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Topic: Operation Cartwheel

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	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The BEF and French forces, encircled in the north, were evacuated from Dunkirk in Operation Dynamo.
		The operation was one of the biggest military evacuations in history, as 338,000 British and French troops were transported across the English Channel on warships and civilian boats.
		Operation Torch was launched by the U.S., British and Free French forces on November 8, 1942, to gain control of North Africa through simultaneous landings at Casablanca, Oran and Algiers, followed a few days later by a landing at Bône, the gateway to Tunisia.
	www.gamecheatz.net /games.php?title=World_War_II (10019 words)

	WW2 - ZDNet
		The operation was one of the biggest military evacuations in history, as 338,000 British and French troops were transported across the English Channel on warships and civilian boats.
		British, Indian, and Australian forces Counterattacked in Operation Compass, but this offensive stopped in 1941 when much of the Australian and New Zealand (ANZAC) forces were transferred to Greece to defend it from German attack.
		Operation Torch was launched by the U.S., British and Free French forces on November 8, 1942.
	www.zdnet.co.za /wiki/WW2 (8892 words)

	Planning for Cartwheel - James P. Lowe
		Operation I was the seizure of Woodlark and Kiriwina and Operation A was the ground operations in the Solomon Islands (New Georgia and Santa Isabel).
		Operation II was the capture of Lae (IIa), Salamaua and Finschhafen (IIb), and Madang (IIc).
		Operation III would cross the Vitiaz Strait to seize Cape Gloucester and Operation C would take control of Buka Island before converging on the final objective of Rabaul.
	corregidor.org /Heritage_Battalion/lowe/ch_3.html (2997 words)

	SC Department of Natural Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The 568 acre Cartwheel Bay Heritage Preserve in Horry County was acquired to protect one of the few known Carolina Bay-longleaf pine savanna complexes in South Carolina.
		Plant species such as gallberry, fetterbush, and blueberry are adapted to the wet, acidic conditions that occur in the bay's interior.
		The canopy is dominated by longleaf pine with a mixture of loblolly pine.
	www.dnr.sc.gov /managed/heritage/cartwheelbay/description.html (387 words)

	The Normandy Campaign: Operation Cobra
		Operation Cobra was the code name given to the attack launched as part of the Normandy Invasion, an attempt by the allies to overtake German troops in France.
		The beginning aerial bombardment turned out to be a successful tactic: Bradley had weakened the German front to the point where they could not possibly bring attack upon the American troops, all they could do is try to hold on to the land that was quickly slipping through their fingers.
		Operation Cobra had proven to be successful, and had provided the Allies with the means to finally overcome German troops in France.
	cghs.dade.k12.fl.us /normandy/cobra_falaise/cobra.htm (1586 words)

	Bloody Peleliu: Unavoidable Yet Unnecessary - Military Photos
		Other operations in the Palau Islands would involve the army's green 81st Infantry Division, commanded by MG Paul Mueller; additionally, the 81st would serve as a possible reserve for MG William Rupertus' 1st MarDiv, should they be needed.
		MG Rupertus landed on the morning of D+1 to take personal command of the operation, but was hampered early on by poor communications with outlying units; he had no clear picture of the casualties in 1st or 7th Marines, and equally unclear information about their current tactical situations.
		Beyond this issue is the actual operational and tactical execution of the attack itself, especially in terms of leadership and organizational preparedness.
	www.militaryphotos.net /forums/showthread.php?t=13462 (4969 words)

	Operation Galvanic (2): The Battle for Makin, November 1943
		The Combined Chiefs of Staff and the Joint Chiefs of Staff all agreed that Operation Cartwheel should not be delayed but at the same time approved of the idea of limited drive in the Central Pacific.
		The attack on the Gilbert Islands (formerly a British possession) would be a joint Marine and Army operation and initially involved Tarawa and Apamama in the island chain and the island of Nauru, which lay almost 400 miles to the west.
		Rehearsals for the operation began in October with the Army units of the Northern Attack Force practising amphibious assaults in Hawaii while the Southern Attack Force (2nd Marine Division) practised in the New Hebrides.
	www.historyofwar.org /articles/battles_makin.html (1627 words)

