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Topic: Olonets Karelian

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Livvi

Karelian language

Ludic language

Mansi

Karelian Isthmus

Sergey Katanandov

Republic of Karelia

East Karelia

Finnish language

Lake Onego

Yamalia

Aunus expedition

Salpalinja

Continuation War

Junkers Ju 87

	Raija Pyöli Thesis
		The main purpose of the analyses is to explore the present state of Olonets Karelian and the degree of its russification.
		Young Karelian parents have little motivation to pass the minority language on to their children, mainly because of the high prestige of Russian as the language of education and social mobility.
		Olonets Karelian, despite the strong Russian influence, has preserved its basic structure, and the speakers are able to use it without fear of being categorized as 'semispeakers'.
	www.joensuu.fi /fld/russian/rpthesis.html (469 words)

	Karelian language
		Karelian is a dialect of, or a language closely related to, Finnish.
		It belongs to the Finno-Ugric languages, and is chiefly distinguished from standard Finnish by the lack of influence from modern 19th and 20th century Finnish.
		Attempts to standardize Karelian with a Cyrillic alphabet were unsuccessful, and today the Karelian republic (of the Russian federation) consider Karelian a dialect of Finnish, why Finnish is one of its official languages.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ka/Karelian_language.html (141 words)

	Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Karelian 2 - Meta
		This proposal is a re-opening of the old Karelian proposal, rejected during the reform of the language proposal process.
		Karelian is currently considered a distinct language from Finnish and it has a separate literature and orthography.
		Karelian proper, Livvi and Ludian are sometimes considered dialects of one language, sometimes separate languages.
	meta.wikimedia.org /wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Karelian_2 (628 words)

	Karelian language (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Karelian is spoken in the Russian Republic of Karelia, and also by some 5,000 speakers in Finland.
		The dialects spoken in the South Karelian Region of Finland, where many World War II refugees were re-settled, are considered to be part of the South Eastern dialects of the Finnish language.
		As it could also be argued Karelian should be considered separate from Finnish because of its geopolitical location within the boundaries of another state, a conclusion might be that Karelian has a similar relation to Finnish as has English to the Scots language.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Karelian_(language).htm (790 words)

	Karelika \| Olonets
		Olonets has a favourable geopolitic position, it is "the southern gate" of the Republic of Karelia, the sort of "crossroads" of roads to Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Petrozavodsk, Murmansk, and Finland.
		In 1708 Olonets became a part of the Ingermanland province, then was attached to the Novgorod province, in 1784 it became the district town of Olonetsky region ruled by governor-general, and since 1801 it was the district city of Olonetsky province.
		Olonets is the centre of agricultural district which supplies cities of the republic with milk, meat, potatos, and vegetables.
	www.karelika.ru /en/section.php?docId=7967 (508 words)

	Karelian language - ikiW
		Karelian is a variety closely related to Finnish, with which it is not necessarily mutually intelligible.
		Karelian belongs to the Finno-Ugric languages, and is distinguished from standard Finnish by some important extensions to the phonology and the lack of influence from modern 19th and 20th century Finnish.
		Karelian is spoken in the Russian Republic of Karelia, and also by some 5,000 speakers in Finland.
	ikiw.net /en/Karelian_language (452 words)

	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire
		The Karelians in the Novgorod region live in the district of Valdai and there are Karelians in the district of Lodeinoye Polye in the region of St. Petersburg.
		This Karelian language, which used the Cyrillic alphabet, was introduced to the Karelians in the Karelian ASSR and Tver region in 1938--39.
		The written language in the Karelian ASSR was Russian or Finnish, and Russian in Tver and elsewhere in Russia.
	www.eki.ee /books/redbook/karelians.shtml (2193 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Karelian language
		The dialects spoken in the South Karelian Region of Finland, where many World War II refugees were re-settled, are considered to be part of the South Eastern dialects of the Finnish language.
		The dialect spoken in the Karelian Isthmus before World War II and the Ingrian language are also seen as part of this dialect group, in Finland sometimes denoted as Karelian dialect.
		As it could also be argued Karelian should be considered separate from Finnish because of its geopolitical location within the boundaries of another state, a conclusion might be that Karelian has a similar relation to Finnish as has English to the Scots language.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Karelian_language (883 words)

