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	Oral contraceptive - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Male oral contraceptives remain a subject of research and development, and are not widely available to the public.
		In some types of pill the doses of hormones are adjusted to be in synchrony with the menstrual cycle (two- or three-phase pills), while others keep a constant level of the hormones.
		Oral contraceptives may influence coagulation, increasing the risk of blood clots causing deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism, stroke and myocardial infarction (heart attack).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oral_contraceptive_pill (1677 words)

	Trekking and the Oral Contraceptive Pill (OCP)
		Oral contraceptive pills are hormonal preparations taken for several reasons.
		The primary purpose of hormonal contraceptives is as the name suggests, to prevent pregnancy.
		For women using the COCP a choice available to them is to omit the pill free week and start a new cycle of pills beginning with the first pill of the second cycle the day after the last pill of the first cycle.
	www.ciwec-clinic.com /articles/pill.html (929 words)

	The Polycarp Research Institute (TPRI)-Overview: Breast Cancer and Oral Contraceptives
		Concerns were raised in 1972 when it was noted that an oral contraceptive pill containing the artificial hormones mestranol and norethynodrel appeared to cause a case of metastatic breast cancer in a group of six female rhesus monkeys [1].
		Women who are currently using combined oral contraceptives or have used them in the past 10 years are at a slightly increased risk of having breast cancer diagnosed, although the additional cancers tend to be localized to the breast.
		Oral contraceptives and invasive adenocarcinomas and adenosquamos carcinomas of the uterine cervix.
	www.polycarp.org /overviewbreastcanceroralcontraceptives.htm (4015 words)

	Oral contraceptive - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It works primarily by preventing ovulation, but it also makes the uterus less likely to accept implantation of an embryo if one is created.
		Many women occasionally forget to take the Pill daily, impairing its effectiveness.
		While the Pill is usually effective, its wide availability has not prevented unplanned pregnancies.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oral_contraceptive (1660 words)

	About the Pill - Cyclessa®
		Oral contraceptive pills (OCs) are one of the most researched and reliable forms of birth control available.
		Since the oral contraceptive pill is only available by prescription from your health care provider, he or she will help you determine if the Pill is right for you.
		Today, 40 years later, the typical combination pills use 35 mcg or less of estrogen and between 0.1 and 1.5 mg of progestin.
	www.cyclessa.com /aboutPill/index.asp (346 words)

	Oral Contraceptive, The Pill, Female Birth Control Methods
		A pill is taken daily to block the release of eggs from the ovaries.
		The pill may add to your risk of heart disease, including high blood pressure, blood clots, and blockage of the arteries.
		Oral Contraceptive, The Pill, Female Birth Control Methods.
	www.habibintl.com /the-pill.htm (237 words)

	Oral contraceptive pill may double stroke risk
		Sixteen studies that investigated the risk of ischemic stroke and oral contraceptive use were included in the meta-analysis published in the July 5th issue of The Journal of the American Medical Association.
		If couples were to use condoms instead of the Pill, there would be an estimated 687,000 additional unintended pregnancies per year in the United States, and 33 deaths based on complications resulting from pregnancy and abortion, the report indicates.
		This is a not a lower death rate than that associated with oral contraceptive use, but the economic and psychological impact of unintended pregnancies is high, the researchers add.
	www.personalmd.com /news/n0707014004.shtml (481 words)

	The oral contraceptive pill does not increase the risk of breast cancer
		Many people were convinced that long-term use of oral contraceptive pills does raise the risk of breast cancer to a moderate extent.
		There was absolutely no evidence that taking oral contraceptives for any length of time increased the risk of breast cancer.
		It is still possible that oral contraceptive pills increase risk of breast cancer a little bit - but, probably not.
	healthfullife.umdnj.edu /archives/contraceptive2_archive.htm (363 words)

	Pill, The - health information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The pill is also widely used to regulate menstrual periods, reduce menstrual cramps, and treat hormonal imbalances and ovarian cysts.
		Pills reduce the risk of ovarian cancer: three years of use reduces the risk of ovarian cancer by 40%; ten years of use reduces the risk by 80%.
		You should restart your pills as scheduled (unless you have a positive pregnancy test which is unlikely as long as you took your pills as instructed).
	www.mckinley.uiuc.edu /health-info/womenhlt/thepill.html (2729 words)

	Oral Contraceptive Pill
		Whether you're new to "the pill" or are old enough to remember when the first contraceptive pill made its debut 40 years ago, the oral contraceptive pill remains one of the most effective and widely used forms of birth control.
		Oral contraceptives or OCs have revolutionized birth control in the 20th century by giving women ultimate control over their fertility.
		The pill also causes changes in the lining of the uterus and the mucus of the cervix which further discourages pregnancy.
	www.contraception.net /resource_centre/oral_cont_pill.asp (326 words)

