Optical spectrum - Factbites

Optical spectrum - Factbites
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Topic: Optical spectrum

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	Optical spectrum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The visible spectrum is the portion of the optical spectrum (light or electromagnetic spectrum) that is visible to the human eye.
		Helium was first detected through an analysis of the spectrum of the Sun; chemical elements can be detected in astronomical objects by emission lines and absorption lines; and the shifting of spectral lines can be used to measure the redshift or blueshift of distant or fast-moving objects.
		The scientific study of objects based on the spectrum of the light they emit is called spectroscopy.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Optical_spectrum (837 words)

	Method and system for optical spectrum analysis with a depolarized local oscillator signal - US Patent 6671056
		In an embodiment, the optical spectrum analyzer includes a processor for receiving the electrical signal from the optical receiver and generating an output signal that is indicative of an optical parameter of the input signal, wherein the processor monitors a heterodyne beat signal that is a component of the combined optical signal.
		During optical spectrum analysis, the local oscillator source generates a highly coherent local oscillator signal that is swept across a range of frequencies, or wavelengths, in order to detect the input signal over the range of frequencies or wavelengths.
		When the optical spectrum analyzer is utilized for optical network or component analysis, the characteristics of a network or a single component can be determined by inputting a known input signal into the network or the single component and then measuring the response to the known signal.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/6671056.html (6662 words)

	Spectral bandwidth calibration of an optical spectrum analyzer - US Patent 6614527
		Optical spectrum analyzer according to claim 12, characterized by a second storage means for storing the determined spectral bandwidths of the optical spectrum analyzer at the respective wavelengths of the reference lines.
		Optical spectrum analyzer according to claim 13, wherein initially, the spectral bandwidths from manufacturer calibration are stored in the second storage means.
		a spectral bandwidth determination means for determining the spectral bandwidths of the optical spectrum analyzer from the known spectral bandwidths of the reference lines and from the spectral bandwidths of the reference lines at the respective wavelengths of the reference lines, measured with the optical spectrum analyzer.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/6614527.html (2428 words)

	Optical spectrum measuring device - Patent 5825484
		Additionally, the optical spectrum measuring device of the present invention has a control section which applies the inverted bias voltage to the optical detector by the voltage applying means when an output value from the optical detector exceeds a pre-stored maximum output value of non-saturation of the optical detector.
		An optical spectrum measuring device in accordance with claim 1, wherein said control section applies the inverted bias voltage to said optical detector by said voltage applying means when an output value from said optical detector exceeds a pre-stored maximum output value of non-saturation of said optical detector.
		Upon measuring the spectrum, the rotation of the diffraction grating 23 is stopped before and after the previously determined wavelength interval, and the application of the inverted bias voltage to the optical detector 3 is controlled to be turned on and off.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5825484.html (3255 words)

	Silica Aerogels- Optical Properties
		Briefly, the transmission spectrum of an aerogel slab of known thickness is measured and the transmission is plotted against the inverse fourth power of the wavelength.
		As the spectrum moves into the infrared, scattering becomes less important, and standard molecular vibrations account for the spectral structure.
		The optical properties of silica aerogels are best described by the phrase "silica aerogels are transparent".
	eande.lbl.gov /ECS/aerogels/saoptic.htm (783 words)

	EM Spectrum
		The electromagnetic spectrum is a continuum of all electromagnetic waves arranged according to frequency and wavelength.
		The rainbow of colors we know as visible light is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths between 400 and 700 billionths of a meter (400 to 700 nanometers).
		This spectrum includes not only visible light (only a small portion of this spectrum) but also ultraviolet and infrared, microwave, radio and gamma waves.
	www.electro-optical.com /bb_rad/emspect.htm (850 words)

	The EM Spectrum
		Optical light is only a small part of the much more expansive electromagnetic spectrum that includes everything from so-called gamma rays at the shortest wavelengths to radio waves at the longest wavelengths.
		Likewise, beyond the violet of the optical spectrum lies a broad region known as the ultraviolet, which blends into the X-ray region, followed by the the shortest wavelength radiation known, the gamma rays.
		For instance, the infrared region is sometimes broken into the "near-infrared" (closest to the red optical spectrum) and the "far-infrared" (closest the the microwave or radio region).
	fuse.pha.jhu.edu /~wpb/spectroscopy/em_spec.html (624 words)