	HyperWar: U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II: Bismarcks (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		These operations were the first steps in his drive to return to the Philippines, a pledge he had made when he left the islands in 1942.
		While the operations on Arawe were under way, Krueger had developed plans to seize the Japanese airfield and garrison at Cape Gloucester on the western tip of New Britain.
		Although the Admiralties operation would be its first combat action, its soldiers had received extensive training to prepare them for their mission.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/USA/USA-C-Bismarcks/index.html (7062 words)

	World War 2 Timelines 1939-1945 - Pacific Islands 1943 - Worldwar-2.net
		Operation 'Cartwheel' continues with the occupation of Rendova, north west of Guadalcanal.
		Operation 'Cartwheel' continues with further advances in the Solomon's.
		The Japanese garrison of 6,000 troops are secretly evacuated from Kiska in the Aleutians.
	www.worldwar-2.net /timelines/asia-and-the-pacific/pacific-islands/pacific-islands-index-1943.htm (732 words)

	Against the Odds
		Operation Cartwheel is a wargame simulation of the campaign fought for control of New Guinea in 1943.
		Operation Cartwheel, by designer Paul Rohrbaugh, is based upon the design used in the first game of the Air Warfare Series, Chennault’s First Fight, that was published in issue 12 of Against the Odds magazine.
		Among the new rules are ones for naval operations, parachute drops, parafrag and skip bombing, and new air unit types (including Rufe floatplanes, B-25s, B-17s, and Tony fighters).
	www.atomagazine.com /pipeline.html (2302 words)

	Operation Cartwheel - Wikipedia
		Operation Cartwheel war ein alliiertes Unternehmen im Pazifikkrieg während des Zweiten Weltkriegs.
		Cartwheel bedeutet auf Deutsch "Radschlagen" und kann in diesem Fall auch als Synonym für Rundumschlag gedeutet werden.
		Die Operation zielte auf die Isolierung der wichtigen japanischen Basis auf Rabaul.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Operation_Cartwheel (418 words)

	New Guinea
		Yet Allied operations in New Guinea were essential to the U.S. Navy's drive across the Central Pacific and to the U.S. Army's liberation of the Philippine Islands from Japanese occupation.
		Every Allied operation depended on an extensive logistics infrastructure, painstakingly scratched out of the wilds, that stretched from engineers developing a coastal enclave and port back through the ships that were the umbilical cord between the advance base and the staging areas.
		The operation now evolved into a herculean effort by 217 ships to transport safely 80,000 men, their equipment, and supplies 1,000 miles to conduct three separate amphibious landings deep in the enemy rear area.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/brochures/new-guinea/ng.htm (8549 words)

	What happened in WWII on your birtyday? - Gearbox Software Forums
		Operation Catchpole is launched as American troops devastate the Japanese defenders of Eniwetok and take control of the atoll in the northwestern part of the Marshall Islands.
		On this day in 1943, General Douglas MacArthur launches Operation Cartwheel, a multi-pronged assault on Rabaul and several islands in the Solomon Sea in the South Pacific.
		The purpose of Cartwheel was to destroy the barrier formation Japan had created in the Bismark Archipelago, a collection of islands east of New Guinea in the Solomon Sea.
	gbxforums.gearboxsoftware.com /showthread.php?t=21006 (3177 words)

	1943: GILBERT ISLANDS
		In the Southwest Pacific, General Douglas MacArthur was gaining ground in New Guinea while in the Solomon Islands, Operation CARTWHEEL under MacArthur and Admiral William F. Halsey moved from Guadalcanal northwest up the island chain toward the major Japanese base at Rabaul.
		While the landings at Vella Lavella (18 September 1943) and Bougainville (1 November 1943) took place in the Solomons, the invasion of the Gilbert Islands in the Central Pacific was staged, an early experience in amphibious operations and the first atoll operation in the Central Pacific Area.
		Operation GALVANIC, the landings in the Gilberts, marked the first time that the Pacific landing forces faced a strongly defended beach.
	www.olive-drab.com /od_history_ww2_ops_battles_1943gilberts.php (1680 words)

