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Topic: Omar Torrijos Herrera

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	Omar Torrijos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Omar Efraín Torrijos Herrera (February 13, 1929 - August 1, 1981) was a Panamanian army officer and military ruler of Panama from 1968 to 1981.
		Torrijos was often referred to in the American press as the military strongman of Panama.
		Torrijos instituted a range of social and economic reforms to improve the lot of the poor, redistributed agricultural land and persecuted the richest and most powerful families in the country, as well as independent student and labor leaders.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Omar_Torrijos (900 words)

	Martín Torrijos - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Martín Erasto Torrijos Espino (born 18 July 1963, in Panama City) is a Panamanian politician and the current President of Panama.
		Torrijos was elected President on 2 May 2004.
		Martín Torrijos is the son of Omar Torrijos Herrera, who served as Panama's de facto president from 1968 to 1978.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mart%EDn_Torrijos (301 words)

	Omar Torrijos -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Omar Efraín Torrijos Herrera (February 13, 1929 - August 1, 1981) was a (A native or inhabitant of Panama) Panamanian army officer and military ruler of Panama from 1968 to 1981.
		Torrijos was often referred to in the American press as the military (A powerful political figure who rules by the exercise of force or violencea) strongman of Panama.
		When Torrijos was killed in a plane crash, he was succeeded as by (Click link for more info and facts about Florencio Flores Aguilar) Florencio Flores Aguilar who assumed command of the National Guard but he was soon replaced by (Click link for more info and facts about Rubén Darío Paredes) Rubén Darío Paredes.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/o/om/omar_torrijos.htm (1009 words)

	Omar Torrijos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		In the internalpower struggle that followed Torrijos emerged victorious - he exiled Martínez in 1969, madehimself a brigadier general and survived an attempted coup fromhis junior officers.
		Torrijos further consolidated his power by taking authoritarian measures such as persecuting leaders ofstudent and labor groups, dissolving all political parties and the legislature, closing down independent media outlets, andconducting a ruthless anti-guerrilla campaign in Western Panama.
		Torrijos instituted a range of social and economic reforms (military socialism) to improve the lot of the poor, redistributedagricultural land and persecuted the richest and most powerful families in the country, as well as independent student and laborleaders.
	www.therfcc.org /omar-torrijos-100292.html (419 words)

	Omar Torrijos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Omar Torrijos Herrera (de febrero el 13 de 1929 - de agosto el 1 de 1981) era oficial de ejército panamanian y un regla militar de Panamá a partir de 1968 a 1981.
		Torrijos más futuro consolidó su energía tomando medidas autoritarias tales como perseguir a líderes de los grupos del estudiante y del trabajo, disolver a todos los partidos políticos y a la legislatura, cerrarse abajo de los enchufes de los medios independientes, y conducir una campaña despiadada del contra-guerrilla en Panamá occidental.
		Torrijos instituyó una gama de reformas sociales y económicas para mejorar a la porción de los pobres, redistribuyó la región agrícola y persiguió a familias más ricas y más de gran alcance del país, así como estudiante independiente y líderes de trabajo.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/om/Omar%20Torrijos.htm (627 words)

	MSN Encarta - Search Results - Torrijos Herrera Omar
		Torrijos Herrera, Omar (1929-1981), military general who led Panama from 1969 to 1981.
		The Torrijos era brought Panama a mixture of military rule, social and economic reforms, and a more vigorous, left-wing foreign policy.
		Omar Khayyam (circa 1050-1122), Persian mathematician, astronomer, and author of one of the world's best-known works of poetry.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Torrijos_Herrera_Omar.html (118 words)

	Torrijos Herrera, Omar - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Torrijos Herrera, Omar
		As a lieutenant colonel in the national guard, he led the 1968 coup that ousted President Arnulfo Arias, and became the country's effective ruler.
		Torrijos became a brigadier general in 1969 and, ruling by decree, introduced corporatist economic and social reforms, including land expropriation, and enlarged the public sector.
		This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Torrijos+Herrera%2c+Omar (228 words)

	Biografías de Líderes Políticos CIDOB: Martín Torrijos Espino (Panamá) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Torrijos se reveló como un dictador populista y popular, autoritario y demagogo a la vez que paternalista y accesible, dotado de un carisma y una energía poco comunes, y capaz de negociar un modus vivendi con Estados Unidos mientras desataba la reforma agraria y estatalizaba sectores clave de la economía.
		En los años siguientes, Torrijos se desenvolvió como un cabeza de la oposición sólido, articulado y moderadamente constructivo, reacio a las expresiones de pugnacidad y las maniobras de desgaste gratuitas, aunque muy crítico con diversos aspectos de la gestión gubernamental, en especial con los casos de presuntas irregularidades y corruptelas aventados por los medios.
		Torrijos, que no tenía más remedio, terció en la trifulca para criticar las decisiones de Moscoso y asegurar que tan pronto como se hiciera cargo de la Presidencia iniciaría las gestiones tendentes a restaurar las relaciones panameño-cubanas y panameño-venezolanas.
	www.cidob.org /bios/castellano/lideres/t-005.htm (3322 words)

