Optical switch - Factbites

Optical switch - Factbites
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Topic: Optical switch

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	Optical spectrum
		The optical spectrum (light or visible spectrum) is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye.
		Wavelengths visible to the eye are defined by the spectral range of the "optical window", the region of the electromagnetic spectrum which passes largely unattenuated through the Earth's atmosphere (although blue light is scattered more than red light, which is the reason the sky is blue).
		There are no exact bounds to the optical spectrum; a typical human eye will respond to wavelengths from 400 to 700 nm, although some people may be able to perceive wavelengths from 380 to 780 nm.
	hallencyclopedia.com /Optical_spectrum (727 words)

	Optical switch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In telecommunication, an optical switch is a switch that enables signals in optical fibers or integrated optical circuits (IOCs) to be selectively switched from one circuit to another.
		Note 2: Slow optical switches, such as those using moving fibers, may be used for alternate routing of an optical transmission path, e.g., routing around a fault.
		Note 1: An optical switch may operate by (a) mechanical means, such as physically shifting an optical fiber to drive one or more alternative fibers, or (b) electro-optic effects, magneto-optic effects, or other methods.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Optical_switch (133 words)

	Low crosstalk optical switch - Patent 4011543
		An optical signal incident to a first input port 35 of compound optical switch 30, is coupled by optical switch 31 to port 32 from which it is coupled to port 33 of optical switch 34 which in turn couples the optical signal to a output port 36.
		Ports of the individual optical switches which are employed for inter-row and inter-column coupling at the interior of the matrix are not used in the last row and column and are terminated with optical signal absorbers thereat, thus providing a means for absorbing non-addressed signals and spurious reflections.
		An optical signal incident to a second input port 37 of compound optical switch 30, is coupled by switch 34 to a second output port 38, which is terminated by an optical signal absorber 39.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4011543.html (2191 words)

	Switch promises optical chips TRN 111903
		Marrying optical switches and computer chips also promises to address a looming problem with electronic circuits: as electronic circuits get faster, the time it takes to shunt a signal from one part of a chip to another becomes a limiting factor.
		The optical cavity briefly stores light energy; this allows the device to act as a switch because the stored energy changes the angle of refraction, blocking light from moving through the adjacent waveguide.
		Key to both types of switches is the use of photonic crystal, a material made from tiny arrangements of rods or a solid material with patterns of holes.
	www.trnmag.com /Stories/2003/111903/Switch_promises_optical_chips_111903.html (879 words)

	Micro-Ball-Lens Optical Switch Driven by SMA Actuator
		Switching of the optical connection from one output fiber to another would be effected by using a pair of thin-film shape-memory-alloy (SMA) actuators to toggle the lens between two resting switch positions.
		There are many optical switches — some made of macroscopic parts by conventional fabrication techniques and some that are microfabricated and, hence, belong to the class of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS).
		The present switch is intended to serve as a prototype of low-loss MEMS switches.
	www.nasatech.com /Briefs/Jan03/NPO30434.html (504 words)

	Optical Switch
		Although the switching speed of micromirrors is not very high compared to electro-optical modulation, micromechanical structures have been considered for several applications such as projection displays, scanners, cross-connections of optical fibers and optical switches arrays.
		In order to sample the incoming optical signals and to perform the switching according to the data content of each channel, the optical signals must be re-directed on an array of optical sensors which are built into the substrate.
		The operation of the optical cross-bar switch will be controlled by an integrated adaptive decision-making and control unit, which relies on extracted information from the incoming optical channels.
	ece.wpi.edu /~leblebic/switch (2113 words)

	Optical Switch
		Optical Switch.- The optical switch is found on the upper and lower hoists of the Mk 45 Mod 1 gun to indicate the presence or absence of a projectile or propelling charge.
		The unit consists of an optical switch (detector) and an infrared light transmitter.
		Micro, proximity, and optical switches all provide inputs to the gun control circuits described in the next section.
	www.tpub.com /gunners/125.htm (715 words)

	Free-space Optical Signal Switch Arrangement at TheWorldWiz.com
		The free-space optical signal switch arrangement of claim 1 wherein the N transmitters and M receivers are, selected from a group including (1) single mode transmitter and receiver, (2) single mode transmitters and multimode receivers, (3) multimode mode transmitters and single mode receivers, or (4) multimode mode transmitters and multimode receivers.
		The free-space optical signal switch arrangement of claim 1 being modular wherein the M transmitters are arranged into a plurality of modular transmitter groups, each transmitter of each transmitter group being arranged so that its respective optical signal steering unit enables that transmitter to transmit its optical signal to any of the M receivers.
		The free-space optical signal switch arrangement of claim 1 wherein one or more of the M receivers is selected from a group of optical signal units including at least a single mode fiber, a multimode fiber or an optical signal detector.
	www.theworldwiz.com /docs/free-space_optical_signal_switch_arrangement.html (3299 words)

