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Oncogene - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia An oncogene is a modified gene that increases the malignancy of a tumor cell. Some oncogenes, usually involved in early stages of cancer development, increase the chance that a normal cell develops into a tumor cell, possibly resulting in cancer. Experiments performed by Dr Steve Martin of the University of California Berkeley demonstrated that the SRC was indeed the oncogene of the virus. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oncogene   (627 words)

The null oncogene hypothesis and protection from cancer -- Davenport et al. 39 (1): 12 -- Journal of Medical Genetics The null oncogene hypothesis predicts that the presence of a However, the null oncogene hypothesis predicts that mutations which result in a complete loss of function of RET should lead to Hirschsprung disease and a reduced rate of thyroid carcinoma (C). and the discovery of null oncogene mutations in Hirschsprung jmg.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/39/1/12   (1881 words)

oncogene - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about oncogene Oncogenes arise from mutations in genes (proto-oncogenes) found in all normal cells. Such viruses are able to insert their oncogenes into the host cell's DNA, causing it to divide uncontrollably. In 1989 US scientists J Michael Bishop and Harold Varmus were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for their concept of oncogenes, although credit for the discovery was claimed by a French cancer specialist, Dominique Stehelin. encyclopedia.farlex.com /oncogene   (169 words)

Proto-Oncogenes and Cancer An oncogene is a gene that has sustained some genetic damage and, therefore, produces a protein capable of cellular transformation. The c-Sis gene (the v-sis gene is the oncogene in simian sarcoma virus) encodes the PDGF B chain. The v-sis gene was the first oncogene to be identified as having homology to a known cellular gene. web.indstate.edu /thcme/mwking/oncogene.html   (1490 words)

Rediscovering Biology - Online Textbook: Unit 8 Cell Biology & Cancer The conversion of a proto-oncogene to an oncogene may occur by mutation of the proto-oncogene, by rearrangement of genes in the chromosome that moves the proto-oncogene to a new location, or by an increase in the number of copies of the normal proto-oncogene. Most oncogenes are dominant mutations; a single copy of this gene is sufficient for expression of the growth trait. However, a single oncogene is not usually sufficient to cause cancer, so inheritance of an oncogene does not necessarily result in cancer. www.learner.org /channel/courses/biology/textbook/cancer/cancer_3.html   (1396 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) The first encoded oncogene and the second encoded oncogene are two different oncogenes and each functions in a different biochemical pathway, such as a signaling pathway, in the cell. The oncogene can be any oncogene which, when expressed or functional in normal human somatic cells in which telomerase catalytic subunit is ectopically expressed, results in the production of the tumorigenic cells upon culturing/propagation of the recipient normal human cell. One oncogene or a combination of two or more oncogenes, such as a combination of two or more of the oncogenes listed, can be co- expressed with ectopically expressed telomerase catalytic subunit to produce tumorigenic cells. www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/73420.001207&ELEMENT_SET=DECL   (8509 words)

Oncogene Blockers   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) These cancer-causing genes, called “oncogenes,” trick the cell into deciding that it is time to divide, when in fact it is not. It has been clear for several years that one way to attack cancer would be to somehow mute the overly-loud “divide” signal being sent to the cell nucleus by oncogenes. The first step in cell division is the reception by a cell of a “divide” signal, usually a small molecule called a growth factor. www.txtwriter.com /Onscience/Articles/oncogenes.html   (752 words)

Sarkar et al. One of the oncogenes, int -2 has been implicated in human breast cancer because it is amplified in breast tumor tissues but not in normal tissues (9). It is of interest to note that many oncogenes are believed to act singly or in combination with other oncogenes in inducing different types of tumors in different hosts (17). Similarly the ras oncogene that was initially cloned from a human bladder carcinoma (21) has now been shown to be associated with a variety of tumors including mammary tumors in rats (22,23). www.epress.com /w3jbio/vol1/sarkar/sarkar.html   (4712 words)

[No title] The 1981 human tumor oncogene is identified as H-ras, similar to an oncogene previously found in rat RNA tumor virus. DNA analysis shows that the difference between the ras oncogene and ras proto-oncogene (the normal gene before it is altered to become an oncogene) lies in a change in a single base (a subunit of DNA). The myc oncogene is found to be activated in Burkitt's lymphoma, a form of leukemia. rex.nci.nih.gov /massmedia/CANCER_RESRCH_WEBSITE/GENE_ALTERS.html   (1260 words)

