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Topic: Operation PBFORTUNE

Related Topics

Operation PBSUCCESS

Jacobo Arbenz Guzman

Central Intelligence Agency

Carlos Castillo Armas

United Fruit Company

International law

Labor union

Land reform

1945

	Suchmaschine
		Operation PBSUCCESS was a CIA-organized covert operation that overthrew the democratically-elected President of Guatemala, Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán in 1954.
		The operation was preceded by a separate contingency plan of invasion, Operation PBFORTUNE, and was succeeded by an operation whose objective was to gather documents after the overthrow that would assist in the effort to incriminate Arbenz as a Communist puppet, known as Operation PBHISTORY.
		While Operation PBFORTUNE was officially terminated, the operation led a twilight existence with the arm shipment prepared prior still kept in waiting and with Armas being kept on a $3,000 a week retainer, which allowed him to hang on to his small troupe of rebels.
	www.dmoz.ch /lexikon.cgi?sprache=en&q=Operation_PBSUCCESS (3533 words)

	Guatemala '54
		Among the documents found in the training files of Operation PBSUCCESS and declassified by the Agency is a "Study of Assassination." A how-to guide book in the art of political killing, the 19-page manual offers detailed descriptions of the procedures, instruments, and implementation of assassination.
		Document 4, "Guatemalan Communist Personnel to be disposed of during Military Operations of Calligeris", Origin deleted, Undated.
		The result is a surprisingly critical study of the agency's first covert operation in Latin America.
	www.gwu.edu /~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB4 (994 words)

	Operation PBSUCCESS - Demopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Operation PBSUCCESS (1954) was the CIA -organized covert operation that overthrew the democratically-elected President of Guatemala, Jacobo Arbenz GuzmÃ¡n.
		Operation PBFORTUNE was authorized by Truman, a scheme to send weaponry in a United Fruit Company ship to Anastasio Somoza of Nicaragua to use in Guatemala.
		Operation PBFORTUNE was launced in the fall of 1952 with the intention of arming Castillo Armas who was in Honduras.
	demopedia.democraticunderground.com /index.php/Operation_Success (1160 words)

	Operation PBSUCCESS - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Operation PBSUCCESS ( 1954) was the CIA -organized covert operation that overthrew the democratically-elected President of Guatemala, Jacobo Arbenz GuzmÃ¡n.
		The coup ignited decades of repressive government and civil conflict.
		With factions of the Guatemalan Army and the influential landowning upper class opposed to Arbenz's policies, some have speculated that his left-wing reformist government would not have lasted even if the CIA had not intervened; nonetheless, the event has become a focus of criticism regarding American covert operations during the Cold War.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Operation_PBSUCCESS (230 words)

	xeni.net/trek: Robert Gates and CIA history in Guatemala
		Using the documents preserved by the lawsuit, Cullather produced an astonishingly frank account, written in 1993 and printed in 1994, which may be a high-water mark in CIA openness.
		The account also says the Guatemala operation, which "went into agency lore as an unblemished triumph," was marked by poor security, bad planning and third-rate reporting.
		The coup, it says, destroyed the political center in Guatemala, which "vanished from politics into a terrorized silence," and led to a series of brutal military governments and a "cycle of violence and reprisals" that "claimed the lives of a U.S. ambassador, two U.S. military attaches and as many as 10,000 peasants" in the 1960s.
	www.xeni.net /trek/2006/12/robert-gates-and-cia-history-in.html (965 words)

