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Topic: Operation Tannenberg

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	First World War.com - Primary Documents - The Battle of Tannenberg by Vasily Gurko, August 1914
		Tannenberg took its name from a large wood behind the battlefield into which the two central corps were driven and surrounded by the Germans, the entire forces, with all their remaining officers, being captured.
		The worse the organization of communication, the more an army commander is disinclined to come close to the actual scene of the fighting and by personal supervision counterbalance the failure to maintain communication between himself and the unit under his command.
		In the Battle of Tannenberg the preliminary success enjoyed by the troops under General Samsonof's immediate observation was such an encouraging picture that final victory appeared a matter of certainty.
	www.firstworldwar.com /source/tannenberg_gurko.htm (1205 words)

	Principles of War: A Translation from the Japanese
		The operation on exterior lines is an operation that centripetally concerts separated elements of combat power, the effectiveness of this combat power being concentrated on a single common point, so that it is the operation that makes maximum use of the principle of centripetalism.
		The primary aim in the conduct of operations on exterior lines is to expand the initial superiority in posture and the advantage of the initiative, force the enemy into a passive posture, conduct a centripetal operation, and hold and destroy the enemy from the perimeter.
		The essential of an operation on interior lines is to go against individual objectives with one's entire combined force, in other words, piecemeal defeat of an enemy split laterally or an enemy split in depth; and the concentration of combat power and the time element are of the greatest value for it.
	www-cgsc.army.mil /carl/resources/csi/csirp_pwatj/csirp_pwatj.asp (12714 words)

	Torpedoboot T9 Operational History
		Operation of the 1st and 2nd torpedo boat flotilla with T1, T4, T6, T7, T8, T9 and T10 against costal shipping at the British east coast.
		The operation is aborted due to the weather conditions.
		Mine laying operation "21 Oder" of the mine layers Brummer, Hansestadt Danzig, Königin Luise and Tannenberg.
	www.german-navy.de /kriegsmarine/ships/torpedoboats/torpedoboot1935/t9/operations.html (219 words)

	Amazon.ca: Tannenberg 1914: Books: John Sweetman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Battles of Tannenberg and the Masurian Lakes halted the Russian advance into East Prussia, presented to the world one of the best partnerships between generals in the history of the world: Hindenburg and Ludendorf, and is deemed by many to be Germany's greatest victory in the Great War.
		An interesting side note is that Tannenberg was the site of a Teutonic defeat at the hands of the Poles in 1410, and it was considered by many Germans that the battle fought in 1914 was their revenge, and, indeed, it probably was.
		Tannenberg 1914 consists of a historical prologue on the Battle of Tannenberg in 1410, five chapters on the campaign itself, an epilogue, a campaign chronology, an order of battle, a section on organization and weaponry, bibliography and notes.
	www.amazon.ca /Tannenberg-1914-John-Sweetman/dp/0304356352 (2039 words)

	Polish September Campaign - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Together the new operational methods were nicknamed blitzkrieg (lightning war), but historians generally hold that German operations during the campaign were conservative, owing more to traditional methods.
		Poland was a country well suited for mobile operations, being a country of flat plains with long frontiers totalling almost 3,500 miles.
		Also, during a pre-planned Operation Tannenberg, circa 20,000 Poles were shot in 760 mass execution sites by special units, the Einsatzgruppen, in addition to regular Wehrmacht, SS and Selbstschutz.
	arikah.com /encyclopedia/Polish_September_Campaign_1939 (6604 words)

	Einsatzgruppen Information
		Following the German invasion of the Netherlands, Belgium, and France in May 1940, the Einsatzgruppen once again travelled in the wake of the Wehrmacht, but unlike their operations in Poland, the Einsatzgruppen operations in Western Europe in 1940 were within the original mandate of securing government offices and papers.
		Had Operation Sealion, the German plan for an invasion of the United Kingdom been launched, six Einsatzgruppen were scheduled to follow the invasion force to Britain.
		The original mandate set by Heydrich for the four Einsatzgruppen sent into the Soviet Union as part of Operation Barbarossa was to secure the offices and papers of the Soviet state and Communist Party; liquidate all of the higher cadres of the Soviet state; and to instigate and encourage pogroms against all local Jewish populations.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/Einsatzgruppen (1717 words)

