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Topic: Operation Colossus

Related Topics

Operation Anklet

Operation Ambassador

Operation Clawhammer

Operation Driftwood

Operation Frankton

Operation Basalt

Operation Abercrombie

Operation Baobab

Operation Claymore

Operation Archery

British Commandos

Operation Canuck

Operation Gauntlet

Operation Candytuft

Operation Biting

	Colossus computer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Colossus computers were used in the cryptanalysis of high-level German communications, messages which had been encrypted using the Lorenz SZ 40/42 cipher machine; part of the operation of Colossus was to emulate the mechanical Lorenz machine electronically.
		Colossus included the first ever use of shift registers and systolic arrays, enabling five simultaneous tests, each involving up to 100 Boolean calculations, on each of the five channels on the punched tape (although in normal operation only one or two channels were examined in any run).
		Colossus documentation and hardware were classified from the moment of their creation and remained so after the War, when Winston Churchill specifically ordered the destruction of most of the Colossus machines into 'pieces no bigger than a man's hand'; Tommy Flowers personally burned blueprints in a furnace at Dollis Hill.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Colossus_computer (2072 words)

	The Colossus - Tony Sale
		The rear bay of Colossus contained four racks, the R rack holding the staticiser and delta boards for the paper tape reader output and the K and S-wheel thyratron ring outputs, the M rack for the M-wheel staticisers and S-wheel motion logic.
		The broad principle of Colossus was to count throughout the length of the text the number of times that some complicated Boolean function between the text and the generated wheel patterns had either a true or false result.
		The various components of Colossus were the optical reader system, the master control panel, the thyratron rings and their driver circuits, the optical data staticisors and delta calculators, the shift registers, the logic gates, the counters and their control circuits, the span counters, the relay buffer store and printer logic.
	www.codesandciphers.org.uk /lorenz/colossus.htm (2712 words)

	X-Men Character Bios: Colossus
		Colossus was one of the "new" X-Men recruited by Professor X to save the original team from Krakoa.
		Colossus also found that he was not as invulnerable as he thought when Deathbird and the Brood attacked the X-Men on Earth.
		Colossus stayed on Avalon until its destruction, trying to be a voice of reason, even defending the traitor Neophyte for helping the X-Men during an earlier battle.
	www.mutanthigh.com /colossus.html (1403 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Technology \| Return of Colossus marks D-Day
		Besides its code-breaking prowess, Colossus was one of the most significant forerunners of computing technology because it was programmable and electronic.
		Colossus Mk2 was essentially an upgrade of Mk1, which went into action on 1 February 1944.
		Colossus was also ground-breaking because it was put into action two years ahead of its nearest US rival, the Eniac (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer).
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/technology/3754887.stm (695 words)

	BletchleyPark.net - Colossus
		As skeptical as this operation was, the engineers at Dollis Hill, a manufacturing plant, went ahead and built Colossus I. Even though multiple engineers contributed to this development only a few esoteric individuals knew about all of its parts and its exact purpose.
		Nevertheless, beginning in February 1943, the Colossus was finally built and installed at BP by December of the same year.
		A total of 10 Colossus Mark II computers were constructed in conjunction with Tunny machines for deciphering, during the war.
	www.bletchleypark.net /stationx/colossus.html (855 words)

	Operation for Mobile Review - Mobile Operation Review
		Operation might appeal to your nostalgia cortex, but you might want to get that treated before you spend too much time playing this game.
		Operation is done from a side view of the body.
		Operation can be played either alone or with up to eight friends in pass-and-play multiplayer.
	www.gamespot.com /mobile/puzzle/operationbyhasbro/review.html?part=rss&tag=gs_all_games&subj=6126876 (677 words)

	Operation Colossus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During World War II, Operation Colossus was an experimental raid by thirty-eight of the five hundred men of No.2 Commando, who trained as Britain’s first paratroops in 1940.
		This raid, or ‘test’, provided valuable lessons for British Combined Operations, and served notice to the Axis that British soldiers were now airborne.
		The term ‘SAS’ was next used by Dudley Clarke, (originator of the first Commando format and the title), during his deception work in North Africa to give the enemy the impression a Parachute Battalion was stationed there.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Operation_Colossus (542 words)