	The Karelians
		The Karelians of Karelia live chiefly west of the St. Petersburg-Murmansk railway line in the Karelia their administrative centre is Petrozavodsk or Petroskoi.
		The Tver Karelians inhabit areas west of Moscow where, they have enclaves in the districts of Likhoslavl, Spirovo, Rameshkovo and Maksatikha (in the 1960s they numbered approximately 90,000--100,000) A large group of Karelians lives in the districts of Vesyegonsky, Sandovo and Brusovo (in the 1960s approximately 20,000).
		Karelian belongs to the North group of the Baltic-Finnic language, with the closest related language being Finnish.
	russia.rin.ru /guides_e/4996.html (592 words)

	Karelia. Tourism portal \| Regions of Karelia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The first record of Olonets is in the Charter Deed of Novgorod Duke Svjatoslav Olgovitch (1327), but several researchers of Scandinavian sagas still connect Olonets with Alaborg city first mentioned in "Saga of Halvdan, the Eistein’s son".
		The Olonets fortress lost its importance in 1721 when the border with Sweden was moved to the North.
		Olonets National Prilukin Museum possesses a large collection of authentic items, which can surely be interesting for people keen on traditional way of life and national art.
	ticrk.ru /en/settlement_8160.html (551 words)

	The Karelians (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Karelians of Karelia live chiefly west of the St. Petersburg-Murmansk railway line in the Karelia their administrative centre is Petrozavodsk or Petroskoi.
		The Tver Karelians inhabit areas west of Moscow where, they have enclaves in the districts of Likhoslavl, Spirovo, Rameshkovo and Maksatikha (in the 1960s they numbered approximately 90,000--100,000) A large group of Karelians lives in the districts of Vesyegonsky, Sandovo and Brusovo (in the 1960s approximately 20,000).
		Karelian belongs to the North group of the Baltic-Finnic language, with the closest related language being Finnish.
	www.russia.rin.ru /guides_e/4996.html (592 words)

	Many Karelias — Virtual Finland
		At that time the Karelians lived scattered across a broad area stretching from the southeast corner of present-day Finland eastwards to the Karelian isthmus, and in the north from the northern edge of Lake Ladoga to Lake Onega and on to the shores of the White Sea.
		North Karelian attempts to strengthen the sense of a Karelian identity have drawn on the Orthodox faith and the traditions of Border Karelia just across the border to the east, while South Karelia has seen itself as heir to the economic and cultural heritage of Viipuri and its hinterland.
		Karelian settlement in pre-revolutionary Russian Karelia was divided between the provinces of Archangel in the north and Olonets in the south.
	virtual.finland.fi /finfo/english/karjala.html (3285 words)

	The Dispatch - Serving the Lexington, NC - News
		Olonets Karelian (East Karelian, Livvi) is the variety of Karelian language spoken by Olonets Karelians, traditionally inhabiting the area of the Olonka River.
		After Finland was forced to cede large parts of Karelia to the USSR after the war, the Finnish Olonets Karelian population was resettled in Finland.
		Olonets Karelian long remained relatively uninfluenced by the Russian language despite the influx of Russians following the founding of Saint Petersburg in 1703.
	www.the-dispatch.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Olonets_Karelian (139 words)

	Karelia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Karelian Isthmus belongs to the Leningrad Oblast.
		Tver Karelia denotes the villages in the Tver Oblast that are inhabited by Karelians.
		The Karelian language is spoken in the Republic of Karelia and also in the Tver Karelian villages.
	www.knowledgehunter.info /wiki/Karelia (844 words)

	Karelia
		Olonets (Russian: Олонец, Finnish: Aunus) is a centre of the Olonets Raion of Republic of Karelia, Russia.
		Olonets Raion is a subdivision (raion) of the Republic of Karelia, Russian Federation.
		Petrozavodsk (Петрозаво́дск) or Petroskoi (in Karelian/ Finnish) is the capital of the Russian Republic of Karelia, with a population of 282,900.
	www.shortopedia.com /K/A/Karelia (1083 words)