	La Fogata digital
		Omar Torrijos se reunió con todos los líderes mundiales: Yossi Bross Tito, en Yugoslavia; Omar Kadafi, en Libia; Yaser Arafat, en Palestina; Felipe González, en España; François Mitterrand, en Francia.
		Omar Torrijos se convirtió en un símbolo de una lucha e hizo que a Panamá se la conociera en todo el mundo, porque muchos en el extranjero ni siquiera sabían quién era el verdadero propietario del Canal.
		Torrijos llegó al poder para dejar un gran legado a su pueblo y por eso la mayoría de los panameños lo escogió recientemente como el líder del siglo XX.
	www.lafogata.org /02latino/8latinoamerica/obra.htm (837 words)

	americas.org - New President Elected (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Torrijos is the son of former populist military leader Gen. Omar Torrijos Herrera, who ruled Panama from 1968 to 1981, when he was killed in a place crash.
		Torrijos and his two vice presidents, Samuel Lewis Navarro Galindo and Rubén Arosemena, are to be sworn in on September 1.
		Torrijos attended St. John’s Military Academy in Wisconsin, graduated from Texas AandM University with degrees in political science and economics, and worked as an administrative manager at McDonald’s Corporation in Chicago from 1988 until he returned to Panama in 1992.
	www.americas.org /item_14965 (315 words)

	Democratic Revolutionary Party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It was founded in 1979 by Omar Torrijos Herrera.
		In May 2004, Panama's presidential election was won by Martín Torrijos of Patria Nueva – an electoral alliance between the PRD and the smaller People's Party (PP).
		Torrijos won the same day at the presidential elections 47.4 % of the vote and was elected.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Democratic_Revolutionary_Party (162 words)

	martin torrijos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Martín Torrijos Espino (born 18 July 1963, in Panama City), is a Panamanian politician, who was elected President of Panama on 2 May 2004.
		The younger Torrijos studied political science and economics at Texas A&M University;, College Station, Texas, United States.
		During the 2004 presidential election, the younger Torrijos capitalized on his father's legacy, reminding his audiences repeatedly that it was his father who persuaded the United States to return the Panama Canal to Panamanian ownership and control.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /martin_torrijos.html (309 words)

	Omar Torrijos: Patriota y Pensador Panameño
		Aunque Torrijos busca que la lucha de liberación no implique un alto costo social para su pueblo, manifiesta que el mayor terror del mismo es que la incomprensión del Congreso de EEUU obligue a su país a recurrir a la violencia (OT: 94-95).
		Torrijos define a los NOAL como: club de naciones independientes no “dispuestas a recibir la línea de conducta internacional desde la metrópolis de una superpotencia” (OT: 72); instancia en la que se produce “la sindicalización de la pobreza”; la posibilidad de sus miembros de hacerse oír por los poderosos (OT: 95).
		Torrijos expresa su desinterés por los esquemas de vida europeos, diseñados en función de que uno empuje al otro en aras de su sobrevivencia.
	www.euram.com.ni /pverdes/otros_documentos/manuell_moncada_fonseca.htm (3781 words)

	Omar Torrijos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Among the institutions more than 60,000 graduates are notorious dictators Manuel Noriega and Omar Torrijos of Panama, Leopoldo Galtieri and Roberto Viola of...
		date with Central American politics, Torrijos was elected president of Panama in 2004 and traveled with Duran 30 years ago as the son Omar Torrijos, then the...
		Among the SOA's nearly 60,000 graduates are notorious dictators Manuel Noriega and Omar Torrijos of Panama, Leopoldo Galtieri and Roberto Viola of Argentina...
	omar-torrijos.wikiverse.org (567 words)

	Omar Torrijos - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		More recently, former businessman John Perkins http://www.johnperkins.org/about_the_author.htm, alleges in his book Confessions of an Economic Hit Man, that Torrijos was assassinated by American interests, who had a bomb planted aboard his aircraft.
		Omar Torrijos, comandante de los pobres: Testimonios sobre Omar Torrijos de--
		Omar Torrikhos: "ia ne khochu voiti v istoriiu, ia khochu voiti v zonu kanala"
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /omar_torrijos.htm (997 words)

	Martín Torrijos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The result had been widely expected: prior to the vote, Torrijos was well ahead of his three competitors in the opinionpolls.
		Martín Torrijos is the son of Omar Torrijos Herrera, who served asPanama's de facto president from 1968 to 1978.
		During the 2004 presidential election, the younger Torrijos capitalized on his father'slegacy, reminding his audiences repeatedly that it was his father who persuaded the United States to return the Panama Canal to Panamanianownership and control.
	www.therfcc.org /mart%EDn-torrijos-100274.html (253 words)

	Martín TORRIJOS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Martín Torrijos estas la filo de Omar Torrijos Herrera, kiu estis „fakte” la prezidento de Panamo inter 1968 kaj 1978.
		La juna Torrijos studiis politikan sciencon kaj ekonomion ĉe Texas A&M Universitato;, Usono.
		Dum la balota kampanjo2004, la juna Torrijos eluzis la patran heredaĵon, memorigante pri lia sukcesa strebo por konvinki Usonon por redoni la posedrajton kaj la kontrolon de la Panama kanalo.
	www.avobe.com /eo/wikipedia/m/ma/marta_n_torrijos.html (198 words)

