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Topic: Op-amp

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DIY Op Amps Most op amps are designed for very high gain, often on the order of 1 million (120 dB), but this is not always necessary or desirable, as you often trade off complexity and bandwidth, and when you design your own op amps you can adjust the gain to your needs. As a result, the op amp delivers an output that is a multiple of the input, where the gain is given by the inverse of the divider: (R1+R2)/R2. The control pins of the op amp are usually so sensitive that it is nearly impossible to keep the output voltage in the useful (linear) range between the supply rails without some method of controlling the system, and this method is feedback. cygnus.ipal.org /mirror/www.passlabs.com/diyopamp.htm   (6973 words)

PlanetAnalog.com - Voltage like water: Working with low-voltage op amps For any op amp, the output voltage swing is directly proportional to the power supply voltage, thus, in the same op amp, the DR is directly proportional to the power supply voltage. Designing op amp circuits with biasing normally involves an iterative cut and try approach where the designer assumes a circuit configuration, solves equations, changes the configuration, and repeats the process until a solution is found. Op amps always suffer to a limited extent from distortion introduced by different gains when operating in different quadrants The positive quadrant is above VCC/2 where NPN transistors operate, and the negative quadrant is below VCC/2 where the PNP transistors operate. www.planetanalog.com /printableArticle.jhtml?articleID=12801746   (5973 words)

Electronic Products Some op amps intended for higher operating voltage may be dubbed rail-to-rail output with output swings of 1 V from the rails. Op amps intended for precision signal processing will assure good open-loop gain when the output is tested for output swing. Op amps are the ubiquitous component in the "analog glue" circuitry in so many systems. www.electronicproducts.com /ShowPage.asp?SECTION=3700&PRIMID=&FileName=TEXAS.may2004.HTML   (1275 words)

ElectronicsWeekly.com - High speed op amps for video compensates for the 75 Ω back-termination resistor on the op amp's output. And 75 Ω input and output termination is simple, given the op amp's inherently large input impedance in the non-inverting mode, while the device's gain... TI has also included a power shut-down feature to its latest Burr-Brown op amp, the OPA300 voltage-feedback op amp is designed for 16-bit resolution systems with a bandwidth of 180MHz, noise performance of 3nV/ √ Hz and a 150ns to 0.0015 per cent settling time. www.electronicsweekly.com /Article35049.htm   (890 words)

Choosing Op Amps Op amps aren't supposed to have color; the output signal should be the same as the input signal with the least amount of additional artifacts. Yes, a modern op amp boasting a slew rate of 20-volts-per-microsecond (V/µs) is better than 30-year-old 2V/µs technology, but that doesn't imply that 2,000 V/µs is going to be as noticeable an improvement. All op amps are designed to have low distortion, low noise and wide bandwidth; however, some turn out better than others. mixonline.com /mag/audio_choosing_op_amps/index.html   (1042 words)

Op amps When the inverting input is greater, the op amp becomes saturated and output voltage is equal to the voltage of the power supply the op amp is connected to. Op amps can't change instantaneously, there is a slight slope produced in the output. Op amps with Dual In Line Packages should be connected to a breadboard as shown here. mechatronics.mech.northwestern.edu /design_ref/electrical_design/opamps.html   (710 words)

Operational amplifier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia However, this is more pronounced in op amps, which use internal frequency compensation to avoid unintentionally producing positive feedback. Input offset voltage- the op amp will produce an output even when the input pins are at exactly the same voltage. For circuits which require precise DC operation, this effect must be compensated for. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Opamp   (2748 words)

Astable multivibrator with real op amps The slew rate is caused by the finite op amp currents, which charge the op amp capacitors (compensating, parasitic). With high repetition rate of f, the transistors (in the op amp) undergoes 2f transitions per second and so dissipates a much power [2], so some care should be made to ascertain if any power is frequency dependent. The instantaneous power dissipation during transition (in an op amp) may be quite large because voltage and current have high values simultaneously [10]. www.elektrorevue.cz /clanky/02005/english.htm.iso-8859-1   (1326 words)

OpAmps The Op Amp's output is not dependent on the amplitude of the input current per se, but on the current difference between the input pins. If you need an amplifier with a gain of, say 10, and you have a gain block (op amp) possessing gain in the neighborhood of >200 K (open loop), you use a feedback network that allows signal cancellation such that all but enough to allow the output to be ten times greater than the input. From the 741--the first internally compensated Op Amp, and son of the 709--to the super-fast near GHz Op Amps; these little "boogers" are easy to use: If you bypass, decouple, and use common sense... www.williamson-labs.com /480_opam.htm   (1187 words)

One Resistor Takes Heat from Single-Supply Op Amps - Maxim/Dallas The simplest method for calculating power dissipation in the op amp is to solve a power-balance equation, in which supply power equals the sum of power dissipated in the load and in the op amp. The op amp's maximum power dissipation in Figure 1a is twice that of the op amp in Figure 1b. To minimize the power dissipation in a single-supply op amp, driving a ground-referenced load, connect a pullup resistor, with value equal to the load resistor between the output and the positive supply voltage. www.maxim-ic.com /appnotes.cfm?an_pk=1877   (611 words)