	Consonant Gradation Encyclopedia Article @ Shoulda.org (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Karelian consonant gradation is quite similar to Finnish, as a result of the two being closely related languages.
		Thus, the Olonets Karelian equivalent of Finnish vanhemmat (> vanhempi 'older') is vahnembat.
		The Karelian phoneme inventory also includes the affricate /tʃ/ (represented in the orthography as č, which may be found geminated and is such subject to quantitative gradation: meččä 'forest' → mečäššä 'in (the) forest'.
	www.shoulda.org /encyclopedia/Consonant_gradation (1958 words)

	Karelia Info - Bored Net - Boredom (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Karelian language is by Finns usually considered a dialect of Finnish, as it differs only slightly from Finnish language.
		Others, for instance many foreign linguists and some people in Estonia and Russia, consider the Karelian variety a language of its own, similarly to how the dialects of Ingria by Finns usually are considered dialects of Finnish-proper, but in Estonia often considered languages of their own, and also similarly to Meänkieli.
		Reflecting the three areas East of Finland where Karelians to the early 20th century had remained relatively uninfluented by the influx of Russians (following the founding of Saint Petersburg in 1703).
	www.borednet.com /e/n/encyclopedia/k/ka/karelia.html (588 words)

	Karelian language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Karelian is official considered a dialect of Finnish in Karelia, though there are moves to have it recognised as a second language.
		The earliest known example of written Karelian, and of writing in any Finnic language, is a birch bark letter found at Novgorod in 1957 which dates from the early 13th century.
		It was written in the Cyrillic alphabet and the language is thought to be an archaic form of Olonets Karelian, which is also known as East Karelian or Liwi and is spoken along the Olonka River in the Republic of Karelia.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/karelian.htm (256 words)

	The St. Petersburg Times - Top Stories - Goose-Migration Center Under Hunt Threat
		OLONETS DISTRICT, Northwest Russia - The Olonets district in southern Karelia hosts the largest springtime stopover of migrating geese in Europe, when hundreds of thousands of white-fronted and bean geese rest and feed on their way to their summer home in the Arctic.
		Olonets, settled in the 12th century, was declared a city in 1649, after the construction of a fortress.
		The Olonets district is the main agricultural-goods producer in the Karelian Republic, but agriculture in the region has been hit hard by post-Soviet economic conditions.
	www.sptimes.ru /index.php?action_id=2&story_id=10068 (958 words)

	Karelian language and culture on the Internet
		The dictionary of the Karelian language compiled at the Research institute for the languages of Finland is based on materials collected by Finnish linguists at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century (information in Finnish)
		Olonets Karelian under the pressure of Russian - English abstract of the doctoral dissertation by Raija Pyöli.
		Karelian ministry of education and youth (in Russian) - See the Concept of the development of the Finno-Ugrian school in Karelia (zip-file).
	www.geocities.com /Athens/4280/eng_linkit.htm (1166 words)

	Finnic languages
		The Finnic languages (sometimes called "Baltic Finnic" but not related to the Indo-European Baltic languages: Latvian and Lithuanian), a subgroup of the Finno-Ugrian language family, include Finnish and its closest relatives:
		Karelian (spoken mainly in Russia &endash; the Republic of Karelia and the Tver region.
		The Karelian language should not be confused with the so-called "Karelian dialects" of Finnish, i.e.
	www.helsinki.fi /hum/sugl/ims_engl.html (287 words)

	Selected Literatures and Authors Pages - Karelian Literature
		["Olonets Karelian and Ludian are transitional dialects between Karelian proper and Vepsian"].
		With excerpts in Olonets Karelian [Livvin or Aunuksen karjalan kieli].
		Venäläistyvä Aunuksenkarjala - Olonets Karelian under the pressure of Russian.
	learning.lib.vt.edu /slav/lit_authors_karelian.html (898 words)

	World Report 364 -- November 2001 #13
		The Karelian language of Livvi is written in Latin characters.
		One woman who is a neighbour of Ms Dubinina and who did not have the chance to study when young, was taught to read it by her grandchildren.
		In January Sinikka Saari, of the Institute for Bible Translation, and I visited Olonets to test the intelligibility of the texts of St Paul.
	www.biblesociety.org /wr_364/364_13.htm (662 words)