	Daily Combination Oral Contraceptive (COC) Pill Use to Eliminat
		Birth control pills have been around since the 1960’s and the type of pills we are using have not been shown to cause birth defects.
		The pill we are studying is a combination of levonogestrel (a progestin) and ethinyl estradiol (an estrogen).
		The study pills are very similar to Alesse®, a brand of pill sold in the US that has the same dose of estrogen as the study pills but a slightly higher dose of levonorgestrel.
	www.noperiod.com /docs/FDAInformationSheet.html (869 words)

	Contraception Online Slides - contraindications, emergency contraception, effectiveness, counseling, contraceptive ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Oral contraceptives (OCs) are one of the most common reversible methods of contraception used in the United States.
		Medical barriers with respect to contraception are quoted by Shelton et al as, âPractices derived at least partly from medical rationale that result in a scientifically unjustifiable impediment to or denial of contraception.â These include the general issues of eligibility restrictions, process barriers, contraindications and provider limitations or bias.
		Clinicians may be reticent to prescribe certain contraceptives for patients with medical conditions such as asthma or diabetes, yet with respect to most hormonal contraceptives, the IUD, and barrier contraceptives there is no effective relationship between those methods and worsening of these clinical disorders.
	contraceptiononline.org /slides/slide01.cfm?q=contraindications&dpg=1 (849 words)

	Oral Contraceptives FAQ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The combined oral contraceptive (OC) pill is a safe and effective method of birth control for most women.
		The "pill" has a limited protective effect against pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in some instances, because of decreased blood, thick cervical mucus, less dilated cervical canal with menses, and decreased strength of uterine contractions.
		The effectiveness of birth control pills may be slightly decreased by a number of drugs that change liver function or decrease the ability of the body to absorb the hormones in birth control pills.
	www4.nau.edu /fronske/brochures/bcp.html (1924 words)

	Oral Contraceptive Pill
		The combination (oestrogen and progesterone) pill works by: making you sterile using negative feed back on pituitary; causing abortion by removing the lining of the uterus through influencing gonadatrophins; and is a contraceptive by creating hostile mucus.
		When trialling a pill, should really be taking for 3 months as this is the time required for the liver to generate the enzymes required for the specific detoxification of the pill.
		Coronary heart disease, obesity, cerebrovascular disorders/strokes, benign liver tumours, hepatocellular carcinomas, gallbladder disease/stones and hypertension are all attributed to the the Oral Contraceptive Pill.
	www.radianceclinic.com /html/oral_contraceptive_pill.html (1325 words)

	Oral Contraceptive Pill (a.k.a. the Pill) - PARENTS - sexualityandu.ca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The oral contraceptive pill (OC) is one of the most researched and most misunderstood drugs in the world.
		The Pill regulates the cycle, reduces menstrual flow, reduces acne, protects against certain cancers, and is totally reversible (once a woman is off the Pill, the body resumes its normal cycle).
		If she misses two pills in a row during week 3 of the pack, she should throw out the remainder of the pack and start a new pack on the day she remembers.
	www.sexualityandu.ca /eng/parents/CN/oral.cfm (584 words)

	Which Oral Contraceptive Pill is Best for Me?
		If your pills are switched, also give them 2-3 months trial because it often takes 2 months just for your body to adjust to the estrogen and progestin in an oral contraceptive.
		Therefore the estrogen potency of a given pill is directly related to the number of micrograms of ethinyl estradiol with one exception.
		The pills that are likely to cause worse acne and hair growth side effects are those pills high in androgenicity and low in estrogen content.
	www.wdxcyber.com /ncontr13.htm (1256 words)

	Oral contraceptive pill
		Early on, pill use did seem to contribute to the incidence of stroke, especially in combination with smoking in women over 30.
		This differs from a study published in JAMA in 2000 that found that women who had a first-degree relative with breast cancer and who used the pill before 1976, when the hormone doses were higher, had a three times greater risk for breast cancer than did women who didn't take the pill.
		For women who have a family history of the disease and who took the birth control pill, this new research is reassuring--but they should still discuss their individual risk with their doctor.
	www.susanlovemd.com /decision/a_4_1.htm (655 words)

	Oral Contraceptive Pill (a.k.a. the Pill) - TEENS - sexualityandu.ca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Even though it is used by about 100 million women worldwide, the oral contraceptive pill (OC) is still one of the most misunderstood drugs in the world.
		The Pill is a contraceptive suitable for all healthy women, regardless of age, and it should be used long-term, for at least several months in a row.
		The Pill doesn't protect against sexually transmitted infections and it may cause a few side-effects such as irregular bleeding, breast tenderness, weight gain, headaches and nausea.
	www.sexualityandu.ca /eng/teens/CN/oral.cfm (594 words)