	GWU Millennium Essays (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Colossus developed out of Operation ULTRA which was set up at Bletchley Park in 1939 by the Foreign Office's intelligence agency, MI6, to crack the German Enigma codes.
		Colossus was updated throughout the war--an improved model debuted in 1944--with a total of ten in use by 1945.
		Thus the Colossus computers were highly classified--in fact all but two were destroyed at the war's end--and remained so until the 1970s when Operation ULTRA began to come to light.
	www.gardner-webb.edu /essays/24April-Yelton.htm (623 words)

	Does insurance company 'low-ball' pain and suffering?
		Colossus is reportedly being used by a dozen of the nation's biggest auto insurance companies, and many more smaller ones, to evaluate injuries and place a value on a person's quality of life.
		But Colossus is not meant to replace the claims adjuster and is not supposed to be the ending authority in settlements, said Mike Dickerson, a CSC spokesman.
		Colossus generates values for general damages, placing a monetary value on a person's quality of life.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /local/122105_colossus15xx.html (1672 words)

	Cold Warriors (Colossus foes)
		However, they soon realized that they police were also agents of the Operation and escaped back to their house, where they attempted to make a stand.
		Colossus brought Alexander in, and the police rounded up the defeated Warriors, but it was not revealed whether the story saw print or what happened to the Warriors since.
		Colossus captured him and brought him in, but he was confident that his one phone call would clear him of all charges and prevent the story from being printed.
	www.marvunapp.com /Appendix/coldwars.htm (1081 words)

	Ride Reviews - Colossus at Six Flags Magic Mountain
		Colossus has gone through a number of changes over the years.
		For a number of years the park operated Colossus with one side running the trains backwards and the other side running forwards.
		The reason was odd since Colossus had previously operated with three-trains per side.
	www.ultimaterollercoaster.com /coasters/reviews/colossus (662 words)

	Colossus at Bletchley Park
		Had the sequence of obscuring characters been truly random it would have been impossible to break the code, luckily for the code breakers, the sequence was generated by rotating mechanical wheels and was a repeating pseudo random sequence — if this sequence could be unravelled the code could be broken.
		Design of Colossus started in March 1943 and the first unit was operational at Bletchley Park in Jan 1944.
		The Colossus rebuild at Bletchley is housed in a room with windows at one end for public viewing.
	www.picotech.com /applications/colossus.html (1953 words)

	PGP Corporation - Library - CTO Corner - Colossus
		Colossus was designed and built in World War II at the famous Bletchley Park for the purpose of breaking the cryptographic messages of the German Lorenz cipher machine.
		The team finished a Mark II Colossus in time for the 60th anniversary of the completion of the first Mk II Colossus.
		Colossus can't be moved – it wouldn't survive.
	www.pgp.com /library/ctocorner/colossus.html (805 words)

	Special Operations.Com
		The target for Operation Colossus was the Tragino Aqueduct in Southern Italy.
		Airborne Division engaged on counter-insurgency operations in Palestine.
		As such he commanded the regiment in the final stages of the Malayan campaign and then the operations by A and D Squadrons in Oman, 1958-59.
	www.specialoperations.com /Foreign/United_Kingdom/SAS/Drummond.htm (1176 words)

	The Colossus
		Provided the war has been entered into by legal means (such as a declaration of war by Congress, or an authorizing vote that is tantamount to the same), I'd say that debate is over, and it is incumbent upon the citizenry to help fight and win the war.
		Part #23 of the Spy Novel, in which a European satellite is borrowed, and the mysterious dealings between the Swiss and the House of Savoy are revealed.
		Colossus will be surprised to hear that I dislike repeating myself, because she'll tell you it's all I do.
	www.colossusblog.com /mt (13690 words)