	Optical Switch Offers 1.4-dB Loss - October, 2002
		Optical telecom networks have relied on electronic switching, but all-optical switching presents an attractive alternative because it is less expensive, takes up less space and consumes less power.
		Photonic switches do not enable regeneration in each fiber span, so maintaining a low, stable and uniform insertion loss is vital, especially for networks in which the signal encounters multiple switching nodes and fiber spans.
		An optical signal enters via an input fiber and is directed to one of the MEMS mirrors through a lens array.
	www.photonics.com /spectra/research/read.asp?preaid=20 (444 words)

	Optical Switch to roll component, system photonic products
		When Optical Switch was formed in 1997, most photonic component startups looked to scale simple switching matrices to as large a dimension as possible as quickly as possible, under the assumption that large wavelength switching was the key to moving to all-optical systems.
		To serve the 1 x N cross-connect market, Optical Switch used a second free-space optical technology with closed-loop control circuitry, to develop a rack-mounted system with less than 1-dB insertion loss for all channels and a switching speed of 3 to 4 milliseconds across all channels.
		But as MEMS and bubble-jet switches began to dominate at succeeding optical fibers conferences, Optical Switch found most OEMs becoming interested in more-modest switch components in unconventional configurations, which could be applied immediately to hybrid photonic/electronic switches.
	www.commsdesign.com /printableArticle?articleID=16502676 (712 words)

	Double Duty for MEMS-Based Optical Switch - October, 2005
		Nearly all of today’s networks are “opaque” in the sense that the optical signal is periodically converted to an electrical one for amplification and switching.
		The example shown is for an optical path in the switch with a large angular displacement.
		Optical switches based on microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are at the heart of next-generation “transparent” optical telecommunications networks.
	photonics.com /spectra/research/XQ/ASP/preaid.261/.../QX/read.htm (450 words)

	Success in distributing single photons for quantum cryptography via an optical switch
		First, we confirmed that a weak pulse signal of the single photon level inputs from one port of the switch and is detected from one port, and by changing the switch condition the optical path was controllable (Fig.
		Fortunately, PLC(2) optical* switch can control path with the optical signal as it is. However, it was not clear if such a weak signal as single photons can be controlled similarly to the commonly used light signal.
		In an optical switch with a cross-connecting function among multiple input and output ports, we can control optical paths and send a weak signal on single photons together with large-bandwidth data transmissions on strong lights.
	www.physorg.com /news4536.html (1581 words)

	Cornell Devises All-Optical Switch - Photonics.com Feature Articles
		The all-optical switch is described in the Oct. 28 issue of the journal Nature by Lipson and members of the Cornell Nanophotonics Research Group, which she directs.
		Lipson's optical switch is based on a ring resonator, a device already familiar to photonics researchers.
		One of the key components needed, however, is a way for one optical signal to switch another on or off.
	www.photonics.com /XQ/ASP/url.readarticle/artid.257/QX/readart.htm (703 words)

	Bell Labs: 'Seesaw' Switch is First Practical Micro-Electro-Mechanical Optical Switch
		The technology promises to allow a wide variety of devices and systems to be built, such as wavelength add/drop multiplexers, devices that add or drop signals carried on specific wavelengths, or colors, of light; provisioning switches; optically reconfigurable communications networks; power limiters; variable attenuators and wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) signal equalizers.
		To turn the switch on, a voltage is applied at the other end of the bar, beneath an attached plate; the electrostatic forces pull the plate down, lifting the bar so the mirror reflects the light instead of letting it move from one fiber to the other.
		The "seesaw" of the experimental switch is a tiny, pivoting bar with a gold-plated mirror on one end.
	www.bell-labs.com /news/1999/february/23/1.html (441 words)

	Net Economy, The: Supercomm Optical Switch Wars
		Complicating the optical switching situation is the pending introduction of pure optical switches, those that do not require an electronic switch to move wavelengths from one fiber to another.
		Although the availability of 10-gigabit-per-second equipment and the continued onslaught of optical gear positioned at the metropolitan market were the key themes at this year's Supercomm, optical switch makers took the opportunity to introduce new products and features, as well as take a few shots at each other.
		Corvis' approach to the commingling of different technologies into the same optical switch differs from most others in that the company started out with a photonic switch and then decided to incorporate electronics and grooming capabilities.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_zdtne/is_200106/ai_ziff13576 (1348 words)