	Extinction of the continuum source
		Assuming that the intrinsic optical spectrum of MCG-6-30-15 is similar to that found in unreddened Seyfert 1 nuclei, the reddening of the optical continuum source E(B-V) is in the range 0.65-0.78.
		Assuming that the optical continuum is associated with an accretion disk embedded inside the BLR, this result suggests that little dust is present between the accretion disk and the region where the bulk of the the broad line photons are emitted.
		The reddening of the optical continuum source is consistent with the lower end of the reddening derived from the H
	www.astro.umd.edu /~chris/publications/html_papers/aat/node14.html (204 words)

	13350.000309&ELEMENT_SET=DECL
		The apparatus according to claim 19 wherein the optical splitter has a first branch of the input and the at least one grating is located at the first branch of the input and further including a bandpass filter optically connected between the optical splitter and the input to the optical switch.
		Multiple optical fibers 11 are inputted to an optical switch 12 and the single output of switch 12 is inputted into a tunable channel selector 14 with the spectral output 13 of switch 12 shown.
		includes an optical splitter having an input and an output and having a first branch of the output optically connected to the input to the optical switch, at least one grating located at the input to the optical splitter and a light emitting diode located at a second branch of the splitter output.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=00/13350.000309&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3178 words)

	robinson
		The Evolution of the Optical Spectrum of the X-Ray Transient RXTE J0421+560 (= CI Cam) The B[e] star CI Cam is the optical counterpart of the X-ray transient XTE J0421+560, which erupted on 1998 March 31.
		The spectrum is dominated by emission lines produced in a complex circumstellar environment.
		We have obtained a long series of high-resolution spectrograms of CI Cam beginning near the end of the optical outburst and continuing through spring 2000.
	www.astro.keele.ac.uk /workshop/robinson (147 words)

	Article: Optical Spectrum Analyzer Q8384
		In the design of Optical Spectrum Analyzer Q8384, the focus was on accuracy and speed for laboratory applications.
		Advantest, a longtime cooperating partner of Rohde &Schwarz, has developed and produced measuring instruments for optical communication for almost 15 years.
	www.rohde-schwarz.com /www/publicat.nsf/article/n170_q8384 (39 words)

	The Optical Spectrum
		Optical spectrum charts are conventionally plotted in terms of increasing wavelength and decreasing frequency, unlike charts plotted for lower-frequency portions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
		The spectral cutoff points shown for optical elements are the wavelengths where response falls below approximately 50%.
		The wavelenght scale of the upper chart is logarithmic, while that of the expanded visible spectrum below it is linear.
	www.salsburg.com /optical/optical.html (70 words)

	System Measures Optical Spectrum Components While Preserving Spatial Detail
		Conventional commercial spectrometers or spectrophotometers are usually able to measure optical spectrum from a specified surface area at one point.
		This is done either with one detector scanning the spectrum in narrow wavelength bands or with an array detector, in which case all the spectral components are acquired at once.
		If one desires to measure the spectrum at several spatial locations of the specified surface, the target under examination or the measuring instrument has to be mechanically scanned.
	www.nasatech.com /Briefs/Nov03/DVT1103.html (631 words)

	Laser Focus World - Swept coherent heterodyne techniques provide high resolution
		While a full-featured spectrum analyzer that can measure over the whole optical spectrum of interest with the same precision as an RF spectrum analyzer is not yet a reality, a first entry has been made into this high-resolution area of spectrometry.
		The optical spectrum is determined from the square of the field measurement, providing sum and difference frequencies of the applied optical fields.
		Optical signals with subcarrier modulation can be examined on the optical channel without the need for detection systems that are not part of the actual network or optical transmission path.
	lfw.pennnet.com /Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Article_ID=142967&CFID=1078487&CFTOKEN=58013618 (1380 words)

