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	Operation Allied Force - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Operation Allied Force aka Kosovo-NATO War was NATO's military operation against Federal Republic of Yugoslavia that lasted from 24 March to 11 June 1999 and is considered a major part of Kosovo War.
		The main element of the operation was the air forces of NATO, principally drawn from the United States Air Force and the RAF.
		Operation Allied Force inflicted less damage on the Yugoslav military than originally thought, due to the use of ingenious camouflage and misdirection techniques to disguise military targets.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Operation_Allied_Force (1726 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Operation Allied Force
		Operation Allied Force was NATO's military operation against Yugoslavia that lasted from 24 March to 10 June 1999 and is considered a part of Kosovo War.
		Operation plan OPLAN 10601 "Allied Force" covered altogether five phases, which went from the transfer over a possible application outside of and within the air space of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia up to redeployment.
		The fundamental factor in the conclusion of ALLIED FORCE was NATO's unity and resolve.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Operation-Allied-Force (3756 words)

	Operation Allied Force
		The multinational force was tasked by NATO to bring a swift end to hostilities committed by the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia against ethnic Albanians in the southern province of Kosovo.
		Operational conduct of day-to-day missions was delegated to the Commander 5th Allied Tactical Air Force, at Vicenza, Italy.
		The phased concept of operations of Operation Allied Force did not apply principles of military operations such as surprise and the use of overwhelming force, and this cost time, effort and potentially additional casualties, the net result being that the campaign was undoubtedly prolonged.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/ops/allied_force.htm (4362 words)

	Operation Allied Force: Lessons for the Future
		On March 24, 1999, NATO forces initiated an air war against Serbia in an effort to put an end to the human rights abuses that were then being perpetrated against the ethnic Albanian population in Kosovo.
		Operating under the cover of inclement weather and shielded by mountainous terrain, Serb forces were frequently able to disperse and conceal their weapons, thereby eluding allied efforts to find and attack them in a timely way.
		NATO's operation in Kosovo was further hampered by the need to achieve consensus among its politically diverse member states, many of which were hesitant to use significant force in what was essentially a humanitarian operation.
	www.rand.org /publications/RB/RB75 (1409 words)

	Untitled Document
		Operation Allied Force was a NATO contingency response aiming at ensuring full compliance with UN Security Council Resolution 1199 (Sept. 23rd 1998).
		On 20 June 1999, after all FRY military and police forces (VJ/MUP) had departed Kosovo in compliance with the Military Technical Agreement (MTA) signed by the Commander of KFOR and representatives of the FRY Government on 9th June 1999, NATO's Secretary General decided to terminate the air campaign.
		As of June 20, 1999, over 900 were committed to this operation and many of them were deployed forward on stand-by at various air bases in Italy and other NATO nations or on carrier vessels.
	www.afsouth.nato.int /operations/detforce/Force.htm (1799 words)

	Operation Allied Force: Lessons for Future Coalition Operations
		On March 24, 1999, NATO initiated Operation Allied Force as a means to compel Slobodan Milosevic to cease ethnic cleansing in Kosovo and to pull Serbian forces out of the disputed province.
		Operation Allied Force marked a watershed in the Alliance's history and a significant departure from NATO's exclusive Cold-War focus on the defense of its members' borders.
		In Operation Allied Force, the Alliance showed itself capable of acting when challenged even in circumstances where the territorial integrity and sovereignty of NATO's members was not directly affected.
	www.rand.org /pubs/research_briefs/RB72/index1.html (2024 words)

	[No title]
		Operation ALLIED FORCE forced the regime of Serbian Prime Minister Slobodan Milosevic to withdraw his forces from Kosovo.
		So-called "Russian volunteers" operated with Milosevic's forces in Kosovo and Serbia and with the blessing of Moscow authorities.
		It was an urgent call for improvements in the inter-operability of Allied forces and in the balance of transatlantic military capabilities.
	www.senate.gov /~finance/106-207.htm (3114 words)

	Definition of Operation Allied Force
		Operation Allied Force was the military response of NATO to the 1999 Kosovo crisis, and the first major combat operation in NATO history.
		Proclaimed goal of the operation was to protect the Kosovo Albanian people from alleged aggression by the military of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and Serbian police forces.
		While this did hurt Yugoslavia and set the stage for the downfall of Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic, it did little to protect the Kosovo Albanians that NATO claimed to be protecting, as thousands were killed in the conflict with Serbs.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Operation_Allied_Force (223 words)

