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Monoclonal antibody

Patent 6,224,870 In another embodiment of the invention, where a first and second portion of an opsonin, when covalently associated via a non-peptide bond, form an APC binding domain, them first or second portion of the opsonin may be fused in-frame to the antigen to form a fusion polypeptide. Therefore, in another aspect, the invention pertains to a multichain polypeptide complex comprising a first portion of an innate opsonin which in the presence of a second portion of an innate opsonin forms an APC binding domain, and a fusion polypeptide that comprises an antigen and the second portion of the opsonin. The first portion of the innate opsonin is associated with the fusion polypeptide containing the second portion of the opsonin via a covalent linkage. pharmcast.com /Patents/Yr2001/May2001/050101/6224870_Vaccine050101.htm   (812 words)

Granularin, a novel molluscan opsonin comprising a single vWF type C domain is up-regulated during parasitation -- SMIT ... Granularin, a novel molluscan opsonin comprising a single vWF type C domain is up-regulated during parasitation -- SMIT et al. Granularin, a novel molluscan opsonin comprising a single vWF type C domain is up-regulated during parasitation opsonin raised by Wright and Douglas in 1903. www.fasebj.org /cgi/content/full/18/7/845   (1361 words)

INABIS '98 - Activation and Deposition of Human Breast-milk Complement C3 Opsonins on a Serum Sensitive Bacteria The inhibition of optimal deposition of opsonin on killed bacteria by MFGM, was also observed using appropriate buffers supporting both the classical and alternative pathways of C activation, when whole-milk was compared to de-fatted milk samples. Deposition of opsonin was consistently greater in de-fatted milk compared to whole-milk samples. The inhibition of c activation was approximately equal for both the classical and alternative pathways in the colostrum, while the inhibition of the classical pathway predominated in the transitional milk (Table 2). www.mcmaster.ca /inabis98/immunology/ogundele0177/four.html   (402 words)

Opsonin An opsonin is any molecule that acts as a binding enhancer for the process of phagocytosis. Phagocytic cells express receptors that bind opsonin molecules. Furthermore, opsonization of the antigen and subsequent binding to an activated phagocyte will cause increased expression of complement receptors on neighboring phagocytes. www.mrsci.com /Immune-System/Opsonin.php   (106 words)

Role of Oxygen in Phagocyte Microbicidal Action Under assay conditions where immune mediator and opsonin exposure are controlled, luminescence analysis of the initial phase of opsonin-stimulated oxygenation activity allows functional assessment of the opsonin receptor expression per circulating phagocyte and can be used to gauge the in vivo state of immune activation. Opsonin receptor-dependent oxidase-driven MPO activity was measured with LBSS as the C medium. Response to this opsonin was tested in the absence and presence of sufficient inflammatory agent to produce maximum neutrophil opsonin receptor expression. www.ehponline.org /members/1994/Suppl-10/allen-full.html   (4929 words)

[Frontiers in Bioscience, 3, d136-151, February 1, 1998] In the absence of opsonins, acapsular strains are ingested following binding to mannose and beta-glucan receptors in the yeast cell wall that are blocked by the presence of the capsule (113). The cytokines TNF-alpha and GM-CSF enhance phagocytosis by increasing the affinity of CR3 for the yeast (119), and interferon (IFN)-gamma produced by endogenous T cells is required for maximal degrees of phagocytosis and expression of markers of macrophage activation in mice (120). Nonetheless, the ability of Ab to function as an opsonin in the absence of complement is potentially of clinical importance, as complement depletion has been reported in patients and guinea pigs with disseminated cryptococcal disease, but not in patients who are not fungemic (123). www.bioscience.org /1998/v3/d/feldmess/8.htm   (3749 words)

Oncology in Orange County Therefore these antigens are like stars on a dark cloudless night and become targets for oncologists to fire at. When the antibody becomes attached to a cell wall, it complexes with Compliment or Opsonin (Compliment is the name of a protein. Opsonin is a supporting protein that helps antibodies damage the cells they attach onto) or becomes a target for killer lymphocytes to kill the cells. www.medonc.com /newdrugs.htm   (638 words)

The Individualist: Opsonization Both the membrane of a phagocytising cell, as well as its next meal, have a negative charge (zeta-potential), making it difficult for the two cells to come close together. Opsonins are freely circulating serum molecules which are produced to attach to the surface of microbes, rendering them more attractive to phagocytes. Is calculated by dividing the number of bacteria in blood per phagocyte when an immune response has been mounted compared to that previously. dadamo.com /wiki/wiki.pl?action=browse;oldid=Opsonin;id=Opsonization   (381 words)