	Lagoon Park Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Operation of other rides around the park was not quite as efficient as the roller coasters, but they weren't slow either.
		Fortunately, the ride operator was able to "pair" me up with a couple small kids rather easily, so I could get my ride.
		Colossus was a very intense, high G-force, ride, with two loops and two series of helices.
	www.americanmidway.com /reviews/lagoon_rev.html (1258 words)

	Sounds Online: Quantum Leap COLOSSUS
		Given its vast range of high-quality instruments, Colossus is equally ideal as the foundation of a professional sample library and as a fill-in-the-gaps collection.
		Colossus is not only a highly versatile plug-in for composers, it’s a deep well of inspiration for sound designers and music makers.
		COLOSSUS is a massive 32 Gigabyte (not Megabyte) Virtual Instrument that covers all of the basic musical genres, the way a keyboard workstation attempts to, except COLOSSUS offers much higher quality instruments and dynamics than any keyboard available today.
	www.soundsonline.com /sophtml/details.phtml?sku=EW-164 (1228 words)

	Computer That Ate Hitler's Brain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Its successor, Colossus II, went into operation on June 1, 1944, just in time to intercept a coded message which confirmed that Adolf Hitler and the German high command had fallen for an Allied ruse suggesting that the long expected cross-channel invasion was aimed at the Calais area, rather than the Normandy beaches.
		Based on plans developed by a 26-year-old mathematician named Alan Turing, Colossus changed the course of World War II and established the groundwork for modern computers, said John Dinsdale, a retired professor of World War I and II history who, inspired by the story of Colossus, now studies the history of technology.
		Dinsdale said Colossus was not a true computer by today's standards -- "more of a revved-up calculator" -- but it could factor logical problems and was programmable to some degree.
	www.cs.buffalo.edu /~rapaport/111F04/colossus.html (878 words)

	The Colossus of Rhodes, Wonder of the World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The Colossus took twelve years to complete, and was said to have caused a shortage of bronze throughout the ancient world during its construction.
		The statue lay where it fell for over 875 years until Arab invaders pillaged its remains and sent the scrap metal to Syria, where it was carried off on the backs of 900 camels to be melted down—probably into bronze lamps.
		In Roman times the fallen Colossus was a popular tourist attraction; Pliny the Elder visited it and wrote that "...even lying on the ground it is a marvel.
	www.amazeingart.com /seven-wonders/colossus.html (892 words)

	RAF History - Bomber Command 60th Anniversary
		Beginning operations with Whitleys in 1940, it converted to Halifaxes in 1942 and continued with that type of aircraft for the rest of the European war.
		Among the highlights of No. 78's war record was its participation in the historic 1,000-bomber raid on Cologne on 30/31st May 1942; the epic raid on Peenemunde on 17/18th August 1943; and the attack on the coastal gun battery at Mont Fleury on 5/6th June 1944, in direct support of the invasion of Normandy.
		In February 1941, No. 78 Squadron supplied the Whitleys and some of the crews (other crews were provided by No. 51 Squadron) which figured in Operation Colossus, the first Allied airborne operation of the war and the one in which British paratroops destroyed a large aqueduct at Tragino in southern Italy.
	www.raf.mod.uk /bombercommand/h78.html (540 words)

	ACSA: The Computer Industry Business Ethics Certification Project
		In early 1940, the modern computer industry was born, on the wings of the super secret decoding and cryptology organization known as MK Ultra, at a huge mansion held by the British Military Intelligence Establishment, known as Bletchley-Park.
		Colossus is a testimonial to how the need for Human Survival can trigger a Universe Shaking Innovation and Technological Revolution.
		The CIBEC Project is operating from an anonymous, independent grant that is budgeted to fund it's first 99 years of operations, and it will set forward it's own rules on how it draws it's opinions and publishes them.
	www.acsa2000.net /cibec_home.htm (921 words)