	When the Enemy Has Our Eyes
		Similarly, air forces operate in their own medium, but they too retain many similarities to their sister terrestrial forces, such as direction, geo-position, and constant physical affects of operating within the atmosphere.
		In the air, this is generally done by buoyancy, such as lighter-than-air operations, or by lift, via lifting bodies and thrust -- but not by speed because of the frictional drag and heat of the atmosphere.
		In other, more routine operations, if left without this sometimes last recourse, government could be left impotent to advantageously influence events, and may be forced to stand by and watch events take place which are against the national interest.
	www.fas.org /spp/eprint/billman.htm (14690 words)

	Operation Tannenberg - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The plan was created in May of 1939.
		Following the orders of Adolf Hitler, a special unit dubbed Tannenberg was created within the Reich Security Main Office (Reichssicherheitshauptamt).
		It commanded a number of Einsatzgruppen der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD formed of Gestapo, Kripo and SD officers who were theoretically subordinate to local Wehrmacht commanders.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Operation_Tannenberg (350 words)

	Operation teapot (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Operation Upshot-Knothole - 1953; Operation Teapot - 1955; Operation Nougat -1961-62; Operation Sunbeam - 1962; Operation Dominic II - 1962-3.
		The retired Marine Master Sergeant and wounded combat veteran was exposed toradiation during the Operation Teapot tests in Nevada, in 1955 operation teapot..
		Both were part of Operation Hardtack and had a yield of 3 operation teapot.75 Mt; On July 9, 1962,Thor missile 195 launched a Mk4 reentry vehicle containing a W49.
	www.homescrap.net /operation-teapot.html (441 words)

	INFOSEC and INFOWAR:
		The Russians lost at Tannenberg, starting them on a downward path that led ultimately to the fall of the Tsars, the ascent of the Evil Empire and its subjugation of half the world, and fifty years of Cold War.
		Moreover, revealing to the operational community the vulnerabilities being exploited for espionage purposes would increase the risk of disclosure and would jeopardize not only the intelligence activities but also the access required to conduct a successful offensive information warfare operation.
		Nimitz, the operational commander, elected to take the risk, although he minimized the danger by creating a cover story that coastwatchers had detected the flight.
	www.danjryan.com /MIntl.html (3239 words)

	20/German Camouflage schemes
		Indeed, from the opening shots of the war to the closing stages of the Third Reich, deception was a frequent accomplice to military action.
		By way of illustration, let me briefly recount one infamous operation on the eve of the war, so perverse and incredible, that references are provided for readers who might understandably question its authenticity.
		After a week's delay, the operation was finally put into effect on the night of August 31st.
	www.maskelynemagic.com /20germancamoufla.html (1965 words)

	2
		The message is rated as not very reliable because British forces have not the technology to lay such a long mine barrier and also not in bad weather.
		The Mine-ships “Tannenberg”, “Königin Luise” are transferred from Gruppe West to Gruppe Ost for merchant-warfare.
		In the running operation 19 steamers were seized until now.
	chrito.users1.50megs.com /1939/okt/2okt39see.htm (443 words)

	Tannenberg
		The ferry Tannenberg was used for mine laying operations in the Baltic Sea until May 1940.
		After cancellation of this operation, the Tannenberg worked on the so called "Westwall" mine barriers in the North Sea.
		Thwe wreck of the Tannenberg was scrapped in 1952.
	www.german-navy.de /kriegsmarine/ships/minelayer/tannenberg/index.html (139 words)