	Lightwave - Optical-switch component vendors explore new avenues
		The biggest trend in the optical switch component segment seems to be the disappearance of a viable market for high-port-count all-optical switches or crossconnects-at least in the near term.
		The buzz surrounding high-port-count all-optical switches has subsided for at least the next 24 to 36 months, say industry insiders, and reality has set in, prompting vendors to seek new technologies and more viable applications in the near term.
		While solid-state switches may provide significant advantages, Optical Switch Corp. (Richardson, TX) is banking on opto-mechanical technology to help it win a sizeable portion of the protection-switching market.
	lw.pennnet.com /Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=Articles&Subsection=Display&Article_ID=120267 (1745 words)

	Optical Switch
		The optical switch, pictured at the right, is capable of redirecting the data streams from any one of 32 input fibers to any one of 32 output fibers.
		The ultimate performance of a MEMS-based optical switch is determined by the performance of the core MEMS chip.
		Fast switching is a key requirement for the optical cross connect product.
	www.memx.com /Optical_Switch.htm (719 words)

	Optical switch targeting system (US6101299)
		A fiber optical control system for use in an optical switch generally includes, in one embodiment, a fiber assembly (86), a signal separator (88), a sensor unit (90), a lens assembly (92), stationary mirror (94), targeting RED (96), moveable mirror assembly (98) with mounted alignment REDs (100), window (102) and a processor (104).
		An apparatus for use in controlling a fiber optic switch to establish a connection with a target optical fiber from among a plurality of optical fibers, said apparatus comprising:
		Apparatus for switching optical signals and method of operation
	www.delphion.com /details?pn=US06101299__ (659 words)

	Lucent - 1990s
		New optical networking system that can be configured to handle up to eight fibers to give communications providers a maximum capacity of 3.2 terabits an equivalent of transmitting over 90,000 volumes of any encyclopedia in one second.
		The first high-capacity, all-optical communications router, the WaveStar™ LambdaRouter, can route up to 16 times the Internet's traffic by using a series of microscopic mirrors to instantly direct and route optical signals from fiber to fiber in the network, without first converting them to electrical form.
		A record breaking 100 channel optical amplifier is demonstrated, while the potential to revolutionize optical networking technology.
	www.lucent.com /minds/discoveries/tline90b.html (1366 words)

	Optical switch - a reference guide from Electronicstalk
		Several months prior to that, we featured the news story Switches maximise repeatable optical performance from Omron Electronic Components Europe: "A new family of single mode optical switches offer reduced insertion loss and higher repeatability in data and telecommunications access networks.".
		Start with the news story Expansion for optical switch portfolio from Polatis, which we summarised at the time by saying "Polatis has made a major expansion of product range as previewed at the recent OFC/NFOEC conference in Anaheim, California.".
		We see from your search that you're looking for information on the term "Optical switch", and we have a large number of manufacturers' news stories and technical articles here on Electronicstalk which will be of interest.
	www.electronicstalk.com /guides/optical-switch.html (241 words)

	Optical Switch
		Optical switching plays a major role in modern fiber-optic telecommunications systems.
		Brimrose switching products range from rack mountable or OEM programmable electro-mechanical with 20 msec switching speed to a patent pending all optical intelligent, microsecond switch.
		It is Brimrose's mission to be the leader in the switching arena by providing high quality solutions to the multitude of switching requirements demanded by today's fiber-optic systems.
	www.brimrose.com /optical_switches.html (76 words)

	Multichannel Optical Switch
		The MCS412 consists of four individual 1 X 2 optical switches that can be used seperately as four bi-directional 1 X 2 switches or in conjunction with each other to form a bi-directional 1 X 5 optical switch.
		Channel selection can be done manually from the front panel simply by pressing one of four control switches, or remotely by applying a TTL signal to the DB9 connector located on the rear panel.
		The active output fiber is indicated on an array of 8 LED's on the front panel and TTL signals available on the rear panel DB9 connector.
	www.thorlabs.com /ACB/showdetl.cfm?&DID=6&ObjectGroup_ID=764&Product_ID=26304 (118 words)