Stealth Nanoparticles for Long Term In Vivo Drug Treatment   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04) Nanoparticles become recognizable to the cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), and are subsequently cleared from circulation by phagocytosis, through a process called opsonization. An opsonin is a proteinaceous molecule that acts as a binding enhancer for the process of phagocytosis. In order to improve the in vivo survival rate of nanoparticles, researchers are therefore trying to engineer a long circulating nanocarrier with a surface that can avoid opsonin adsorption and the subsequent clearance from the body by phagocytic cells. www.prweb.com /releases/2006/9/prweb442479.htm   (532 words)

infec8 After binding to a mannose group on a microbial cell surface, it may act as a substitute for C1q, reacting with C1r and C1s to form a Class 1 esterase which reacts with C2 and C4 to form a C3 convertase and subsequently C3b. Theoretically, MBP could also act directly as an opsonin, binding to mannose on a microbial surface and the C1q receptor on a phagocyte. Some react with various opsonins which form a bridge between the microbial surface and the phagocyte surface. www.uicomp.uic.edu /Dept/pathology/infec8.htm   (4883 words)

www.myspace.com/opsonin I started to talk to him, and he said he played bass. That was the beginning of WTF, now Opsonin. The next day I talked to my friend Joel, and he said he was in on it too. myspace.com /opsonin   (334 words)

Complement System C3b remains bound to the complex at the surface of the microorganism. This not only activates the next step, but also C3b is a good opsonin. Name a component of the activated complement system that serves as a good opsonin. courses.washington.edu /conj/inflammation/complement.htm   (482 words)

Specialty Laboratories ::: we help doctors help patients In the first line of host defense against pathogens, MBL acts as an opsonin by binding to collectin receptors that activate the innate complement cascade. MBL, encoded by the MBL2 gene on chromosome 10, is a C-type lectin that binds to mannose and N-acetylglucosamine structures present on certain microbial surfaces, including bacteria, mycobacteria, yeast and fungi, and makes them directly accessible for phagocytosis through MBL receptors or activates the complement cascade. Human mannose-binding protein functions as an opsonin for influenza A viruses. www.specialtylabs.com /books/display.asp?id=832   (1266 words)

Increased Phagocyte Fcgamma RI Expression and Improved Fcgamma -Receptor-Mediated Phagocytosis After In Vivo ... Phagocyte opsonic receptor expression, serum opsonin levels, and phagocytosis of bacteria were then measured. The expression of opsonic receptors on phagocytes was measured, as were levels of serum opsonins, and correlated with the extent of ingestion of bacteria by neutrophils after the treatment of normal human subjects with rhIFN- in patients with CGD may be related to upregulation of Fc -receptor expression by phagocytes, increased serum levels of opsonin LBP, and a subsequent improvement in the ability of phagocytes to ingest microbes. www.bloodjournal.org /cgi/content/full/90/8/3187   (5630 words)

Hakata Antigen, a New Member of the Ficolin/Opsonin p35 Family, Is a Novel Human Lectin Secreted into Bronchus/Alveolus ... opsonin p35, higher in the collagen-like domain (48%, 54%) and Matsushita M, Endo Y, Taira S, Sato Y, Fujita T, Ichikawa N, Nakata M, Mizouchi T (1996) A novel human serum lectin with collagen- and fibrinogen-like domains that functions as an opsonin. van Iwaarden JF, van Strijp JA, Ebskamp MJ, Welmers AC, van Golde LM (1991) Surfactant protein A is opsonin in phagocytosis of Herpes simplex virus type 1 by rat alveolar macrophages. www.jhc.org /cgi/content/full/47/6/777   (3707 words)

Opsonins Also required are "hit-men" to deal with the microbe after the antibody provides the identification. Earlier, in the context of innate immunity, we encountered the concept of an opsonin. But by far the most effective opsonins are antibodies of the type IgG and IgM. courses.washington.edu /conj/immune/abeffector.htm   (495 words)

Lysozyme - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Lysozyme can act to some extent as an innate opsonin, or as an actively lytic enzyme. Lysozyme serves as a non-specific innate opsonin by binding to the bacterial surface, reducing the negative charge and facilitating phagocytosis of the bacterium before opsonins from the acquired immune system arrive at the scene. In other words, lysosyme makes it easier for phagocytic white blood cells to engulf bacteria. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Lysozyme   (564 words)

eMedicine - Complement Deficiencies : Article by R Krishna Chaganti Deficiency of C3, the major opsonin, results in recurrent pyogenic infections, particularly with encapsulated bacteria. Patients also have a decrease in classic pathway production of the opsonin C3b, but the alternative and MBL pathways seem to compensate for this defect because opsonin is not completely absent. The role of C3b as an opsonin is essential in defense against neisserial infection, and the risk of overwhelming neisserial infection increases in the absence of properdin. www.emedicine.com /med/topic419.htm   (4484 words)