	Invasion of Poland (1939)
		Together the new operational methods were nicknamed blitzkrieg (lightning war), but historians generally hold that German operations during the campaign were conservative, owing more to traditional methods.
		Poland was a country well suited for mobile operations when the weather cooperated - a country of flat plains with long frontiers totalling almost 3,500 miles, Poland had long borders with Germany on the west and north (facing East Prussia) of 1,250 miles.
		Also, during a planned Operation Tannenberg, nearly 20,000 Poles were shot in 760 mass execution sites by special units, the Einsatzgruppen, in addition to regular Wehrmacht, SS and Selbstschutz.
	www.pastywhitegirl.com /search/Invasion_of_Poland_(1939) (6618 words)

	c-ww1-Campaign1914-classnotes
		This was the German war plan concocted by Alfred von Schlieffen, Chief of the German general staff in the mid-1890s.
		Battle of Tannenberg (Aug. 26-Sept. 14, 1914): massive German victory against the Russian forces in East Prussia.
		Tannenberg was not adequate compensation for the Marne.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Parthenon/9507/c-ww1-Campaign1914-classnotes.html (1183 words)

	Powell's Books - Operation Barbarossa 1941 V1 by Robert Kirchubel
		Operation Barbarossa was one of the key campaigns of World War II, using the classic "Blitzkrieg" tactics.
		This is a detailed analysis of the campaign by the German Army Group South from the battles on the frontier to the German high-water mark at Rostov.
		Operation Barbarossa, Germany’ s surprise assault on the Soviet Union in June 1941, aimed at nothing less than the complete destruction of Communist Russia.
	www.powellsbooks.com /biblio?isbn=1841766976 (782 words)

	Invasion of Poland (1939)
		Poland was a country well suited for mobile operations when the weather cooperated - a country of flat plains with long frontiers totalling almost 3,500 miles, Poland had long borders with Germany on the west and north (facing East Prussia) of 1,250 miles.
		Those had been extended by another 500 miles on the southern side in the aftermath of the Munich Agreement of 1938; the German incorporation of Bohemia and Moravia and creation of the German puppet state of Slovakia meant that Poland's southern flank was exposed to invasion.
		Also, during a pre-planned Operation Tannenberg, nearly 20,000 Poles were shot in 760 mass execution sites by special units, the Einsatzgruppen, in addition to regular Wehrmacht, SS and Selbstschutz.
	www.parsnava.com /biography/sdmc_Polish_September_Campaign (6530 words)

	Clinton Goveas :: Wikipedia Reference
		It's primary operational unit was the XX Infanterie Korps, and the XXXXVII Panzer Korps.
		Most of the Jewish community in Danzig was able to escape from the Nazis shortly before the outbreak of hostilities.
		However, German secret police had been observing Polish circles since 1936, compiling information which in 1939 served to prepare conscription lists of Poles to be arrested or executed in Operation Tannenberg.
	www.clintongoveas.com /wikipedia/?title=Danzig (3048 words)

	SparkNotes: World War I (1914–1919): Key People & Terms
		One month later, Hindenburg was promoted to commander in chief of the German land armies, the position in which he served until the end of the war.
		The operation failed and cost hundreds of thousands of lives before the British abandoned the operation and evacuated their forces at the start of 1916.
		The operation was a success and forced the Germans to retreat.
	www.sparknotes.com /history/european/ww1/terms.html (2062 words)

	The Holocaust Chronicle PROLOGUE: Roots of the Holocaust, page 169
		Although Hitler signed the authorization for this so-called "euthanasia" program in October 1939, the document was backdated to September 1--the day World War II began--to create the impression that the "mercy killings" were a wartime necessity.
		The euthanasia campaign, called Operation T-4, was code-named after the address of the confiscated Jewish villa at Tiergartenstrasse 4, which was the address of the program's central administrative offices.
		September 1-October 25, 1939: Operation Tannenberg, carried out by SS Einsatzgruppen (mobile kill squads), leads to the murders of Polish Jews and Catholic intellectuals and to the burnings of synagogues in Poland.
	www.holocaustchronicle.org /staticpages/169.html (626 words)

