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Topic: Open string

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Oriented string

Closed string

Type IIA string theory

List of string theory topics

Superstring theory

String theory

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	String theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		String theory is a model of fundamental physics whose building blocks are one-dimensional extended objects (strings) rather than the zero-dimensional points (particles) that are the basis of the Standard Model of particle physics.
		String theories which include fermionic vibrations are now known as superstring theories; several different kinds have been described.
		Since string theory may not be tested in the foreseeable future, some scientists have asked if it even deserves to be called a scientific theory: it is not yet a falsifiable theory in the sense of Popper.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/String_theory (2655 words)

	String theory - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		A string theory is a physical model whose fundamental building blocks are one-dimensional extended objects (strings) rather than the zero-dimensional points (particles) that were the basis of most earlier physics.
		String theory has also led to much insight into supersymmetric gauge theories, a subject which includes possible extensions of the standard model.
		The second problem is that, like quantum field theory, much of string theory is still only formulated perturbatively (as a series of approximations rather than as an exact solution).
	open-encyclopedia.com /String_theory (1287 words)

	Open string -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		An open string is a one-dimensional fundamental object in (Click link for more info and facts about string theory) string theory that has two end-points, and therefore is topologically equivalent to a line interval.
		One of the other vibrational patterns may identify the open string with the (A quantum of electromagnetic radiation; an elementary particle that is its own antiparticle) photon and so on.
		However, the developments in string theory in the 1990s have shown that the open strings should always be thought of as ending on a new type of objects called the (Click link for more info and facts about D-branes) D-branes, and the spectrum of possibilities for open strings has increased a lot.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/o/op/open_string.htm (230 words)

	OPEN - open a file or string for I/O.
		If you specify an offset when you open a string for appending, OPEN first determines the current end of the string by searching for the first '0', and then applies the offset from this point; in other words, the offset is taken from the current end of the string*.
		Opening a string for append has the natural interpretation; it is equivalent to opening for writing with an offset of the length of the string.
		When you open a string for both reading and writing, the length of the string is established at the time the string is opened.
	www.thinkage.on.ca /english/gcos/expl/b/lib/open/expl.html (3235 words)

	Talk: String theory - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		String field theory is an alternative formalism for string theory.
		Reading the popular articles on string theory, I have the impression that they talk about strings as existing objects, that the average reader must come to the conclusion that the universe consists of some sort of very small spaghetti, only to small to see them.
		Open Encyclopedia is an free extensive encyclopedia service provided by the New Frontier Information Network, a newly launched private company which offers easy access to thousands of online articles, e-books and documentation covering a wide variety of broad topics.
	talk.open-encyclopedia.com /String_theory (1095 words)

	String Divisions and Harmonics
		So, the string will vibrate in two halves (octaves of the open string) and the exact center (12th fret) will be the stationary node.
		However, when the string vibrates in threes, which it is doing simultaneously, the midpoint of the string will be the part of the string that is vibrating with the greatest amplitude.
		That is, all octaves of the open string are red, all fifths and twelfths are blue, all major thirds and tenths are yellow.
	users.rcn.com /dante.interport/division.html (964 words)

	How many theories?
		The bosonic string theories are all unstable because the lowest excitation mode, or the ground state, is a tachyon with M
		String theorists learned that all of these bad ghost states decouple from the spectrum when two conditions are satisfied: the number of spacetime dimensions is 10, and theory is supersymmetric, so that there are equal numbers of bosons and fermions in the spectrum.
		The options of open vs closed, and oriented Vs unoriented boundary conditions are still present, but there are also choices involving fermions that distinguish one superstring theory from another.
	superstringtheory.com /basics/basic5a.html (1102 words)

	String theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		No simple model of the hadron, such as picturing it as a set of smaller particles held together by spring-like forces, was able to explain these relationships.
		For example, if observing the Sun during a solar eclipse had not shown that the Sun's gravity deflected light, Einstein's general relativity theory would have been proven wrong.
		(Barring, of course, the chance of experimental error.) Not finding cosmic strings would not demonstrate that string theory is fundamentally wrong — merely that the particular idea of highly stretched strings acting "cosmic" is in error.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/String_Theory (2656 words)

	Open string backgrounds from boundary state deformations \| The String Coffee Table
		Therefore the open string disk correlator on the brane is physically the same as a closed string emission from the brane with a certain source term corresponding to the open string boundary condition.
		Of course the result is that the Wilson line over the closed string with which one acts on the boundary state of the bare brane has to come from a gauge field which satisfies the YM equations of motion.
		The only difference is that in the open string case the transformation is ‘cut in half’ (see here), which is the reson why it gives a genuinely new background, not just a gauge shift for the open string.
	golem.ph.utexas.edu /string/archives/000381.html (1932 words)