	Leonid MAC '99 - News on the Leonid shower.
		The spectrum of the train is the fuzzy band to the left of the image of the train, seen in the picture above, and is created by using an objective grating in front of the camera.
		Figure left is a trace of the slit-less spectrum, while the figure to the right shows the result using the slit spectrograph.
		Jiri Borovicka measured the rare train spectrum shown below left of the "Y2K" persistent train.
	leonid.arc.nasa.gov /leonidnews23.html (612 words)

	23057.980528&ELEMENT_SET=DECL
		A method for spread spectrum communications over an optical fiber, the method comprising: spreading the spectrum of a broad band light source along a first axis; selectively attenuating different portions of the spectrum to define a discrete analog spatial encoding function in the spectrum; and combining the attenuated spectrum for transmission over an optical fiber.
		In the spread spectrum encoder of claim 15, wherein the mask modulates a first state with the first discrete wavelet on a first portion of the spread spectrum and modulates a second state with the second discrete wavelet on a second portion of the spread spectrum.
		The encoder of claim 1, wherein the mask imposes a spatial spectrum on the light passing through the mask, the spatial spectrum being the spectrum of a discrete analog function.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=98/23057.980528&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (4392 words)

	The light and the distance - 12/30/2005 - Test and Measurement World
		Optical components that operate at 10 Gbps and are used in metro and regional networks to carry data, voice, and video.
		He used C-Cor's optical transport modules to generate signals in 20 DWDM channels and used the multiwavelength laser source for the remaining channels.
		Characterize the devices for optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and nonlinear effects to find the maximum reliable transmission distance if devices are unable to operate at 1500 km.
	www.ecnmag.com /article/NEc1230285.1hr (569 words)

	Anritsu MS9710B Optical Spectrum Analyzer
		The MS9710B is a diffraction-grating spectrum analyzer for analyzing optical spectra in the 0.6 to 1.75 µm wavelength band.
		In addition to uses such as measurement of LD and LED spectra, it has functions for measuring the transmission characteristics of passive elements such as optical isolators, as well as the NF/Gain of optical fiber systems.
		In addition to its basic features, the superior stability and reliability of the diffraction grating (patent pending) easily pass the severe specifications required for precise measurement of WDM communications methods, particularly in the 1.55 µm band.
	www.test-hire.co.uk /anritsu_ms9710b_optical_spectrum_analyzer.htm (469 words)

	Definition: optical spectrum
		Note: The term "optical spectrum" originally applied only to that region of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the normal human eye, but is now considered to include all wavelengths between the shortest wavelengths of radio and the longest of x-rays.
		optical spectrum: By custom and practice, the electromagnetic spectrum between the wavelengths of the vacuum ultraviolet at 0.001
	www.atis.org /tg2k/_optical_spectrum.html (107 words)

	optical network testing - fibre optic installation and maintenance test tools, OTDR, CD chromatic dispersion, PMD, polarisation, OSA optical spectrum analyser, DWDM , PON, metro
		The Optical Test Toolkit Module for the MTT combines all of the tests needed to qualify optical fibre networks and identify faults including a bi-directional loss test, optical return loss, and visual fault locator.
		The Optical Attenuator offers exceptional accuracy and linearity and is designed for measurement situations where traceability and full documentation is required.
		The n -OTDR is a specialist OTDR which allows the analysis of short optical networks (up to 40 km for single mode fibres, with measurements windows between 200 m and 800 m).
	www.phoenixdatacom.com /optical.html (1579 words)

	NEW ATOMIC SPECTRA from SOLIDS by BHARAT RADIATION
		The evolution of UV dominant optical spectrum is from Core - and valence excited atoms, isolated from the rest of the unexcited atoms in metals.
		The above spectrum is an artistic view of Rb X-rays, wavelength gap that accomadates Bharat radiation, and atomic spectrum from a single Rb XRF source.
		Electromagnetic spectrum usually depicted by various authors is normally intended to show energy distribution.
	www.geocities.com /raomap/discovery5.html (2672 words)

	Photonics Learning Area: Optical Spectrum Analyser Measurements
		An Optical Spectrum Analyser (OSA) is a versatile instrument for measuring optical power as a function of wavelength (and polarisation in some instruments).
		An RF Spectrum analyser is in essence an ultra-wideband superheterodyne radio receiver with the RF power displayed by a visual display unit.
		An OSA, however, is a mechanical instrument typically comprising of a double-pass grating-monochromator and a sensitive optical detector.
	www.npl.co.uk /photonics/training/osa.html (406 words)