	Fourteen Fathers Frost Celebrate Karelian Marriage - Pravda.Ru
		Fourteen Fathers Frost from the Russian cities of Moscow, Penza, Priozersk (the Leningrad region), Severodvinsk, Olonets, Petrozavodsk, Ledmozer, and Gupkinsky (the Yamalo-Nenetsk autonomous district) came to the marriage of their comrade.
		In accordance with the old Karelian wedding rite, the bridegroom sweated in a Russian bath house together with other Fathers Frost and then swam in a cold lake.
		When Vladimir paid the ransom for the bride, a silver coin, a red ribbon was taken away from Natalya’s head, and an official from the board for registration of marriages started the official marriage procedure.
	english.pravda.ru /main/2002/12/05/40430.html (1100 words)

	RIA Novosti - Russia - Fire set to immigrant-owned bar in northwest Russia
		According to preliminary reports, the incident in the Karelian town of Olonets was preceded by a conflict between the bar's Azerbaijani renter and local youths.
		The bar belongs to a Chechen national living in Olonets, which has the largest Chechen community in Karelia.
		The northwestern Russian republic hit the headlines in early September when a fatal brawl in the city of Kondopoga triggered a wave of protests against criminal immigrant groups from the Caucasus, which control the local markets.
	en.rian.ru /russia/20061019/54940368.html (234 words)

	Kotikielen Seura and Virittäjä - In English
		Part of the material appears in PDF format, readable using the freeware Acrobat Reader by Adobe.
		The index of Karelian words includes words from different dialects, which means that etymologically identical words may appear in different places (e.g.
		Ludian is sometimes considered a dialect of Karelian, and some Ludian words may appear in the Karelian index.
	www.kotikielenseura.fi /english/contents.html (641 words)

	Youth Association of Finno-Ugric Peoples
		Karjalan itikat -International Summer Camp in Olonets Karelia, 26-30 August 2002.
		Information in Olonets Karelian, in White Sea Karelian
		Council Meeting in Petroskoi, Karelian Republic, March 2002
	www.mafun.org /chronicle.htm (318 words)

	HENINEN.NET
		The fighter turned over its cowl and sank because of a high speed
		1956 - The Coats of Arms of the restored Karelian ASSR was approved >>>
		Andrew Heninen needs a volunteers' help for the further development if the site - translation work from Russian to English and Finnish >>>
	heninen.net /list.cgi?L=1 (58 words)

	Karelia in the Soviet Union
		The Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was proclaimed by the Fourth All-Karelian Congress of Soviets 25 July 1923.
		This is the flag Paskov [pas94] describes as «The Flag of the Russian Federation adopted in the Olonets Province in 1918».
		The Karelian-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic was established 31 March 1940 and combined the territory of the former Karelian ASSR with areas taken from Finland in the Winter War (the Karelian Isthmus, however, was joined to the Leningrad Oblast).
	www.allstates-flag.com /fotw/flags/su-rukr.html (1471 words)

	Barentsinfo : Ulapland.fi/Kotisivut/Barents portal/Content by Category/Indigenous people/Veps (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The loss of language is also a reality for the Karelians, since only 51.5% of them considered Karelian to be their native language in 1989.
		The number of Karelians and the number of Karelian speakers both decreased during the Soviet era, mainly because the language was not taught in schools.
		There are several main dialects (North Karelian, South Karelian, Olonets and Ludic) in the Karelian language, which has made it difficult to create a common Karelian literary language.
	www.barents.fi /?deptid=15095 (582 words)

	Where do I find Karelian Language information (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The controller Karelian language you the convenience and efficiency of programming the radiator to warm the bathroom and the Karelian language Karelian language you wake up in the morning, and then again in the evening or whenever it is Karelian language.
		The dialects spoken in the South Karelian Region of Finland, where abounding World War II refugees were re-settled, are to be fraction of the South Eastern dialects of the Finnish language.
		As it could moreover be argued Karelian should be fixed asunder from Finnish concluded of its geopolitical vicinage the of someone else state, a point might be that Karelian has a allied relation to Finnish as has English to the Scots language.
	en.anna-sui-apple.info /Karelian_language (1067 words)

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