	CIA cryptonym -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		LINCOLN - Ongoing operation involving (A member of a people of unknown origin living in the western Pyrenees in France and Spain) Basque separatist group (The 7th letter of the Greek alphabet) ETA
		PBFORTUNE - CIA project to supply forces opposed to (A republic in Central America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; noted for low per capita income and illiteracy; politically unstable) Guatemala 's President (Click link for more info and facts about Arbenz) Arbenz with weapons, supplies, and funding; predecessor to PBSUCCESS.
		PBHISTORY - Central Intelligence Agency project to gather and analyze documents from the Arbenz government in (A republic in Central America; achieved independence from Spain in 1821; noted for low per capita income and illiteracy; politically unstable) Guatemala that would incriminate Arbenz as a Communist.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/C/CI/CIA_cryptonym2.htm (1515 words)

	cia cryptonym (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		PBFORTUNE - CIA project to supply anti-Arbenz forces with weapons, supplies, and funding; predecessor to PBSUCCESS.
		PBHISTORY - Central Intelligence Agency project to gather and analyze documents from the Arbenz government in Guatemala that would incriminate Arbenz as a Communist.
		PBSUCCESS - (Also PBS) Central Intelligence Agency covert operation to overthrow the Arbenz government in Guatemala.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /CIA_cryptonym.html (440 words)

	CRG -- Getting used to the idea of double standards: The underlying maxim is "we will punish the crimes of our enemies ...
		Bush's directive broadens the class of potential targets beyond bin Laden and his immediate circle of operational planners, and also beyond the present boundaries of the fight in Afghanistan, officials said.
		...The CIA's Directorate of Operations, which runs the clandestine service, is mindful of a traumatizing past in which assassination attempts in Africa, Latin America and the Middle East were blamed on rogue agents when they failed.
		T he agency is determined to leave no room this time for "plausible denial" of responsibility on the part of the president and the agency's top management.
	globalresearch.ca /articles/NSA112A.html (1887 words)

	Operation PBSUCCESS Encyclopedia Article, History, Biography @ Local Color Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		CIA -organized covert operation that overthrew the democratically-elected President of Guatemala, Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán.
		Guatemalan Army and the influential landowning upper class opposed to Arbenz's policies, some have speculated that his left-wing reformist government would not have lasted even if the CIA had not intervened; nonetheless, the event has become a focus of criticism regarding American covert operations during the Cold War.
		Operation PBFORTUNE (later changed to Operation PBSUCCESS.) The plan was drafted in 1951, before the U.S.-based
	www.artsintexas.com /encyclopedia/Operation_PBSUCCESS (471 words)

	Docs 50-72
		The main operational asset immediately available to CIA is a group of revolutionary activists numbering a few hundred, led by an exiled Guatemalan army officer (RUFUS) and located in Honduras.
		In this connection, it would be the primary concern of CIA to ascertain the existence, scope and potential of alleged Guatemalan covert resistance elements, and alleged clandestine contacts suitable for psychological warfare and political action purposes, as well as for possible active support of a para-military effort at a later date.
		The operation would have to be laid on through [ less than 1 line of source text not declassified ], under the direction of their local man, [ name not declassified ], who is in charge of their supply and transportation.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ho/frus/ike/guat/20176.htm (14599 words)

	Science Fair Projects - CIA cryptonym
		LINCOLN - Ongoing operation involving Basque separatist group ETA
		PBFORTUNE - CIA project to supply forces opposed to Guatemala 's President Arbenz with weapons, supplies, and funding; predecessor to PBSUCCESS.
		TPAJAX - Joint US/UK operation to overthrow Mohammed Mossadeq, Prime Minister of Iran
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/CIA_cryptonym (739 words)

	Kate Doyle and Peter Kornbluh, CIA and Assassinations: The Guatemala 1954 Documents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		These documents, including an instructional guide on assassination found among the training files of the CIA's covert &#34;Operation PBSUCCESS," were among several hundred records released by the Agency on May 23, 1997 on its involvement in the infamous 1954 coup in Guatemala.
		As early as February of that year, CIA Headquarters began generating memos with subject titles such as "Guatemalan Communist Personel to be disposed of during Military Operations,"; outlining categories of persons to be neutralized "through Executive Action"--murder--or through imprisonment and exile.
		But the declassifiers of this study, and other related documents, have deleted the names of the targeted individuals, making it impossible to verify that none of them were killed during or in the aftermath of the coup.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/47/156.html (1005 words)