	50 U.S VIOLATIONS OF THE CARTER-TORRIJOS TREATIES by Luis Restrepo Panamanian journalist I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Panamanians realized then that Omar Torrijos had every reason to put aside the bilateral negotiations with the United States that were taking place at the "Panama Desk" in the State Department and look for international support for the Panamanian issue.
		Omar Torrijos dared to break the colonialist circle imposed on Panama by the United States.
		It is true as General Omar Torrijos stated, that not all the aspirations of the Panamanian people were being achieved--but steps were begun which would be taken further as the process of decolonization developed.
	www.skepticfiles.org /socialis/panama7.htm (2382 words)

	International March for Peace in Central America — Panama
		Torrijos was an officer in the Panamanian National Guard, and came to power in 1968 through a coup which deposed Panama's current dictator, Arnulfo Arias.
		Torrijos himself was "highly regarded by the Panamanian middle and lower classes," because as a National Guard officer, he had "earned a reputation for listening to the dispossessed,...
		Torrijos and Roldós were anathema to U.S. interests, and with the election of President Ronald Reagan, the outcome could not have been in doubt.
	www.williamgbecker.com /la_marcha_panama.html (5719 words)

	Encyclopedia: MartÃn Torrijos (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		May 2 is the 122nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (123rd in leap years).
		Omar Torrijos Omar Torrijos Herrera (February 13, 1929 - August 1, 1981) was a Panamanian army officer and military ruler of Panama from 1968 to 1981.
		Socialists Mireya Moscoso Mireya Elisa Moscoso Rodríguez de Arias (born July 1, 1946) was the President of Panama from 1999 to 2004, representing the Arnulfista Party.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Mart%EDn-Torrijos (789 words)

	AllRefer.com - Panama - Historical Background \| Panamanian Information Resource
		Torrijos changed that, introducing a populist brand of politics as well as further expanding and professionalizing the National Guard (see The Government of Torrijos and the National Guard, ch.
		Regardless of the reason, Torrijos was the only general, the positions on the general staff being occupied by lieutenant colonels.
		During the Torrijos years, the National Guard was still small enough for Torrijos to maintain a close and personal working relationship not only with members of the officer corps but also with enlisted personnel.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/panama/panama117.html (1439 words)

	Omar Torrijos
		Omar tenía una frase que utilizará a lo largo de nuestros estudios las cosas no son del dueño sino de quien las necesita .
		Torrijos comienza "el patrullaje doméstico" con el fin de determinar, de primera mano, la necesidad de cada pueblo a lo largo y ancho del país.
		Es la visión y el liderazgo de Torrijos, al elevar el tema de las negociaciones con los Estados Unidos para la firma de un nuevo Tratado a nivel internacional, lo que hace que 22 de septiembre de 1977 se dé la eliminación del Tratado de 1903.
	hegelche4.galeon.com /omartorrij.html (756 words)

	Torrijos Herrera, Omar on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Omar Torrijos: un general que no quería entrar en la historia, sino al canal
		Arnulfo Arias y Omar Torrijos: personajes del centenario de la independencia de Panamá
		Torrijos busca la presidencia de Panamá, siguiendo las huellas de su padre
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/T/Torrijos.asp (349 words)

	Hispanic American Center for Economic Research - Torrijos wins elections
		Center-left candidate Martín Torrijos, of the opposition Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD), won the May 2 elections with more than 47 percent of the vote.
		Torrijos, 40, is son of the late Gen. Omar Torrijos Herrera, founder of the PRD and "strong man" of Panama from 1968 to 1981, when he died in a plane crash in a mountainous region of central Panama.
		Torrijos, who was accompanied by Rubén Arosamenta and Samuel Lewis in the two vice presidency posts, will take office on Sept. 1 for five years.
	www.hacer.org /current/Panama005.php (216 words)

	brief history of Panamá - world history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		But it was basically the conciliatory foreign policy of president Jimmy Carter that led to an agreement in 1977 (ratified by the Senate in 1978) by which the US agreed to hand over the canal in 1999 with the Panamanian engagement to keep it open to all nations under all circumstances.
		Torrijos was killed in an airplane accident in 1981.
		In 2004, Martin Torrijos, son of the strongman who negotiated the canal-reversion treaty, was elected president of Panamá.
	www.worldhistoryplus.com /p/panama.html (1019 words)

	Rule by Torrijos and Noriega (from Panama) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		By degrees, the junta's Colonel (later General) Omar Torrijos Herrera emerged as the leader of Panama.
		In 1972 a new national assembly, whose members were selected by Torrijos, gave him full executive powers and allowed him to rule as a dictator.
		Brigadier general of Panama's National Guard and de facto ruler of the country for 13 years, Omar Torrijos Herrera was instrumental in pursuing negotiations with the United States that led to the 1977 treaties transferring the Panama Canal to Panamanian control.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-213961?tocId=213961 (822 words)

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