Method of detecting ras oncogene related malignancies (US5068175) Methods and composition for detecting the presence of human ras oncogene related malignancies are provided, where a biological sample is assayed for protein(s) specific to a DNA sequence. B. erniak et al., "ras oncogene p21 as a tumor marker in the cytodiagnosis of gastric and colonic carcinomas," Cancer 60:2432-2436 (1987). L. Stock et al., "ras related oncogene protein as a tumor marker in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder," J. of Urol. www.delphion.com /details?&pn=US05068175__   (704 words)

Oncogene-induced transcriptional patterns in established cell lines as a model for in vitro analysis of tumor biology Although direct targets are rapidly induced by oncogene activation, we found that most expression changes observed in established cell lines are part of late transcriptional events and do not occur within the first 10 days after oncogene transfection (Figures 1, 2 and 3). These results are indicative that most oncogene direct targets are transiently induced, shortly after oncogenic transformation, and they subsequently decrease their expression levels again, making it technically difficult to isolate direct targets from established cell lines. Because established cell lines are frequently used in the laboratorial analysis of tumor biology, we have questioned whether transcriptional alterations observed in cultured cells are actually predictive of alterations that occur early on during transformation. www.funpecrp.com.br /gmr/year2004/vol3-3/gmr0098_full_text.htm   (3523 words)

Harvey Ras oncogene One of these is to make a gene that stimulates cell growth hyperactive; this altered gene is known as an 'oncogene'. In about 30% of human cancers, Ras is mutated so that it is permanently switched on, telling the cell to grow regardless of whether receptors on the cell surface are activated or not. Usually, a single oncogene is not enough to turn a normal cell into a cancer cell, and many mutations in a number of different genes may be required to make a cell cancerous. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowSection&rid=gnd.section.111   (253 words)

Oncogene Science's Collaborative Partner Ciba Files IND for Oral Mucositis   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) TGF-Beta 3 is a biological protein discovered by Oncogene Science. In addition to the oral mucositis program, Oncogene Science and Ciba are partnering in a program to develop TGF-Beta 3 as a treatment for impaired wound healing. Phase II clinical trials in the U.S. for impaired wound healing are anticipated to begin in early 1996. www.pslgroup.com /dg/60EA.htm   (475 words)

Frequent Jumping Translocations of Chromosomal Segments Involving the ABL Oncogene Alone or in Combination With CD3-MLL ... We called this type of translocation "segmental jumping translocation (SJT)." SJT of the ABL oncogene was not detected in samples from 15 patients with de novo acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), 12 with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), or 20 with chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) at the chronic phase. A representative karyotype with four ABL oncogene signals from patient no. 7 is shown in Fig 2. Segmental jumping translocations (SJT) of the ABL oncogene also were examined in 15 de novo AML patients, including 5 with complex chromosome aberrations, 5 with specific chromosome abnormalities of t(9; 22), t(8; 21), t(15; 17), 11q23 translocations or inv(16), and 5 with a normal karyotype (Table 2). www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/89/2/596   (3117 words)

Influence of Cell Cycle and Oncogene Activity upon Topoisomerase IIalpha Expression and Drug Toxicity -- Stacey et al. ... The cell cycle, oncogenic signaling, and topoisomerase (topo) II levels all influence sensitivity to anti-topo II drugs. (B) Oncogenic Ras (Leu61; 1 mg/ml) was microinjected into cells within an asynchronous NIH 3T3 culture which was incubated for 24 h, fixed, and stained for topo II and DNA. Once the effect of the cell cycle and oncogenic activity on topo II levels was determined, it was possible to determine the mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/20/24/9127   (7799 words)

The RET/PTC Oncogene Is Frequently Activated in Oncocytic Thyroid Tumors (Hurthle Cell Adenomas and Carcinomas), but ... oncogene in the pathogenesis of human thyroid papillary carcinomas. Grieco M, Santoro M, Berlingieri MT, Melillo RM, Donghi R, Bongarzone I, Pierotti MA, Della Porta G, Fusco A, Vecchio G 1990 PTC is a novel rearranged form of the RET proto-oncogene and is frequently detected in vivo in human thyroid papillary carcinomas. Lam AK, Montone KT, LiVolsi VA 1998 RET oncogene activation in papillary thyroid carcinoma: prevalence and implications on the histological parameters. jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/87/1/364   (3706 words)