ASSESSMENT OF CERTAIN NEUTROPHIL RECEPTORS, OPSONOPHAGOCYTOSIS AND SOLUBLE INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE.1 (ICAM-1) ... Immunoglobulins and complement factors serve as opsonins and facilitate phagocytosis via specific opsonin receptors. The expression of these receptors is modulated by chemoattractants and cytokines, as well as by injury and various diseases. The present study was performed with Egyptian burn patients in order to assess the time course of PM1- expression of the opsonin receptors Fcy RIII, CRI and CR3, opsonophagocytosis of PMLs, and plasma-soluble ICAM1 concentrations in the first 20 days post-burn. www.medbc.com /annals/review/vol_11/num_1/text/vol11n1p27.htm   (3669 words)

The sea urchin complement homologue, SpC3, functions as an opsonin -- Clow et al. 207 (12): 2147 -- Journal of ... The sea urchin complement homologue, SpC3, functions as an opsonin -- Clow et al. There are many types of opsonins that have been characterized opsonin that does not rely on a cascade of events to magnify jeb.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/207/12/2147   (5424 words)

[No title] OPSONIZATION: C3b is a better opsonin than antibody alone, but antibody and C3b is even better. Of course, without an opsonin, there will be some phagocytosis, but with an opsonin, it works better, because the phagocytes have special receptors for the opsonins. Eg, the phagocyte has a C3b receptor, and has an Fc receptor to bind the constant region of the Ab - so when Ab and C3b are present, the binding of phagocyte and target cell is vastly improved. www.hillary.net /school/winter.97/immunology/immuno.lec.01.03.97   (2557 words)

The Daily Star: Internet Edition Tue. January 24, 2006   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04) Rising fundamentalism is the main obstacle to ensuring human rights and it has started to influence people's thought processes, speakers at a seminar said yesterday. At least 20 people were injured in a clash between the hired goons of the authorities and the factory workers of Opsonin Chemical Industries Ltd in Barisal yesterday over realisation of the workers' demands. The government is going to set up an anti-terrorist unit with the assistance of the United States to curb democratic movements of the opposition, said the leaders of Workers' Party at a press conference www.thedailystar.net /2006/01/24/d6012406.htm   (459 words)

Melissa M. Bourque   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04) These non-biotinylated macrophage membranes were generated to determine the presence of the biotin label interfered with L. pneumophila attachment. Following the U-937 cell outer membrane isolation L. pneumophila was used to probe potential receptors specific for Legionella binding to the nonbiotinylated macrophage outer membranes in an opsonin independent manner. Such binding will be determined using an anti-Legionella antibody and HRP assay system. www.unh.edu /mcnair/92.m_bourque.abs.html   (217 words)

Immunity Opsonisation - the process of coating micro-organisms with some of the proteins found in plasma, to make them more easily phagocytosable. An OPSONIN is a plasma protein binding to bacteria. This promotes adhesion between the opsonised bacteria and macrophages because the opsonin binds to receptors on phagocyte membrane e.g. www-micro.msb.le.ac.uk /MBChB/1b.html   (957 words)

PTX3 function as an opsonin for the dectin-1-dependent internalization of zymosan by macrophages -- Diniz et al. 75 ... PTX3 function as an opsonin for the dectin-1-dependent internalization of zymosan by macrophages -- Diniz et al. PTX3 function as an opsonin for the dectin-1-dependent internalization of zymosan by macrophages Zy is dependent on dectin-1 as demonstrated by the inhibitory www.jleukbio.org /cgi/content/full/75/4/649   (4952 words)

Humoral It also refers to the effector functions of antibody, which include pathogen and toxin neutralization, classical complement activation, and opsonin promotion of phagocytosis and pathogen elimination. In order to act as opsonins or to activate cells, antigen-bound antibodies bind to Fc receptors. Several different FcR have been identified on the membranes of granulocytes, dendritic cells, B cells, NK cells, and mast cells. microvet.arizona.edu /Courses/MIC419/Tutorials/humoral.html   (3802 words)

JAMA -- Is C-Reactive Protein an Inflammation Opsonin That Signals Colon Cancer Risk?, February 4, 2004, Pasche and ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04) JAMA -- Is C-Reactive Protein an Inflammation Opsonin That Signals Colon Cancer Risk?, February 4, 2004, Pasche and Serhan 291 (5): 623 Is C-Reactive Protein an Inflammation Opsonin That Signals Colon Cancer Risk? Since this article does not have an abstract, we have provided the first 150 words of the full text and any section headings. jama.ama-assn.org /cgi/content/extract/291/5/623   (196 words)

The Role of Sialic Acid in Opsonin-Dependent and Opsonin-Independent Adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes to Murine ... of opsonins by a population of listericidal macrophages (8). monocytogenes by macrophages in the presence of opsonins has been investigated (7, 21), the Attachment in both the presence and absence of opsonins is strongly iai.asm.org /cgi/content/full/66/2/620   (4432 words)

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