	Fiber Optical Ethernet Switch Review - Online news and more relevant resources
		Fiber Optical Ethernet Switch, on the other hand, are a totally different experience.
		No matter what kind of Fiber Optical Ethernet Switch you are in the Fiber Optical Ethernet Switch for you can enjoy tremendous amount of Fiber Optical Ethernet Switch with very little time and effort compared to Fiber Optical Ethernet Switch.To find out more about Fiber Optical Ethernet Switch, click here.
		optical bypass switch provides continuous dual-ring operation if a device...
	www.spiderfiber.com /fiber/fiber-optical-ethernet-switch.html (428 words)

	Xerox Develops New Optical MEMS Switch
		The new switch promises to provide rapid delivery of optical services by providing the functionality of a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (R-OADM), a routing device that's commonly used today but is 10 to 100 times larger, and more costly, the company said.
		Xerox is the lead partner in the Optical MEMS Manufacturing Consortium, and Kubby is the principal investigator for the consortium's project.
		Optical MEMS devices could eventually eliminate the need for high-cost precision manufacturing of components that stabilize movement in Xerox photoreceptor belts.
	www.photonics.com /fiber/XQ/ASP/url.readfea/feaid.121/QX/readfea.htm (543 words)

	TA: Tech Search
		The company's stated mission is “to lead the global photonics market in developing strategic technologies for manufacturing powerful optical components that enable the deployment of short-haul and metropolitan area all-optical networks.” RPI has designed and built electro-optic switches and modulators, optical interconnect devices, and WDM modules.
		Because signals need to be switched through a network node, they must be converted to electronic signals for routing and then converted back to optical signals-slowing throughput.
		As a result, there is an industry-wide push for an optical switch that would eliminate this conversion process.
	www.mdatechnology.net /techsearch.asp?articleid=494 (798 words)

	Optical Switch Testbed
		The optical switch is a 3x3 port device capabable of routing 1300nm signals differently from 1550nm signals.
		The Optical Switching Testbed is a one year programme of research to establish a working, free-space multi-wavelength, multi-site, fibre-optic circuit switch.
		The combined optical signal is transmitted into the Granta Network were it goes to the optical switch, situated at Engineering.
	www.cl.cam.ac.uk /Research/SRG/ost.html (460 words)

	Qwest To Deploy Tellium Aurora Optical Switch
		The Aurora Full-Spectrum switch is being developed to provide customers with a migration path from Tellium's current family of optical switches, combining all-optical switching with the electronic control and processing of today's Aurora Optical Switch to enable carriers to scale in port count, bit rate per port, and raw capacity.
		Tellium's core optical switches will be deployed as part of Qwest's all-optical network initiative, which exploits the latest in optical technology to significantly reduce operating costs and to provide customers with unprecedented capacity at a lower cost.
		Tellium, provider of an in-service, intelligent optical switch, announced that Qwest Communications International Inc. has successfully completed testing of its Aurora Optical Switch and will deploy the core grooming 512-port switch as part of its all-optical OC-192c Internet network.
	www.tmcnet.com/scripts/print-page.aspx?PagePrint=http://www.tmcnet.com/bizwatch/news/050201f.htm (364 words)

	Agere Systems announces industry's first 64x64 3D MEMS-based optical switch component for optical networking systems
		Designed to be in the core of all-optical cross connects and add/drop multiplexers, the 5200 series MEMS switch module uses a scalable, 3D architecture developed by researchers at Lucent Technologies' Bell Labs to manipulate optical signals without the need to convert the signals to electrical form.
		In March, Agere Systems will demonstrate a prototype of its 64x64 optical switch module at the Optical Fiber Communication Conference in Anaheim, Calif. Sample quantities will be available to optical networking systems manufacturers in the second calendar quarter of 2001, with production quantities expected by the third quarter of 2001.
		Unlike many two-dimensional MEMS switch architectures -- which simply raise or lower "pop-up" mirrors at fixed angles to switch a signal to a certain port -- Agere Systems' optical switch module features a 3D beam-steering architecture.
	www.lucent.com /press/0201/010226.mea.html (866 words)

	Tellabs Introduces Industry's Largest Optical Switch
		Field trials for the TITAN 6700 optical switch are expected to begin in second quarter 2001 with availability in the fourth quarter of 2001.
		Along with wavelength management, the TITAN 6700 optical switch enables carriers to connect, aggregate, protect, restore and switch traffic through their core transport backbone with efficiencies and capacity required by next-generation networks.
		The TITAN 6700 optical switch enables carriers to manage more than 10 terabits of traffic in its initial release and will grow with carriers' demands to manage transparent wavelengths in a future release.
	www.internetnews.com /bus-news/print.php/3_533861 (364 words)

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