	The Korea Times : Local Physics Scholars Find Mechanism of Optical Diode
		Korean physicists have discovered the nature of optical diode, which permits the direction of the transmission of light depending on the direction of incidence in the structure of photonic crystals for the first time.
		An optical diode transmits light in one direction and blocks it from the reverse direction.
		They discovered that the electrically tunable optical diode could influence waves of light by transforming the structure of the materials.
	times.hankooki.com /lpage/nation/200504/kt2005042417213611990.htm (386 words)

	Optical Spectrum Analyzers, Mass Fusion Splicers & Lightwave Test Sets Instrumentation Sales & Rentals
		Analog analysis of optical signals in the wavelength range 450 to 1050nm.
		Can characterize optical to optical devices such as couplers, filters, isolators, switches, and wavelength division multiplexers.
		Determines the presence, direction and intensity of light in optical fiber.
	www.isre.com /cat-telecom_optical_lw.htm (715 words)

	Apex Technologies, Optical Spectrum Analyzer, OSA, Optical Complex Spectrum Analyzer
		The principle is based upon the spectrum analysis of the optical field during which the amplitude and relative phase of each spectral components of a modulated signal are analyzed.
		This instrument is designed for measuring amplitude frequency characteristics of multimode optical fibers and their length with an operating principle based on the pulse method and frequency spectrum calculation, using Fourier transform techniques.
		This is in contrast with some of the best conventional grating based optical spectrum analyzer on the market today, which have a physically limited maximum resolution of 10pm.
	www.opticalanalyzers.com (425 words)

	Optical Spectrum
		Because of the wide application of the science of "light" to real-world applications, the area of optical science, and opticalengineering tends to be very cross-disiplinary.
		In the 17th century the word spectrum was introduced into optics, referring to the range of colors observed when white light was dispersed through a prism.
		The word spectrum then took on the obvious analogous meaning in reference to other sorts of waves, su...
	www.witchware.com /File/25362-Optical.Spectrum.Html (596 words)

	Optics Study - EM Vector Fields - Text
		These optical phenomena are exploited to create lenses, wave guides, polarizers, sources, photodetectors, and other optical elements.
		The wavelength divisions and spectrum can be seen in Figure 1 and Figure 2 respectively.
		Optical Activity — the rotation of polarization from interaction with a medium.
	www.ece.umr.edu /~optics/OpticsReview/Nature_of_Light/NatureT.htm (1104 words)

	DISCOVERY OF UV DOMINANT OPTICAL EMISSION FROM RADIOISOTOPES
		The unprecedented nature of optical spectrum from unlikely radioisotopes and XRF sources could essentially help in author’s explanation by an atomic phenomenon [2-6].
		Finally, 8K MCA displayed single pulse height spectrum for the intensities of both optical and ionizing radiations originating from source, when detected by the thin quartz window of the PMT.
		Conventional atomic spectrometer and monochromator were of no avail to measure the suspected light spectrum from radioisotopes and XRF sources intended for calibration due to inadequate light photons amounting to few thousands.
	www.geocities.com /raomap/discovery2.html (1577 words)

	Techrecovery - Optical Spectrum Analyzers
		The 86142A optical spectrum analyzer is a benchtop high-performance grating-based analyzer that displays the amplitude of light versus wavelengeh over a 600 to 1700 nm wavelength range.
		The 70952B Optical Spectrum Analyzer Module is for use with the 70000 series mainframes.
		The Agilent 86140B is a benchtop optical spectrum analyzer for 50 GHz applications.
	www.techrecovery.com /dictionary/cat1042.htm (559 words)

	Optical Sources, Optical Power Meters, Optical Spectrum Analyzers
		An OTDR (Optical Time Domain Reflectometer) is often used in the telecommunications industry to install and maintain long-haul transmission systems.
		Optical Power - an absolute measurement in dBm of power measured as a reference to one milliwatt of power.
		OTDR trace comparisons over time are especially useful to identify degradation of optical performance.
	www.gateway4you.com /Pages/Categories/FiberOptic.html (372 words)

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