	Manis Lab - UNC Chapel Hill (USA)
		The goals of this proposal are to investigate inhibitory circuits in the DCN, and to elucidate their roles in normal sensory processing as well as in auditory dysfunction.
		We will test whether the synaptic influence of the most populous inhibitory interneurons, the cartwheel cells, depends on the target cell type, and whether cartwheel cells can fire in a synchronized manner as predicted from their physiology and connections.
		We will test whether cartwheel cells utilize glycine and GABA as co-transmitters onto the pyramidal cells and other cartwheel cells, and whether there is activity-dependent short-term modulation of inhibitory synapses.
	www.med.unc.edu /~pmanis/current.htm (533 words)

	HyperWar: The Army Air Forces in WWII: Vol. IV--The Pacific: Guadalcanal to Saipan [Chapter 6] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Though these July operations compared in scale and effectiveness more than favorably with any supporting operations theretofore undertaken by the Fifth Air Force, they marked no more than the beginning of the effort that would be required in support of the final conquest of Lae.
		In addition to these operations, MacArthur's plans for an advance westward in New Guinea to the Vogelkop received confirmation, but the projected Central Pacific thrust into the Carolines, with their potential bases, had suggested that it would not be necessary to occupy Rabaul.
		Flank protection would be provided "essentially by air operations." Necessary naval bases would be established under the protection of land-based aviation, with carrier-borne planes making their own special contribution by close support of landings undertaken beyond the reach of previously established land bases.
	www.ibiblio.org /hyperwar/AAF/IV/AAF-IV-6.html (18198 words)

	Operation Coronet - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During World War II, two operations were called Operation Coronet, one of which was executed and the other only planned.
		Operation Coronet was a planning name used for the capture of Woodlark Island and Kiriwina Island in Operation Chronicle, a part of the larger Operation Cartwheel.
		Operation Coronet was the planned invasion of the Japan at the end of the War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Operation_Coronet (132 words)

	CHAPTER 23
		A new series of operations toward these ends started in MacArthur's theater on December 15, 1943, when U.S. Army units landed on the south coast of western New Britain, and on the 26th, the 1st Marine Division landed on the north coast.
		As an upshot, at the TRIDENT Conference in May 1943, the amphibious operation against Rangoon was canceled and a new plan for operations emerged that stressed Chennault's air operations and provided for a lesser ground offensive in central and northern Burma.
		Under his tutelage the Chinese were able to halt the Japanese advance at Chihchiang in April 1945, and, as the Japanese began to withdraw in order to prepare a citadel defense of their home islands, Wedemeyer and the Chinese laid plans to seize a port on the Chinese coast.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/AMH-23.html (10095 words)

	history.html
		Not all life in LCTs was as hectic as this, but from the early days of the Royal Navy's LCT operations supporting the Eighth Army in North Africa, when ill-ventilated quarters made living aboard intolerably hot, through all major and most minor operations, LCT crews consolidated their reputation for delivering the goods.
		By the beginning of 1944 the allies had full control of the Solomon Islands and operation "CARTWHEEL", to encircle and isolate the Japanese air and naval bases at Rabaul and Kavieng was coming to a close and they would be isolated until the end of the war.On February 29, 1944 the U.S. army 1st.
		Upon reaching their operating areas, they would form up with other units for assault landings or other operations in support of the war effort.
	www.angelfire.com /pa/LCT376/history.html (1688 words)