	Addenbrooke's Hospital: The combined oral contraceptive pill (COC, COCP, ‘the pill’) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Oestrogen is used together with a progestogen in the combined oral contraceptive pill.
		When the two hormones are taken in the pill, they make the woman's ovaries inactive, so that she doesn’t produce an egg every month.
		If you start your packet of pills later than you should, you might need to take emergency contraception before continuing your packet (unless you have not had sex in the previous week).
	www.addenbrookes.org.uk /serv/clin/women/fpc/comb_oral_contracept.html (1591 words)

	American Family Physician: Letters to the Editor - oral contraceptive pill usage; bug removal from an ear; microscopic ...
		This is particularly important when prescribing OCPs for "emergency contraception," where the probability of failing to prevent ovulation and successfully preventing implantation is much higher than with the usual use.
		It should be noted that "emergency contraception" is an unsatisfactory term because it may give the impression to the lay person that conception is reliably being prevented.
		It did not, however, include certain information on oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) that is essential for at least some patients, to make an informed choice on the use of OCPs that is consistent with their values.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_9_61/ai_62829065 (1044 words)

	Risk of Ischemic Stroke Among Users of the Oral Contraceptive Pill: The Melbourne Risk Factor Study (MERFS) Group -- ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Oral contraception and increased risk of cerebral ischemia or thrombosis.
		Oral contraception and stroke: evidence from the Royal College of General Practitioners’ Oral Contraception Study.
		The epidemiology of oral contraceptive use: a critical review of the studies on oral contraceptives and the health of young women.
	stroke.ahajournals.org /cgi/content/full/34/7/1575 (2940 words)

	THE ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILL
		The oral contraceptive pill is one of the most commonly used drugs worldwide.
		Pill takers seemed slightly more at risk of dying from certain illnesses such as cervical cancer and strokes, but this is balanced out by reduced deaths from other causes, including cancer of the ovary.
		Most of the women in the study were taking the older, high-dose oral contraceptive pill.
	www.mydr.com.au /?article=512 (326 words)

	Oral Contraceptives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The birth control pill is a combination of synthetic (man-made) hormones similar to the naturally occurring hormones, estrogen and progesterone, in your body.
		The last 7 pills of the 28 day packets contain ‘inactive pills’ also known as spacers and are designed to allow you to take the pill without interruption.
		If you miss 3 pills-you may begin to bleed, so throw away the rest of the packet, use another method of birth control because you are no longer protected against pregnancy, and begin a new pack of pills as you did when you started taking the pills (Sunday method or day 1 start method).
	hsc.usf.edu /FAMILY/Health_Education_Projects/OCP's-ralli.htm (1033 words)

	Migraine A Risk Factor For Stroke In Women, Oral Contraceptive Pill Adds To Risk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The good news for women is that stroke risk appears to be related to the estrogen content of the oral contraceptive pills.
		Tietjen tells them what she knows about migraine’s relationship to stroke: "I mention to them that it is known to be a risk factor for stroke, that the risk isn’t very high, that there are some things that probably increase that risk higher," she said.
		While the added risk of stroke for oral contraceptive users with migraine is not extremely high, Dr. Tietjen says it may be higher than one would want for younger women.
	www.pslgroup.com /dg/14162a.htm (578 words)

	Combined oral contraceptive pill (OCP) as treatment for primary dysmenorrhoea (Cochrane Review) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The use of combined oral contraceptive pills (OCP) has been advocated as a treatment for primary dysmenorrhoea since their introduction for general use in 1960.
		For the other outcomes, there was a significant difference in favour of OCPs when compared to placebo for the outcome of absence from work or school, and there was no difference between the treatment groups and placebo in the number of adverse effects experienced.
		While there is some evidence from four RCTs that combined OCPs with medium dose oestrogen and 1st/2nd generation progestogens are more effective than placebo it should be emphasised that the studies were small, of poor quality and all included much higher doses of hormones that those commonly prescribed today.
	www.cochrane.org /cochrane/revabstr/ab002120.htm (705 words)

	COMBINED ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE PILL (COCP)
		First choice pill for a new user who is young with no contraindications is a low dose 2nd generation monophasic pill.
		Rationale for management of missed pills: follicle development in the ovary may start during the pill-free days, but it is fully suppressed by 7 days of pill-taking
		If the pill is stopped for any reason, other contraception should be used straight away if pregnancy is not desired.
	www.repromed.org.uk /sex/library/contraception/bristol_booklet/cocp.htm (628 words)

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