	NATO Speech: Operation Allied Force Update - 27 May 1999 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The high operational tempo of recent days continued yesterday, with Allied aircraft continuing their intense campaign against Serb ground forces in Kosovo, and against a wide range of military targets throughout Serbia.
		On Day 64 of Operation Allied Force, Allied forces flew 741 sorties, the highest number of the campaign so far, of which 308 were strike sorties, also a record, and 74 were sorties designed to suppress Serb air defences.
		Serb ground force units attacked in Kosovo included 10 artillery positions, 8 armoured personnel carriers, at least 5 tanks, 4 anti-aircraft artillery emplacements, several mortar positions, 2 Antonov Colt light transport aircraft, and a SA-6 mobile surface-to-air missile transporter-launcher, a radar site, and several other military vehicles and revetments.
	www.nato.int /kosovo/press/u990527a.htm (197 words)

	Statement of Brigadier General Flanagan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Operation Allied Force saw participation by AV-8B Harrier II+ STOVL attack jets from the 24th and 26th Marine Expeditionary Units operating from amphibious ships; USS Nassau and USS Kearsarge.
		Operation Allied Force also marked the first combat use of CBU-99, cluster advanced munitions by the AV-8B aircraft.
		The $45.5 million in supplemental funding for contingency operations in Kosovo and Northern Iraq was sufficient to cover all associated costs and provided the means for II MEF and 2d Marine Aircraft Wing (2d MAW) to adequately fund the FY99 flight hour program.
	www.house.gov /hasc/testimony/106thcongress/99-10-26flanagan.htm (4452 words)

	RAND \| Monograph/Reports \| European Contributions to Operation Allied Force: Implications for Transatlantic Cooperation
		Operation Allied Force, the 1999 NATO air campaign that sought to prevent a wider humanitarian disaster in Kosovo, represents the triumph of air power to some observers and highlights air power_s limitations for others.
		This report, a dispassionate assessment of Operation Allied Force, provides perspectives from both sides of the Atlantic as well as political and military implications.
		The report concludes that the European allies can expect continued emphasis on the Defense Capabilities Initiative, a U.S. plan adopted by NATO that stresses the need for all NATO forces to be interoperable, deployable, and sustainable.
	www.rand.org /publications/MR/MR1391 (405 words)

	Kosovo: U.S. Naval Lessons Learned During Operation Allied Force, March-June 1999
		That is not unchanged by our experience in ALLIED FORCE and indeed the many operations surrounding ALLIED FORCE, as General [John P.,] Jumper [Commander in Chief, U.S. Air Forces, Europe], U.S. Air Force alluded to.
		We all had a very significant role to play, and I think the terrific news is that all of the forces were applied to their best effect; and there was never, to my knowledge, a very significant parochial issue that intervened in how those forces were applied.
		Operation ALLIED FORCE reminds us also of the value of a forward presence that is provided by combat-ready carrier battle groups and amphibious-ready groups with their embarked Marine Expeditionary Units.
	www.history.navy.mil /faqs/faq127-1.htm (2959 words)

	Deployments - Kosovo - Operation Allied Force - Background
		NATO objective was to force Serbian military forces to withdrawal from Kosovo, allow over a million refugees to resettle in their homeland and bring stability to the NATO's southeastern alliance and to surrounding countries.
		After all FRY military and police forces (VJ/MUP) had departed Kosovo in compliance with the Military Technical Agreement (MTA) signed by the Commander of KFOR and representatives of the FRY Government on 9th June 1999, NATO's Secretary General terminated the air campaign.
		Part of the aircraft deployed to conduct Allied Force was eventually authorized to return to home bases.
	www.pdhealth.mil /508/deployments/allied_force/background.asp (418 words)

	NATO Operation Allied Force
		Operation Allied Force Objective: "Our military objective is to degrade and damage the military and security structure that President Milosevic (Yugoslav President) has used to depopulate and destroy the Albanian majority in Kosovo."
		Serb forces around the Kosovo border are divided into deployed forces, garrison forces, and reserve forces.
		All nineteen NATO countries are currently contributing to Operation Allied Force.
	www.defenselink.mil /specials/kosovo (544 words)

	F-117A: UN Operation Allied Force
		During Operation Allied Force, Holloman was one of the first bases in the Air Force to combine combat-coded squadrons with a training squadron.
		According to the former operations officer for the 7th Combat Training Squadron, the first duty day after the 9th deployed was used as a planning and brainstorming day for senior leadership and supervisors.
		In response to the operational request, the SPO used the flexibility given in the TSPR contract and allocated $500,000 of the cost savings from the contract, out of $1.2 million year to date.
	www.f-117a.com /Yugo.html (3963 words)