	NWO - New insights into open string theory
		In string theory the physics is limited to the splitting and joining of strings.
		Since 1994 it has been known that one of the closed string theories with strong interactions is exactly the same as the open string theory with weak interactions.
		The research into the open strings particularly concentrates on the spaces in which the edges of the strings (the start and endpoint of the cut open elastic band) can move.
	www.nwo.nl /nwohome.nsf/pages/NWOP_5BAJCD?Opendocument (498 words)

	Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		String theory on D-brane backgrounds is open-closed string theory.
		In order to incorporate explicitly closed strings, the classical sector of this theory is open strings with a homotopy associative A{sub{infinity}} algebraic structure.
		Subalgebras of the algebra of surfaces with boundaries are used to discuss symmetries of classical open string theory induced by the closed string sector, and to write classical open string field theory on general closed string backgrounds.
	www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=342660 (236 words)

	Instrument Tuning - Tuning Tips @ TabCrawler.Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Tune all six strings by comparing A tones at different octaves and different strings with the open string A. This approach has the advantage that all the strings are compared to the same string (A) and not to each other, so any errors on the tuning of one string do not propagate.
		This is the most critical string, especially to the rhythm guitarist, as it is used in most chords and tends to be the first string to impair intonation.
		The open harmonic note (lightly momentarily touch string at fret 12 as you play it to produce octave bell like tone) should be the same as the note fretted at the 12th fret for each string.
	www.tabcrawler.com /articles.php?action=readarticle&articleid=18 (1673 words)

	Acoustic Guitar Central Lesson: Slide Guitar Melodies
		When the slide makes contact with the string, the effect is the same as pressing the string into contact with a fret: the string length is shortened, creating a higher pitch.
		In this lesson, we’re going to play in open-D tuning: from the sixth string to the first, D A D F# A D. You can check your open strings against the tuning track to make sure you are in tune.
		Open D is a good beginning point for slide because it allows you to play a wide range of melodies without ever leaving the high string, and the high string is the easiest string to play cleanly on with the slide.
	www.acousticguitar.com /lessons/slide/1.shtml (716 words)

	Ephilosopher :: Open Forum :: String theory. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		the people working on these theories believe that the two may be related and are working on finding the bridge bridge between what string theory has been able to prove mathmatically and was loop theory has been able to render geometrically in space.
		a good book on string theory is "the elegent universe" by brian greene.
		oh, and string theory says there's up to 7 dimensions, there are a whole bunch of varying theories, with different number of dimensions.
	www.ephilosopher.com /phpBB_14-action-viewtopic-topic-3586.html (675 words)

	The Bushnell \| String Break Open House to feature free performances (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Open House is free and open to the public.
		The Open House is just one part of the fifth-annual String Break, a Greater Hartford celebration of classical music taking place throughout the month of April.
		String Break is sponsored by United Technologies, the Greater Hartford Arts Council, The Hartford Courant, and The Ensworth Charitable Foundation.
	www.thebushnell.org /index.cgi/9596 (838 words)

	Merriam-Webster Online
		11 a : having openings, interruptions, or spaces mesh>: as (1) : being porous and friable soil> (2) : sparsely distributed :
		population> (3) of a compound : having components separated by a space in writing or printing (as opaque projector) b : not made up of a continuous closed circuit of channels open>
		17 a : containing none of its endpoints open interval> b : being a set or composed of sets each point of which has a neighborhood all of whose points are contained in the set open set>
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=open (572 words)

	ArtTen-StPat
		While not a KEY criteria for all players making a racquet selection, a racquet's string pattern can be a factor of importance for the more experienced player.
		String Patterns are commonly referred to as Open or Dense.
		In addition, because there are fewer strings to absorb the impact of the ball, hard hitters will wear out strings faster with an Open string pattern.
	www.bellracquetsports.com /store.asp?pid=3458 (184 words)

	Citebase - D-Branes as Unstable Lumps in Bosonic Open String Field Theory
		We construct Dp-branes in bosonic string theory as unstable lumps in a truncated string field theory of open strings on a D25-brane.
		The tachyonic instability of the open bosonic string is analyzed using the level truncation approach to string field theory.
		Using string field theory, we argue that the tachyon potential on a D-brane anti-D-brane system in type II string theory in arbitrary background has a universal form, independent of the boundary conformal field theory describing the brane.
	citebase.eprints.org /cgi-bin/citations?archiveID=oai:arXiv.org:hep-th/0002117 (1183 words)

	Open Method (String, FileMode, FileAccess, FileShare) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Opens a FileStream on the specified path, having the specified mode with read, write, or read/write access and the specified sharing option.
		A FileMode value that specifies whether a file is created if one does not exist, and determines whether the contents of existing files are retained or overwritten.
		The specified path is invalid, such as being on an unmapped drive.
	msdn.microsoft.com /library/en-us/cpref/html/frlrfSystemIOFileClassOpenTopic3.asp?frame=true (842 words)

