for diagnosing and treating disease
		Buznikov, A. et al., "Cloning Of The Human Oligodendrocyte-Specific Protein (OSP) Homologue," Dept. Of Neurology And Pharmacology And The Brain Research Institute, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA-Abstract and Poster From Society For Neuroscience Meeting, Nov. of 1996.
		Schaeren-Wiemers, N. et al., "Identification of New Oligodendrocyte- and Myelin-Specific Genes by a Differential Screening Approach," Journal Of Neurochemistry, 65(1):10-22, 1995.
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US06147191__ (415 words)

	Injury - Medical Diagnosis, Medical Treatment, Medical Research - HURT911®
		It consists of a layer of proteins packed between two layers of lipids.
		Myelin is produced by specialized cells: oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system.
		Myelin sheaths wrap themselves around axons, the threadlike extensions of neurons which make up the nerve fibers.
	www.hurt911.org /page4.html (3986 words)

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