	Operation Allied ForceThe View from Beijing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Many Chinese journalists interpreted Allied Force as “anti-Russian” in character, noting that NATO expanded eastward in order to occupy Russia’s “strategic space” (the traditional Russian sphere of influence in Eastern Europe) and deprive that country of a base for resurgence in Europe.
		Another author considered that one goal of Allied Force was to “open up the Balkan corridor” to the military, political, and economic influence of the European Union, which would serve to secure a land/river route for the flow of oil and gas from the Caucasus and Central Asia to Western Europe.
		Allied Force has drawn Chinese attention away from the problems of repelling large US ground forces and has focused greater attention on issues of air defense (particularly cruise missile defense), electronic warfare (EW), and IW.
	www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil /airchronicles/apj/apj00/sum00/perry.htm (6262 words)

	Operation Allied Force Beer Steins
		Unless noted, all steins shown are one-half liter in quantity and approximately7.5 to 9.0 inches high.
		The stein is made of porcelain and the lid is pewter; made in Germany.
		The decoration consists of the NATO star on one side with the words "Operation Allied Force" and the dates March-June 1999.
	www.straubs.net /AlliedForce.html (148 words)

	AF sees value in spending on IT for leaner meaner troops
		AMC officials have improved the Global Transportation Network—into which they feed logistics data—since Operation Allied Force, when 50 percent of 40,000 containers at one Saudi Arabian facility had to be reopened, relabeled and resealed because Defense Department officials did not know what was inside them, Hogle said.
		U.S. forces showed a 184 percent increase in need for satellite communications bandwidth during Operation Allied Force compared with Desert Storm, although seven percent fewer personnel were involved, he said.
		Although the Air Force was “the weapon of choice” during Operation Allied Force, Lyles said, service officials are trying to be “very careful not to pat ourselves on the back,” which many would perceive as a slight to their sister services.
	www.nbnn.com /vol18_no35/news/849-1.html (721 words)

	NATO & Kosovo: Index Page
		Factual updates on Operation Allied Force were produced on a daily base at 09:00 (local time).
		Daily morning briefings at NATO HQ at 10:30 (local time) on the situation in Kosovo and Operation Allied Force were given by NATO Spokesman Jamie Shea.
		Daily press briefings at NATO HQ at 15:00 (local time) on the situation in Kosovo and Operation Allied Force were given by NATO and SHAPE spokespersons.
	www.nato.int /kosovo/all-frce.htm (160 words)

	Perspectives on Operation Allied Force
		After a slow start, USAF-led NATO air forces were freed from some political shackles and showed some of what they could do.
		An Eaker Institute panel weighs the implications of Operation Allied Force.
		If the question is whether aerospace power is effective against ground forces, the answer is "yes." more...
	www.afa.org /magazine/perspectives/balkans.asp (417 words)

	The Royal Navy in Operation Allied Force
		HMS Sandown was the only NATO mine hunter available for much of the operations for disposals in deeper waters.
		The Type 23 frigate HMS Somerset, and subsequently HMS Grafton who relieved her on 26th April, both served as part of the French aircraft carrier Task Group in the Adriatic.
		HMS Iron Duke and HMS Norfolk, also both Type 23 frigates, were deployed to the region as part of NATO Standing Naval Forces patrolling the area and keeping the Yugoslav Navy under constant surveillance.
	www.britains-smallwars.com /Kosovo/Navy.html (211 words)

	Central Europe Review - Macedonia's Losses during Operation Allied Force
		Macedonia was heavily damaged during Operation Allied Force, but one would do well to separate the irreversible damage from the reversible damage.
		The former has a corrosive, pernicious effect; the latter, though harmful and painful, can be remedied through added aid and investment and the adoption of the right frame of mind.
		It is time for them to learn and be taught a different language - the language of growth, of investments, of the joy of entrepreneurship, of communications and of belonging to the family of nations rather than being excluded from it.
	www.ce-review.org /99/6/vaknin6.html (1139 words)

	F16 Viper Pilots Association E-Publication - Operation Allied Force: Vipers Over Kosovo
		During Operation Allied Force, Captain Davis was a member of the 510th Fighter Squadron "Buzzards" at Aviano Air Base, Italy.
		He decided to serve in the active duty Air Force and was subsequently assigned to Aviano Air Base, Italy.
		Captain Davis now flies with the 524th Fighter Squadron, Cannon Air Force Base, New Mexico and is selected to attend the Weapons Instructor Course, USAF Weapons School, Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada.
	www.f16viper.org /davis.htm (960 words)

	CNN - Operation Allied Force: Day One - March 25, 1999
		While he is concerned about possible casualties, he said the NATO operation is necessary because the international community "will not stand by and watch the blood flowing" in Kosovo.
		Correspondent Bettina Lüscher in Berlin reported that Operation Allied Force represented the first time since World War II that German troops and aircraft were sent to another country.
		In New York, U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan said, "There are times when the use of force may be legitimate in the pursuit of peace." But he said the Security Council should be involved in the decision to use force.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/europe/9903/24/nato.attack.bullet/index.html (1890 words)

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