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Topic: Oral Torah

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	Oral Torah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Oral Torah (or Oral Law or Oral Tradition) (Torah she-be'al peh תורה שבעל פה), according to Rabbinic Judaism, is Jewish (Torah) Law that was recorded in the Mishnah and Talmud.
		The "written law" (Torah she-bi-khtav תורה שבכתב) comprises the Torah and the rest of the Tanakh; the "Oral Law" (Torah she-be'al peh תורה שבעל תורה) was ultimately recorded in the Talmud and Midrash.
		The interpretation of the Oral Law is thus considered as the authoritative reading of the "Written Law" (either the Torah or Tanakh or both).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oral_Torah (1088 words)

	Oral law - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An oral law is a code of conduct in use in a given culture, religion or other regroupement, by which a body of rules of human behaviour is transmitted by oral tradition and effectively respected, or the single rule that is orally transmitted.
		The oral tradition (from the Latin tradere = to transmit) is the typical instrument of transmission of the oral codes or, in a more general sense, is the complex of what a culture transmits of itself among the generations, "from father to son".
		The interpretation of the Oral Torah is thus considered as the authoritative reading of the Written Torah.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oral_law (465 words)

	Bible - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Torah · Tanakh  · Talmud · ; Zohar · Kuzari
		His story coincides with the story of the liberation of the Children of Israel from slavery in Egypt, to the renewal of their covenant with God at Mount Sinai, and their wanderings in the desert until a new generation would be ready to enter the land of Canaan.
		The Torah is divided into fifty-four portions which are read in turn in Jewish liturgy, from the beginning of Genesis to the end of Deuteronomy, each Sabbath.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bible (5156 words)

	What Is the Torah? \| Chabad.org
		This Oral Torah - which clarifies and provides the details for many of the commandments contained in the Written Torah - was transmitted from generation to generation until finally recorded in the second century to become the cornerstone upon which the Talmud was built.
		By Torah is also meant the Oral Torah (Torah She-B'al Peh) "which Moses received at Sinai, and transmitted to Joshua, and Joshua to the Elders, and the Elders to the Prophets, and the Prophets to the Men of the Great Assembly..." (Ethics of the Fathers 1:1).
		The Oral Torah included the finer points of the commandments, the details of the general principles contained in the Scriptures and the ways by which the commandments were to be applied.
	www.chabad.org /library/article.asp?AID=45135 (1203 words)

	Orthodox Judaism - Encyclopedia of Religion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Notable institutions and organizations are or have been: Torah Umesorah, which organized schools and yeshivot from 1944 onward; the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America (which certifies, internationally, reliable kosher food); Yeshiva University and the Hebrew Theological College in Chicago; the Union of Orthodox Rabbis and the Rabbinical Alliance.
		Orthodox Jews hold that both the written law (Torah) and the oral law (codified in the Mishna and interpreted in the Talmud) are immutably fixed and remain the sole norm of religious observance.
		The "whole Torah" includes both the Written Torah (the first five books of the Bible) and the Oral Torah, an oral tradition interpreting and explaining the Written Torah.
	www.religion-encyclopedia.com /O/orthodox_judaism.htm (485 words)

	Torah, Pentateuch, Taurah
		Torah (a Hebrew word meaning "instruction"), in its broadest sense, refers to the entire body of Jewish teaching incorporated in the Old Testament and the Talmud and in later rabbinical commentaries.
		The Torah, in the latter sense, is preserved on scrolls kept in the ark of every synagogue; reading of the Torah is central to the synagogue service.
		A special holiday in honor of the Torah, known as Simhath Torah (Hebrew, "rejoicing in the Law"), is celebrated in the synagogue by singing, and marching and dancing with the scrolls.
	mb-soft.com /believe/txs/torah.htm (959 words)

	Torah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Torah is also used to refer to the Pentateuch in contrast to the Prophets and Hagiography, as in Tanach, and later a distinction was made between the written and oral law.
		The belief in the divine origin of both the written and oral Torah remains the touchstone of Orthodox Judaism.
		The Torah, by many, is considered the cornerstone of the Jewish religion and law, thus the scrolls are thought to be most holy and sacred by the pious.
	www.themystica.com /mystica/articles/t/torah.html (328 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Torah
		In Jewish theology Torah signifies, first, the totality of Jewish doctrine, whether taken as a basis for religious knowledge and conduct, or as a basis for study.
		This oral Torah, it is claimed, was revealed to Moses and has been preserved in Israel by tradition (see T
		The Torah relates the preparatory measures for and the establishment of the Old-Testament theocracy, and contains the institutions and laws in which this theocracy found its visible expression.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14779c.htm (1271 words)

	S.C.J. FAQ: Section 3.5. Torah: What is the Oral Law?
		The Torah makes it clear that it was being transmitted side by side with an oral tradition.
		The term "oral law" thus reflects the knowledge about how to fulfill the laws and regulations of Torah that was transmitted orally, from generation to generation.
		The Oral Law can be thought of as a body of jurisprudence and procedure that accompanies the statutes of the Written Law.
	www.shamash.org /lists/scj-faq/HTML/faq/03-05.html (911 words)