	Welcome to UXN - Decimation
		Colossus, who saw his family dying one-bye-one in the last year asks Magneto to come along to Avalon, since he has nothing left keeping him earth.
		Colossus takes the mindless Magneto into an escape pod, Jean saves Skids who is already floating in outer space and Cyclops leads the rest of the Acolytes on a different section of Avalon.
		Jean and Skids arrive safely on earth, Colossus is rescued from freezing in Antarctica by Callisto, Magneto is nowhere to be found.
	www.uncannyxmen.net /db/pov/showquestion.asp?faq=5&fldauto=29 (8710 words)

	Maths Dept & the Mark 1
		The first machine was operational around January 1944, and in all 10 were built.
		Having seen the power and potential of the electronic computer with Colossus, he planned that they should investigate what kinds of problem would be suitable as applications for a computer.
		In effect Newman was planning a very similar operation to Maurice Wilkes at Cambridge, who was basing his machine on the EDVAC and Mercury Acoustic Delay Line storage.
	www.computer50.org /mark1/maths.html (1611 words)

	Virtual AGC Colossus Page
		Colossus is the program which was run on the Apollo Guidance Computer installed in the Command Module (CM).
		Colossus 2 was also referred to by the separate name of Comanche.
		There is presently no way to know if Colossus 1A (build 249, October 28, 1968) actually flew, but by process of elimination, the only missions on which it could have been used were Apollo 8 (December 21, 1968) and Apollo 9 (March 3, 1969).
	www.ibiblio.org /apollo/Colossus.html (3405 words)

	Early Computers (1946-51)
		The first Colossus was designed and built at the Post Office Research Laboratories at Dollis Hill in North London in 1943, under Dr Tommy Flowers, for the code-breaking centre at Bletchley Park, to help in breaking the German Lorenz codes.
		The Colossus operation at Bletchley Park was directed by M.H.A. (Max) Newman.
		Although he was not directly involved in the later (and very different) Colossus project, he acted as a consultant and was aware of what was happening.
	www.computer50.org /mark1/contemporary.html (3391 words)

	Major Tony Deane Drummond (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Then a Lieutenant, he had taken part in Britain's first airborne action, Operation Colossus, a raid to destroy an aqueduct in Italy.
		In advance of the departure of the raiding party, Deane-Drummond flew to Malta on the 24th January 1941 to ensure that all preparations had been made.
		The remaining rebel opposition was quickly overcome and the whole operation was completed at small cost to the attacking troops.
	www.arnhemarchive.org /deane_drummond.htm (1821 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		After the successful co-operation of The Finnish Progressive Music Association COLOSSUS together with Mellow Records in releasing a tribute album for Finnish progressive rock "Tuonen Tytär" (MMP 385 AB) COLOSSUS proudly presents its new project - now with MUSEA: a concept album based on the Finnish National Epic KALEVALA.
		COLOSSUS has been in contact with progressive bands and artists all around the world and the final line-up of this monster release (a triple CD) is now ready.
		Väinämöinen departs in a copper boat with the prediction that he will be needed again someday to make a new Sampo for the people, to bring new light and play new songs.
	www.colossus.fi /kalevala/Tribute.htm (1701 words)

	COLOSSUS ]II[ Systems BBS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The original COLOSSUS BBS was the official BBS of a user group that I founded in Columbus, Ohio in 1983.
		This BBS is still on-line for member use and still uses the name of COLOSSUS.
		The most successful of these was COLOSSUS ]II[ Systems (C4S) BBS.
	www.colossus.org /fneal/c4s.htm (630 words)

	Welcome to UXN - Decimation
		Shadowcat is hit by one of Harpoon’s energy spears and stuck in a phased state; she can no longer solidify.
		During the fight he was hit by one of Harpoon's energy lances and immediately afterwards received many of Riptide's throwing stars at a close range; although not visible they damaged his metallic hide on a molecular level with energy leaking from Piotr.
		With Nightcrawler, Shadowcat and Colossus recovering from their injuries the line-up of the X-Men is drastically changed.
	www.uncannyxmen.net /db/crossover/showquestion.asp?fldAuto=205 (1590 words)

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