Op Amps for Everyone The bulk of this book is on real-world op amps and their applications; considerations such as thermal effects, circuit noise, circuit buffering, selection of appropriate op amps for a given application, and unexpected effects in passive components are all discussed in detail. The operational amplifier ("op amp") is the most versatile and widely used type of analog IC, used in audio and voltage amplifiers, signal conditioners, signal converters, oscillators, and analog computing systems. Unlike textbook treatments of op amp theory that tend to focus on idealized op amp models and configuration, this title uses idealized models only when necessary to explain op amp theory. www.abrasive-cutting-tools.com /prod/0750677015/Op_Amps_for_Everyone.html   (560 words)

Internal Structure of Op-amps and Audio Power Amps The difference with power amps is, that their final stages are estimated for higher output currents and, because maximum power dissipated in a given load is proportional to square of voltage, the power amps usually have to stand higher power supply voltages. With op-amps and audio amps, the situation is quite simple: all the signals are contiguous voltages, variable in time. Both the external network and the internal devices of the amp introduce phase shifts (in case of the amp I rather percieve it as a response time or delay). home.eunet.cz /rysanek/op_amp_int_en.html   (2689 words)

Building RF And IF Amplifiers With Op Amps The voltage gain of the op amp stage itself is 20, but this is cut in half by the back termination resistor's action in combination with the load. Op amp stages can operate over a wide range of frequencies because there are no inductors to worry about. When op amps are used, drift is almost entirely eliminated because gain is determined in stable, passive components. www.eepn.com /Locator/Products/ArticleID/28549/28549.html   (1911 words)

741 Op-Amp Tutorial, op-amps, Operational Amplifier The first FET input op amp was the CA3130 made by RCA. The first multiple op amp device was Raytheon Semiconductor's RC4558 in 1974. Texas Instruments introduced the TL084 op amp in October 1976. www.uoguelph.ca /~antoon/gadgets/741/741.html   (4734 words)

Op Amps : Analog Devices : Op Amps ADI is your source for a Op Amps as well as over 10,000 other products that serve the needs of more than 60,000 customers worldwide. No other company is more committed to developing the Op Amps that will make the digital future possible. ADI designs, manufactures and markets Op Amps as well as high-performance, high-precision signal processing ICs that make pictures vibrant, voices clear, connections continuous and products portable. www.analog.com /op_amps.html   (285 words)

Electronics:Op-Amps - Wikibooks The ideal properties of an Op Amp are infinite input impedance and zero output impendance. Real Op Amps are (normally) built as an integrated circuit, but occasionally with discrete transistors or vacuum tubes. The model for the Op Amp is shown in Figure 1. en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Electronics:Op-Amps   (2345 words)

Notes on Audio Op-Amps For instance, in a headphone amp with an output buffer, the clipping behavior of the amp will most likely be dominated by the clipping behavior of the output stage, not the op-amp. For a headphone amp, the most significant spec difference is that the 604s require more voltage than the OPA134/132s to sound good. The amp is powered from a variable bench power supply, which I start off at a rather high voltage and then I lower it until I observe clipping by seeing harmonics appear on a spectrum analyzer. tangentsoft.net /audio/opamps.html   (4755 words)

GeenKloon Page 1 Op het moment dat ik de eerste versie van deze pagina schrijf heb ik totaal nog geen ervaring met het origineel, en dus weet ik niet eens wat ik ga nabouwen. Op de site van National.com staan bijvoorbeeld de datasheets van de LM3875 en LM1875 in PDF download formaat en hier staat ook het schema van een Gainclone eigenlijk goed beschreven. Maar nabouwen is wel uitdagend, tenslotte vraag je je af of het mogelijk is om het origineel ook muziekaal na te bouwen. www.euronet.nl /~mgw/diy/amps/nl_geenkloon_1.html   (1545 words)

Sensors Magazine Online - July 1998 - A Practical Review of Common Mode and Instrumentation Amplifiers As we have previously noted, the common mode gain of the first stage of a 3 op-amp in-amp is unity, with the result that the common mode voltage appears at the output of A1 and A2 in Figure 5. The in-amp, along with the A/D converter into which it feeds, is powered by a single supply of +5 V. The temperature to be measured ranges from ­200ºC to 200ºC, which corresponds to a thermocouple voltage of ­7.890 mV to +10.777 mV. In a typical in-amp application, the input common mode voltage consists of the DC bias voltage from the bridge (+5 V/2) along with any common mode noise picked up on the input lines. www.sensorsmag.com /articles/0798/amp0798/main.shtml   (2801 words)