	What is the Oral Torah? - Shavuot with Aish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Oral Torah is not an interpretation of the Written Torah.
		The Oral Torah was originally meant to be transmitted by word of mouth.
		Furthermore, the Oral Torah was meant to cover the infinitude of cases which would arise in the course of time.
	www.aish.com /holidays/Shavuot/What_is_the_Oral_Torah.asp (1027 words)

	What is the Torah? What is the Talmud? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Torah has two sections, the Torah Shebiksav (the Written Torah) and the Torah Sheb’al Peh (the Oral Torah).
		These explanations are called the Torah Sheb’al Peh, the Oral Torah, because they were meant to be passed from teacher to student.
		The Oral Law - A scholarly study of the nature of the Oral Torah.
	members.aol.com /lazera/torah.htm (574 words)

	WHAT IS THE ORAL TORAH
		So, either the Torah was written by an idiot (or a relatively clueless “redactor” according to modern theorists) who just never thought things through enough to tell us what to put into our Tefillin; or there must be an instruction manual somewhere that came in the same package.
		Either the author of this Torah forgot ― it slipped his mind; he had a bad day (you know, his kids were going berzerk, the air conditioner broke down, and nothing went right) ― or else He gave us an Oral Law to go with the written.
		Writing down the Oral Law in a book you could carry on something smaller than the average bus, yet which contained all of the detail and variety we have discussed, is simply not practical.
	www.jdstone.org /cr/files/whatistheoraltorah.html (1098 words)

	Judaism 101 - Torah - A Glossary of Basic Jewish Terms and Concepts - OU.ORG
		The Torah is a "web" of History and Law, the History beginning at the Beginning of Time, and the Law, "preceding" the Beginning of Time, and continuing to the Present and into the Future.
		The Torah consists of two components: the Written Torah and the Oral Torah.
		The Oral Torah is required because without it, its counterpart, the Written Torah, would be incomprehensible.
	www.ou.org /about/judaism/torah.htm (595 words)

	The Oral Law
		Common sense suggests that some sort of oral tradition was always needed to accompany the Written Law, because the Torah alone, even with its 613 commandments, is an insufficient guide to Jewish life.
		To be sure, the Torah presumes that people will get married — "Therefore shall a man leave his mother and father and cleave to his wife and they shall be one flesh" (Genesis 2:24) — but nowhere in the Torah is a marriage ceremony recorded.
		They are more apt to see the Talmud and the Oral Law as an evolving system, in which successive generations of rabbis discussed and debated how to incorporate the Torah into their lives.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/Judaism/Oral_Law.html (843 words)

	Proofs For The Oral Law
		The existence of an oral law that was given to Moses at Mt. Sinai is a fundamental concept in Judaism.
		If there is no oral law, then the only basis for judgement is in the Torah which is open for anyone to study.
		Without an oral law to explain the details of martyrdom, there is no way of determining when and where to become a martyr and when not to.
	www.aishdas.org /articles/oral.htm (1991 words)

	The Oral Torah and the Jewish Tradition
		The Torah states that we should slaughter the animals as we have been instructed to, but nowhere in the Torah are the instructions.
		The Oral Torah was given to Yehoshua, and then to the wise men of each generation, the Elders, to be able to give life and meaning to future generations who sought out the meanings in the conflicting and uncertainties of the Torah.
		This is the Oral Torah that he passed on to Yehoshua and the Elders.
	www.jewishmag.co.il /83mag/oraltorah/oraltorah.htm (851 words)

	The Oral Law (Torah Shebaal Peh)
		The greatest Torah scholars (Hakhamim) were empowered with the ability of applying the principles of Torah both oral and written, and utilizing these principles as new cases presented themselves, or where confusion arose regarding existing law.
		According to the sentence of the Torah which they shall teach you, and according to the judgment which they shall tell you, you shall do; you shall not deviate from the sentence which they shall declare to you, to the right hand, nor to the left.
		Even the oral law is envisioned as "divine" in the sense that its origins stem from the theophany at Sinai.
	www.betemunah.org /orallaw.html (5128 words)

	Judaism 101: Torah
		But the word "torah" can also be used to refer to the entire Jewish bible (the body of scripture known to non-Jews as the Old Testament and to Jews as the Tanakh or Written Torah), or in its broadest sense, to the whole body of Jewish law and teachings.
		The Torah scrolls that we read from in synagogue are unpointed text, with no vowels or musical notes, so the ability to read a passage from a scroll is a valuable skill, and usually requires substantial advance preparation (reviewing the passage in a text with points).
		This tradition was maintained in oral form only until about the 2d century C.E., when the oral law was compiled and written down in a document called the Mishnah.
	www.jewfaq.org /torah.htm (1472 words)