	Battle of Tannenberg
		The Battle of Tannenberg is considered the single most brilliantly conducted operation of the entire war.
		The German official history of war asserts that Tannenberg was the greatest battle of encirclement in world history.
		It was here, Tannenberg, where the Germans had demonstrated skilled planning, swift movement, and considerable daring to lure the Russian Second Army into encirclement and annihilate them.
	www.radessays.com /viewpaper.php?nats=MTAxMToyOjE,0,0,0,0&request=24293 (237 words)

	Hard-boiled Dreams of the World » Blog Archive » Fake Invasion at Gleiwitz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It was there that the operation’s leader, Alfred Naujocks, spilled the beans in a written affidavit.
		Some writers refer to it as ‘Operation Tannenberg,’ while others call it ‘Operation Himmler.’ Only one of the two can possibly be correct, but if the inside story of the operation has come to light, then the true nomenclature must also be known.
		Sixth, the history of ‘Operation Tannenberg’ was written not by an historian but by a war crimes trial veteran, Alfred Spiess.
	joecrubaugh.com /blog/2007/01/31/fake-invasion-at-gleiwitz (2733 words)

	Gdańsk - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Most of the Jewish community in Danzig was able to escape from the Nazis shortly before the outbreak of hostilities.
		However, German secret police had been observing Polish circles since 1936, compiling information which in 1939 served to prepare conscription lists of Poles to be arrested or executed in Operation Tannenberg.
		After the final Soviet offensive began in January 1945, hundreds of thousands of German refugees fled through the city's port in a large-scale naval operation employing hundreds of German cargo and passenger ships.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Gdansk (2739 words)

	Soviet aggression
		The Polish defense was already broken, with their only hope being retreat and reorganisation in the south-eastern region (the Romanian Bridgehead), when on September 17, 1939, it was rendered obsolete overnight.
		The Polish September Campaign was the start to one of the costliest total wars ever waged in Europe, with civilian casualties being high during and after the fighting.
		Also, during a pre-planned Operation Tannenberg, circa 20,000 Poles were shot in 760 mass execution sites by special units, the Einsatzgruppen, in addition to regular Wehrmacht, SS and Selbstschutz.
	www.tagate.com /wars/world_war_2/soviet_aggression.shtml (883 words)

	Tannenberg [Archive] - The Aerodrome Forum
		29 June 2003, 05:03 AM I have just finished the book "Tannenberg 1914" by John Sweetman and was surprised to discover that the author does not cater to the theory that aerial recon was decisive to the victorious Germans.
		Instead of Ludendorff's often attributed,"No aerial intelligence,no Tannenberg" it is mentioned that both Hindenburg and Ludendorff found information so gleaned "vague :-/" and inadequate at the time of the battle.
		I would think that Tannenberg presented a much different situation for recon purposes than the Western Front, because the battle was very fluid and dynamic as opposed to the static trench warfare in France/Belgium.
	www.theaerodrome.com /forum/archive/index.php/t-2594.html (1356 words)

	Oregon ConSim Games - Clash of Eagles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It wasn’t because whole units were destroyed (except in a few special cases, such as at Tannenberg, nowhere were whole units eliminated during 1914).
		The Tannenberg Campaign culminated in the Battle of Tannenberg where Generals Hindenburg and Ludendorff became famous.
		Players will see the magnitude of this campaign and learn of the incredible number of losses sustained, as their armies are smashed and recover to fight again.
	www.consimgames.com /tite.html (1980 words)

	Operation Tannenberg at AllExperts
		Operation Tannenberg (German: Unternehmen Tannenberg) was the codename for one of the extermination actions directed at the Polish people during World War II, part of the Generalplan Ost.
		Following the orders of Adolf Hitler, a special unit dubbed Tannenberg was created within the Reich Security Main Office (Reichssicherheitshauptamt).
		It commanded a number of Einsatzgruppen der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD formed of Gestapo,Kripo and SD officers who were theoretically subordinate to local Wehrmacht commanders.
	en.allexperts.com /e/o/op/operation_tannenberg.htm (434 words)

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