Oncogene definition - Cancer information on MedicineNet.com A gene that played a normal role in the cell as a proto-oncogene and that has been altered by mutation and now may contribute to the growth of a tumor. Bcl-2 (a membrane associated protein that prevents apoptosis). Oncogene is a journal for researchers interested in the molecular biology of malignant change including molecular biologists, cell biologists, oncologists, geneticists and biotechnologists. www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4636   (227 words)

Oncogene Oncogene is one of the world's leading cancer research journals. It is published weekly and covers all aspects of the structure and function of Oncogenes. Oncogene also publishes 8 Reviews issues a year, on a broad range of topics. www.nature.com /onc/index.html   (178 words)

Closing In On Cancer Oncogenes—the hypothesized cancer-causing genes—could actually be identified, and George Todaro and Robert Huebner's oncogene theory expanded to accomodate new theories. Soon after the discovery of an oncogene, Harold Varmus, Michael Bishop and Dominique Stehelin found a gene in seemingly normal chicken and human cells that was similar to the src gene that could induce cancer in chickens. They named it a "proto-oncogene" and suggested that it is present in normal cells of most animals. rex.nci.nih.gov /behindthenews/cioc/tech/tech.htm   (872 words)

Potential ovarian cancer oncogene offers possibility of predictive test and a novel therapy HOUSTON - Researchers at The University of Texas M. Anderson Cancer Center report they have discovered a potential oncogene in ovarian cancer, which is the leading cause of gynecological cancer death in U.S. women. They say that levels of the protein produced by this suspected oncogene, known as atypical protein kinase C iota (PKCi), in combination with a second protein, Cyclin E, strongly predict outcome in non-serous ovarian cancer, which accounts for 40 percent of ovarian cancer cases. This study is the first to find that PKCi plays a role in ovarian cancer, says the study's principal investigator Gordon Mills, M.D., Ph.D., a professor and chair of the Department of Molecular Therapeutics. www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2005-08/uotm-poc081705.php   (773 words)

FASEB MEETING: Cancer Oncogene May Be Related To High Blood Pressure   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) SAN FRANCISCO, CA -- April 20, 1998 -- Sodium transport, the kidney function that regulates the level of salt in the kidney and bloodstream and, ultimately, blood pressure, may be intimately related to some of the same oncogenes that have been implicated in the unchecked cellular growth of cancer. Eaton and his colleagues have found that one of those other proteins is the oncogene, p21 ras, which has been implicated in a variety of cancers. In addition, he and his colleagues have found that another oncogene, src kinase, is also responsible for regulating the actions of sodium channels in some individuals. www.pslgroup.com /dg/6D7BA.htm   (540 words)

Oncogene Glossary @ LaunchBase.org (Launch Base)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06) Steve Martin">G. Steve Martin of the University of California Berkeley demonstrated that the SRC was indeed the oncogene of the virus. Michael Bishop and Harold E. Varmus of the University of California San Francisco demontrated that oncogenes were defective proto-oncogenes, found in many organisms including humans. A mutation within a protooncogene can cause a change in the protein structure, caused by www.launchbase.org /encyclopedia/Oncogene   (482 words)

AEGiS-PRn: Oncogene Science and BioChem Therapeutic Expand Collaboration in Anti-Virals In May 1996, Oncogene Science and BioChem Therapeutic Inc. entered into a collaborative research, development and commercialization agreement for the discovery and development of anti-viral drugs to treat hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Under terms of the agreement, Oncogene Science and BioChem Therapeutic will pursue additional viral targets utilizing Oncogene Science's platform of drug discovery technologies. Oncogene Science, Inc. is a leading pharmaceutical discovery company applying a platform of proprietary, broadly enabling technologies to drive a substantial pipeline of novel, small molecule drug candidates and transition them into clinical development. www.aegis.com /news/PR/1997/PR970241.html   (620 words)

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