	326th Finance Group - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Thereafter, I Corps engaged in the western part of Operation Cartwheel, the encircling and neutralization of the Japanese base at Rabaul in New Britain.
		After this operation was completed, I Corps took part in prolonged Allied mopping-up operations along the northern shores of New Guinea.
		In by far the largest series of operations in the theater during the war, I Corps took part in the invasion of Luzon.
	www.armyreserve.army.mil /USARC/RRC/0063RRC/0326FINGRP/History.htm (354 words)

	History Channel: Operation Code names in the Pacific ...
		Codename Cactus referred to Guadalcanal, though the operation to invade was often referred to as "Operation Shoestring" because of the limited resources available - Operation Watchtower was the name given to the operation to take Guadalcanal and Tulagi.
		In terms of time, it was a very long lasting operation, from beginning of 1943 to February/March 1944.
		Kon was the Japanese plan to reinforce New Guinea in the spring of 1944.
	boards.historychannel.com /thread.jspa?threadID=700002468 (770 words)

	chronology2
		General plans were made for offensive operations in Burma and for B-29s based in China to bomb the Japanese home islands.
		Churchill and the British were again turned down in their arguments to launch a large-scale military operation in the Balkans.
		Planning to destroy the U.S. fleet operating in the Marianas, two Japanese carriers, Shokaku and Taiho, were sunk by U.S. submarines before the battle began, crippling the Japanese strike force en route to its interception point and foredooming the operation.
	www2.bc.edu /~heineman/chronology2.html (21323 words)

	Unique Facts about Oceania: The Pacific Theater
		The Pacific Theater of Operations (PTO) is the term used in the United States for all military activity in the Pacific Ocean and the countries bordering it, in World War II.
		The council never had any direct operational control and any decisions it made were referred to the US-British Combined Chiefs of Staff, which was also in Washington.
		In June, the Allies launched Operation Cartwheel, which initiated a strategy of isolating the major Japanese forward base, at Rabaul, and concentrated on cutting its lines of communication.
	www.sheppardsoftware.com /Oceaniaweb/factfile/Unique-facts-Oceania19.htm (1765 words)

	The Battle of Vella Gulf: August 6-7, 1943, by Vincent P. O'Hara
		In June, 1943 the Allies initiated Operation Cartwheel designed to neutralize the Japanese bastion at Rabaul with twin advances up the Solomons and the tail of eastern New Guinea.
		Thus, when the Japanese weighed anchor at 0500 hours on the 6th, they were under twin handicaps: not a single vessel was operating as a pure warship and there was a stain of pessimism about the mission itself.
		This arrangement was an adaptation of Burke's basic destroyer battle doctrine: destroyers would operate in two groups, the group closest to the enemy when contact was made would attack with torpedoes.
	www.microworks.net /pacific/battles/vella_gulf.htm (2506 words)

	Invasion of the Gilbert Islands
		Termed Operation "Cartwheel", this particular operation was the responsibility of the Army and General Douglas MacArthur.
		The other operation in the central Pacific under the command of ADM Chester Nimitz targeted the capture of the Gilbert Islands.
		The operations in the Pacific normally required a higher degree of coordination due to the great distances between the staging areas and the landings.
	www.uscg.mil /hq/g-cp/history/GilbertsWWII.html (2752 words)

	A Guide to the War in the Pacific: The Pacific Offensive
		Within Cartwheel, Operation One (Chronicle) called for the occupation of Kiriwina and Woodlark islands; Operation Two (Postern) was the capture of the Salamaua, Lae, and Finschhafen areas; and Operation Three (Dexterity) the occupation of Western New Britain and Keita and the neutralization of Buka.
		MacArthur launched Cartwheel on July 1, 1943, when Allied forces made unopposed landings on Woodlark and Kiriwina islands off the northeast coast of New Guinea.
		Operation Galvanic, directed against Tarawa and Makin islands in the Gilberts, taught costly lessons to Allied amphibious assault landings in their initial attacks on low lying coral-fringed atolls.
	www.nps.gov /wapa/indepth/extContent/wapa/guides/offensive/sec2.htm (904 words)

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