	Pirkei Avos - Torah.org
		The oral transmission is a protective fence for the Torah.
		And so, the Oral Torah represents the fact that even after giving us the Torah, G-d's work was not complete.
		The Torah emphasizes that the story be passed from parent to child: "And it shall be when your son asks you in the future saying, 'What is this?' you shall say to him, 'With a mighty hand did G-d take us out of Egypt from the house of slavery...'" (Exodus 13:14).
	www.torah.org /learning/pirkei-avos/chapter3-17c.html (1580 words)

	Why Did Hashem Create an Oral Torah?
		Tzofer is not referring to the Books of the Written Torah, which have a specific limit, but to the wisdom of Hashem as manifest in the Oral Torah, and as alluded to in the Written Torah.
		Concerning the Oral Torah, it says, "Its measurement is longer than the land, and wider than the sea."....
		That is the essence of the Oral Torah.
	www.beingjewish.com /mesorah/whynotwritten.html (3113 words)

	Rabbi Moses Samuel Glasner: The Oral Torah
		Know that the clearest and most essential difference between the Written and Oral Torahs is that while the Written Torah was handed over to Moses word by word from "In the beginning" to "before the eyes of all Israel," the content of Oral Torah was given over but not the words.
		Rather, the truth is that this [issues from] the wonderful wisdom [and] profound insight of the Torah, [which teaches] that the interpretation of Torah [must be] given over to the sages of each generation in order that the Torah remain a living force with the nation, developing with it, and that indeed is its eternity.
		The Oral Torah, its interpretation, however, is not called absolute truth, but rather conventional truth which depends on the "judge in your days" [i.e., based on the agreement of the sages].
	www.math.psu.edu /glasner/Dor4/elman.html (2708 words)

	Oxford Scholarship Online: Torah in the Mouth
		Its main concern is to track the emerging awareness, within diverse Palestinian scribal groups, of the distinction between written books and the oral traditions upon which they were based or in light of which they were interpreted.
		The emergence of a coherent ideology of oral tradition as a kind of revelation comparable to that of Scripture is associated with the consolidation of third century rabbinic Judaism.
		The book argues that the rabbinic ideology of Oral Torah – “Torah in the Mouth” – is, in great measure, a legitimation of the institution of rabbinic discipleship, which depended upon the primacy of face-to-face relationships, unmediated by the written word.
	www.oxfordscholarship.com /oso/public/content/religion/0195140672/toc.html (363 words)

	Oral Torah - Is It Binding?
		The Oral Tradition explains that those activities involved in building the portable Tabernacle in the wilderness are prohibited on the Sabbath.
		No oral tradition is needed here, the Scriptures plainly state that the Shophar is blown on the feast day on the first day of the seventh month.
		The meaning here is that there is no oral Torah, however, the Rabbis can use their "judicial freedom" to re-interpret it to suit their needs and then claim the new interpretation is part of the oral Torah to fit the new circumstance.
	www.uhcg.org /HoI/Oral-Torah.html (8313 words)

	Pei - Communication The Oral Torah: The Mystical Significance of the Hebrew Letters
		Contact at the level of the mouth is the secret of the Oral Torah.
		Though each dimension of Torah expresses the interinclusion of both of these properties, nonetheless, in particular, truth (the "male figure," primarily defined by the sefirot of "tiferet" and yesod in Kabbalah) is the primary consciousness of the written Torah, whereas grace (the "female figure," malchut) is that of the Oral Torah.
		The power of the pei, the mouth, is thus to express the grace of the Oral Torah.
	www.inner.org /hebleter/pei.htm (700 words)

	On the Oral Torah
		First of all, there are many areas of the Torah that one cannot understand without knowing some of the Oral Torah, hence the need for commentaries.
		Only the Oral Torah tells us how to make tefillen and how they are to be worn.
		And Ezra the Priest brought the Torah before the congregation both of men and women, and all who could hear with understanding, on the first day of the seventh month.
	geocities.com /alyzab/Jewish/oraltora.htm (657 words)

	Concepts in the Oral Tradition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		They ensure that the Torah is explained in a rational and consistent fashion and in a way that conforms to the grammar and style of Biblical Hebrew.
		Jewish ethics are neither a matter of personal preference or a social contract; rather they are an integral part of both the Written and Oral Laws that were revealed at Sinai, and go hand-in-hand with the Jewish legal code.
		The Great Sanhedrin was the supreme court and legislative body of the Jewish people, as well as being responsible for the accurate transmission of the Oral Law.
	ohr.edu /judaism/survey/survey4.htm (446 words)

	orion Oral Torah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Indeed oral torah according to Pharisaic and Rabbinic >views is old.
		That's what Torah sheBa'al Peh means, and it is a phrase which is far less anachronistic than the English "oral tradition" or "oral law" which is used routinely (see Martin Jaffee and response).
		Or are you arguing that the non-written Torah -- which Sussmann calls halakha, and I've attempted to appease with Torah sheBa'al Peh, and explicitly acknowledges to be at the core of the DSS-era Jewish community in all three of the major Jewish sects -- did not exist outside or before the Perushim?
	orion.mscc.huji.ac.il /orion/archives/1997b/msg00128.html (328 words)

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