	WA's Alternate Guitar Tunings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The strings are generally lowered a whole step, except in the case of the 3rd string, which drops by half steps to open up six string D major and D minor chords, in turn.
		The C on the 4th string is the major second, facilitating internal resolves to the major third (D) It's very unusual to include the major seventh (A) in a tuning, though it makes sense as part of the V7 chord (F7), and would enable hammered-on resolutions to the Bb tonic.
		In any case, this tuning is great for playing melodic lines (in A, especially) on the 3rd string, or intervals on the 3rd and 4th strings together, against the open A and E of the 2nd and 1st strings (not to mention the open A and E of the 5th and 6th strings).
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/warrenallen/tunings.htm (5448 words)

	The Super G-String
		Various string theories have been proposed to solve the universe (or actually several universes, due to the use of higher dimensions) [1].
		The string is reobtained in the inverse limit ∞̻̌ ←∀∃⊥.) The last term in the action is a Wess-Zumino term, which causes the coupling to be quantized (see below).
		We decided to open the envelope after all, but it turned out to be just another paper by you-know-who [41], and we all know all his stuff is garbage, so we just threw it away.
	insti.physics.sunysb.edu /~siegel/parodies/sgs.html (2490 words)

	Open Problems in String Theory
		ARCC Workshop: $L^2$ harmonic forms in geometry and string theory...
		Duality cascade and oblique phases in non-commutative open string theory...
		Noncommutative solitons in open N = 2 string theory...
	www.scienceoxygen.com /phys/284.html (239 words)

	Factorization Conjecture and the Open/Closed String Correspondence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		We present evidence for the factorization of the world-sheet path integrals for 2d conformal field theories on the disk into bulk and boundary contributions.
		This factorization is then used to reinterpret a shift in closed string backgrounds in terms of boundary deformations in background independent open string field theory.
		We give a proof of the factorization conjecture in the cases where the background is represented by WZW and related models.
	www.maths.tcd.ie /report_series/abstracts/tcdm0423.html (70 words)

	Open string - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In music, an open string is a string of a string instrument that is played without stopping on the fingerboard.
		This table lists open strings on some common string instruments:
		In physics, an open string is a one-dimensional fundamental object in string theory that has two end-points, and therefore is topologically equivalent to a line interval.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Open_string (183 words)

	Tuning the 4-string Tenor Ukulele
		Now that we have the open G string tuned, let's move on to the C string adjacent to it.
		Now that we have the open C string tuned, let's move on to the E string adjacent to it.
		Matching the notes from string to string would be the same as in the GCEA photographs.
	www.ukuleles.com /SetupnCare/TenorTune.html (1307 words)

	Classical Guitar Midi Archives - Tablature
		In Spanish and Italian tablatures, the top string is represented by the bottom line, while in French and English tablatures, the reverse would be the case.
		Play the 7th fret of the 1st string, pull off to the 6th fret and hammer on to the 8th fret; play the 7th fret of the first string.
		it means strike the B string at the 7th fret, then bend the note up two semitones (one whole step) so that it sounds the same pitch as a note fretted at the 9th fret would do.
	www.classicalguitarmidi.com /tablature.html (617 words)

	sffworld.com - Open String Story Sign Up Sheet
		This is a place where everyone can sign up for the open string story.
		If it becomes apparent at some time that a duel to the death is inescapable we will discuss that on a side string I will create where we can all dicuss ideas and going's on outside of the current tale.
		This seperate string is a place where anyone can post at anytime to ask other people questions or just discuss the story in general.
	www.sffworld.com /forums/showthread.php?t=1488 (928 words)

	[No title]
		PHP must have write permissions to the file if data is inserted, the database schema is modified or to create the database if it does not exist.
		Intended to be used to open the database in read-only mode.
		Since NFS is notoriously bad when it comes to locking you may find that you cannot even open the database at all, and if it succeeds, the locking behaviour may be undefined.
	www.zend.com /manual/function.sqlite-open.php (346 words)

	Open Directory - Arts: Crafts: String Figures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		International String Figure Association - The ISFA works to gather, preserve, and distribute string figure knowledge for future generations to enjoy this ancient pastime.
		String Figures and Shamanism - An essay by Lois Stokes, with speculations on the role of string figures in Hawaiian culture.
		Strings On Your Fingers - Michael P. Garofalo does presentations on string figures art, and performances of string figures, catches, and tricks in Northern California and Southern Oregon.
	dmoz.org /Arts/Crafts/String_Figures (415 words)

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