	The Education Forum > Silencers, CIA, and paranoia
		The user should not forget that the sound of the operation of a repeating action is considerable, and that the sound of bullet strike, particularly in bone is quite loud.
		While the real story was never unveiled, the man who rose to power shortly thereafter, Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes, was the U.S.'s main ally in the training of the Bay of Pigs, an operation run by the same CIA men involved in the 1954 coup and the CIA study in assassination.
		This brings up the question of who in the CIA were the propaganda specialists for the Guatemalan operation. And we have our answers in the names of E. Howard Hunt and David A Phillips.
	educationforum.ipbhost.com /lofiversion/index.php/t3184.html (6743 words)

	FRUS \| Guatemala
		The operation to overthrow Guatemalan President Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán in 1954, a decisive event in U.S. relations with Latin America early in the cold war, is the topic of a retrospective volume of the Department of State's official documentary history, Foreign Relations of the United States, released on May 15, 2003.
		The operation in Guatemala is an important instance of the use of covert action to implement U.S. foreign policy, and this volume provides a detailed account of that action.
		Most of the DO documentation includes extensive records for PBFORTUNE, a 1951 contingency plan for ousting Arbenz; PBSUCCESS, the plan that was actually implemented; and PBHISTORY, the project to collect and analyze documents of the Arbenz government.
	www.unc.edu /depts/diplomat/archives_roll/2003_04-06/frus_200305/frus_200305.html (521 words)

	JACOBO ARBENZ GUZMÃ¡N FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		In 1952 the Communist Guatemalan Labor Party was legalized; Communists subsequently gained considerable minority influence over important peasant organizations, labor_union s, and the governing political party.
		The CIA, having drafted Operation PBFORTUNE, was already concerned about Arbenz's potential Communist ties, and the UFC lobbied the CIA and the Eisenhower administration to take action, raising similar concerns once its landholdings had been expropriated.
		In 1954, the administration decided to commission the CIA to sponsor a coup_d'Ã©tat, code-named Operation_PBSUCCESS (changed from its earlier PBFORTUNE title) that toppled the government; Arbenz resigned on June_27, 1954 and was forced to flee.
	www.statelawonline.com /Jacobo_Arbenz_Guzm%C3%A1n (381 words)

	Politics
		operations are intended to make Castro's downfall seem to be the result of his own mistakes.
		Panamanian legislature names Noriega head of government and declares Panama is in a "state of war" with the U.S. The U.S. invades Panama and removes Noriega.
		1995: CIA covert operator Terry Ward was fired by the CIA for mismanagement of the Guatemalan military in Guatemala...
	www.richardrandall.com /personal/why_hate.html (4673 words)

	CIA - S23Wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Agency, created in 1947 by President Harry S. Truman, is a descendant of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) of World War II.
		In a briefing held September 15, 2001 George Tenet presented the Worldwide Attack Matrix, a "top-secret" document describing covert CIA anti-terror operations in 80 countries in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa.
		The actions, underway or being recommended, would range from "routine propaganda to lethal covert action in preparation for military attacks".
	is-root.de /wiki/index.php/CIA (322 words)

	Operation PBFORTUNE
		Operation PBFORTUNE was the name of a contingency plan drafted by the U.S Central Intelligence Agency in 1951 that outlined a method of ousting President Jacobo Arbenz of Guatemala if he was deemed a Communist threat in the hemisphere.
		The plan was a precursor to Operation PBSUCCESS, codename for the covert operation that went forward successfully in 1954.
		U.S. State Department report on Guatemalan situation and early CIA planning
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/o/op/operation_pbfortune.html (92 words)

	[No title]
		Every foreign country and every agent and operation in that country has a cryptonym that begins with the same two letters.
		(DC-130s were already in theater operating Lightning Bug drones.) The idea was turned down by the Pentagon, however, and the T-33s were sold for $7 a ton as scrap.
		BA says it makes an operating profit on their birds, but only if you do the accounting such that you consider that the company received the airplanes as a GIFT from the British government.
	www.netwrx1.net /skunk-works/v09.n056 (4309 words)

	Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		This instability, combined with Arbenz's tolerance of PGT influence, caused the CIA to draw up a contingency plan entitled Operation PBFORTUNE in 1951.
		It outlined a method of ousting Arbenz if he were deemed a Communist threat in the hemisphere.
		In 1954, the administration decided to commission the CIA to sponsor a coup d'état, code-named Operation PBSUCCESS (changed from its earlier PBFORTUNE title) that toppled the government; Arbenz resigned on June 27, 1954 and was forced to flee.
	jacobo-arbenz.biography.ms (399 words)

	Index
		Operation PBFORTUNE, 12, 13, 20, 21, 22, 23, 26
		Operation PBFORTUNE, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29
		Operation PBFORTUNE, 1, 7, 12, 16, 17, 24, 27
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ho/frus/ike/guat/20173.htm (1235 words)

	Stephen M. Streeter \| Interpreting the 1954 U.S. Intervention in Guatemala: Realist, Revisionist, and Postrevisionist ...
		After the covert operation concluded, the Eisenhower administration as well as Castillo Armas and his followers asserted that the Liberation represented a popular revolution against a Communist dictatorship.
		Perhaps the most startling revelation in these new studies is confirmation of earlier reports that the CIA had contemplated assassinating high-ranking officials in the Arbenz administration.
		When that operation aborted in 1953, CIA officers drew up hit lists and offered training for Castillo Armas's "K" groups, which had been formed to eliminate prominent Guatemalan leaders during PBSUCCESS.
	www.historycooperative.org /journals/ht/34.1/streeter.html (5447 words)

	matthewgood.org :: mblog: August 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		From Israeli policy concerning Palestine, to North Korean nuclear policy, to Russian operations in regions such as Chechnya, unilateral action which once would have drawn mass condemnation is now a very real option for many nations with enough military fortitude to ensure that they cannot be easily dealt with by international interventions.
		As US marines and Iraqi security forces resumed their operation to evict insurgents from the Shrine of Ali, the holiest place in Shia Islam, the Iraqi interim government decided yesterday to treat the media as the enemy.
		Americaâs most successful intelligence operations during the Cold War had been saps, including the Navyâs submarine penetration of underwater cables used by the Soviet high command and construction of the Air Forceâs stealth bomber.
	www.matthewgood.org /mblog/archives/2004_08_01_archive.html (16034 words)

	Operation PBFORTUNE - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Operation PBFORTUNE was the name of a contingency plan drafted by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency in 1951 that outlined a method of ousting President Jacobo Arbenz of Guatemala if he was deemed a Communist threat in the hemisphere.
		The plan was a precursor to Operation PBSUCCESS, codename for the covert operation that went forward successfully in 1954.
		U.S. State Department report on Guatemalan situation and early CIA planning
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Operation_PBFORTUNE (95 words)

	NSU - Shepard Broad Law Center - Inter-American Center for Human Rights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		In 1954, the U.S. State Department and the CIA sponsored a covert operation resulting in the overthrow of the democratically-elected Guatemalan President, Jacobo Arbenz.
		The U.S. government used the potential threat of communism to justify its support for the Guatemalan government and its activities against the alleged guerrillas.
		The CIA directly employed Guatemalan military personnel in Guatemala with which it maintained continuous communications regarding their clandestine operations.
	www.nsulaw.nova.edu /iachr/background.cfm (979 words)

	GRANMA INTERNAtIONAL DIGITAL, CUBA ENGLISH
		Allen Dulles, brother of the secretary of state, headed the CIA at that time, and placed his country’s secret services at the disposition of family interests.
		The destabilizing operation PbFortune and later PbSuccess went into action in November 1953 under the government of Harry Truman (1945-1953).
		Military alliances with the Nicaragua of Anastasio Somoza, Honduras and El Salvador were also foreseen as points within that operation.
	www.granma.cu /INGLES/2003/julio/lun28/29americ.html (834 words)

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