Embedded News - Texas Instruments Introduces Industry's Lowest-Distortion Gigahertz Op Amps The unique design topology coupled with the BiCom II process enables the op amps to achieve the conflicting design goals of reducing both distortion and noise while increasing slew rate, providing higher resolution at both high and low frequencies. TI's new THS4271/5 op amp series leverages the company's second generation of complementary bipolar process technology to provide an unprecedented combination of speed and output signal quality. In mixed-signal tester equipment, for instance, the op amps will enable ATEs to match the operating speed of the next-generation integrated circuits that are being tested. www.embeddedstar.com /press/content/2002/7/embedded4498.html   (555 words)

Caps and Op Amps There is no perfect capacitor or op amp; these are just two of many variables, all contributing to subtle variations of sonic character. Next class: op amp upgrades to the UREI LA-4 limiter, plus power and ground distribution improvements to the Trident series 65 console. Before considering an op amp upgrade—those little ICs that contain dozens of transistors—other items are worth considering. mixguides.com /consoles/vintage_products/caps-op-amps/index.html   (1852 words)

N1EU's Audiophile Op-Amps I made this with the QUAD amps, which resulted in a pair of amps of a quality near to Krell. But in the analog input / output stages of amps or pre-amps it is less critical. In some cases the limited bandwidth of slow IC´s prevents the amps from deadly HF swinging. www.albany.net /~bg/Audio/OpAmp.htm   (621 words)

High-Quality Low-Voltage Audio Audio-grade op amps are sold by the millions each day, and it makes selecting them a lot easier since most IC companies have a separate section in the selection guides for audio. However, if the application is active filters, say, and the resistors surrounding the op amp are at least 10 k ohm, then the dominate noise factor becomes their thermal noise, not the op amp's noise. A RRIO op amp is just what the name implies, one where the maximum input and output levels equal the available power supply voltage. www.rane.com /hilovolt.htm   (7112 words)

Analog Computer Basics For a discussion on typical IC op amps and their real-world characteristics, follow this link. Early operational amplifiers ("op amps" for short) used vacuum tubes, since that was the only available technology. Modern op amps are constructed as semiconductor integrated circuits. www.play-hookey.com /analog   (654 words)

3000V/us Op Amps From Micrel Provide 10x Improvement in Slew Rate/Power Ratio Two high-speed op amps from Micrel -- MIC920 and MIC921 -- provide an order of magnitude improvement in the ratio of slew rate-to-power consumption when compared to competing devices. Stability -- often an issue for high speed op amps -- is excellent in all MIC91x op amps. They were designed from the beginning for stable operation and ease of use and are capable of driving loads of any capacitance. www.micrel.com /press/PR/MIC920_PR.html   (382 words)

spring reverb info page First, the tech note describes how to optimally use op amps to interface to the types of spring reverb units used in guitar amplifiers; schematics are included. A super quiet recovery amp (the ultimate recovery amp?) using a composite op amp is also presented. A circuit for a simple, but wide-range tone control is presented, and a FAQ tackles some of the most common questions and problems in using springs reverbs. members.tripod.com /%7Eroymal   (167 words)

Op Amps Keep on Coming Conventional op amp gain configurations and resistor selection apply, the MIC920 and MIC921 are not current feedback devices. For best performance, all bypass capacitors should be located as close to the op amp as possible and all capacitors should be low ESL and ESR. Two high-speed, voltage-feedback op amps from Micrel — MIC920 and MIC921 — provide an order of magnitude improvement in the ratio of slew rate-to-power consumption, compared with competing devices (Fig. powerelectronics.com /mag/power_op_amps_keep/index.html   (981 words)

Amazon.com: Books: Op Amps: Design, Application, and Troubleshooting Describes the purpose of the op amp and explains the operation of each op amp circuit from an intuitive and non-mathematic viewpoint. OP Amps deliberately straddles that imaginary line between the technician and engineering worlds. Topics are carefully addressed on three levels: operational overview, numerical analysis, and design procedures. www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0750697024?v=glance   (556 words)

Frugal op amps boast low noise and distortion: News from Analog Devices New single and dual op amps are well suited for power-sensitive applications such as portable instrumentation, high-channel-count measurement and medical applications. Offering extremely low noise and distortion and drawing just 1.1mA of supply current, the new op amps are well suited for power-sensitive applications such as portable instrumentation, high-channel-count measurement and medical applications. The new op amps meet this requirement by achieving 2nV/(rt)Hz wideband voltage noise and 1.4pA/(rt)Hz wideband current noise. www.electronicstalk.com /news/anc/anc317.html   (459 words)

Intersil Op Amp Solutions Intersil Op Amps are designed to meet today's increasing complexities for communication, video, and imaging applications. The complete line of Intersil Op Amps, Buffers, Comparators and Transistor Arrays covers the DC to GHz frequency range, and includes special features like output disable, output limiting and programmable gain functions. This high speed analog portfolio delivers low power, superior drive and slew rate performance at bandwidths, making them the perfect choice for video and high speed data transmission, A/D buffering and high frequency filtering. www.intersil.com /amps   (99 words)

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