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	Order of Mapungubwe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Order of Mapungubwe is South Africa's highest honour.
		It was instituted on 6 December 2002, and is granted by the president of South Africa, for achievements in the international area which have served South Africa's interests.
		The order is named after Mapungubwe, an ancient African nation which existed a thousand years ago in what is now the northern part of the Limpopo province.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Order_of_Mapungubwe (313 words)

	South African Orders, Decorations and Medals - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The order of Ikhamanga was instituted in 2003 to award South African citizens who have excelled in the fields of arts, culture, literature, music, journalism and sport.
		The order of Luthuli was instituted in 2003 to award South African citizens who have made a meaningful contribution to the struggle for democracy, human rights, nation-building, justice, peace and conflict resolution.
		The order of Mapungubwe was instituted in 2002 to award South African citizens for excellence and exceptional achievement.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/South_African_Orders,_Decorations_and_Medals (999 words)

	Mapungubwe: SA's lost city of gold - SouthAfrica.info
		Mapungubwe is an area of open savannah at the confluence of the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers and abutting the northern border of South Africa and the borders of Zimbabwe and Botswana.
		Mapungubwe is probably the earliest known site in southern Africa where evidence of a class-based society existed (Mapungubwe's leaders were separated from the rest of the inhabitants).
		The Mapungubwe Collection is on permanent exhibit at the Mapungubwe Museum in the Old Arts Building on the main campus of the University of Pretoria.
	www.safrica.info /ess_info/sa_glance/history/mapungubwe.htm (1400 words)

	South African Embassy in Sweden, Government, National Symbols, National Orders
		National Orders are the highest awards that a country, through its President, bestows on its citizens and eminent foreign nationals.
		The President as the fount (holder, cradle, main source) of honour in the country bestows these Orders and Decorations and is assisted by the Director-General in The Presidency, who is the Chancellor of National Orders and an Advisory Council on National Orders, in the execution of this responsibility.
		The Order is awarded to South Africans who have made a meaningful contribution to the struggle for democracy, human rights, nation-building, justice and peace, and conflict resolution.
	www.southafricanemb.se /symbols/norders.htm (2391 words)

	Embassy of South Africa, Washington, DC
		This Order is to be awarded to South African citizens for excellence and exceptional achievement.
		Mapungubwe hill - forms the background, a sandstone hill on mudstone deposit in an arid subtropical area with erratic summer rains.
		ORDER OF THE COMPANIONS OF O.R. This Order is to be awarded to foreign nationals (Heads of State and Government) and other foreign dignitaries.
	www.saembassy.org /usaembassy/Southafrica/orders.html (1557 words)

	South African Stamps - National Orders of South Africa
		The Order of Mapungubwe: This Order is awarded to South African citizens for excellence and exceptional achievement on the international stage.
		This Order is awarded in gold for exceptional acts of bravery placing own lives in great danger or losing own lives in efforts to save lives or property.
		The Order of Luthuli: This Order is awarded to South Africans who have made a meaningful contribution to the struggle for democracy, human rights, nation building, justice and peace, and conflict resolution.
	www.sapo.co.za /philately/natorders.htm (526 words)

	SABCnews.com - politics/government (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Mandela received the Order of Mapungubwe in platinum for his "exceptional and unequalled" contribution to the struggle against apartheid, national reconciliation and nation-building, as well as his commitment to peace and justice in the world.
		Mandela's predecessor, FW de Klerk, said he was honoured to accept the Order of Mapungubwe (gold) in the spirit of reconciliation and nation building in which he believed it had been conferred.
		The order of Mapungubwe (platinum, gold and bronze) is awarded to South African citizens for excellence and exceptional achievement on the international stage.
	www.sabcnews.com /politics/government/0,2172,49093,00.html (593 words)

	Sunday Times - South Africa's best selling newspaper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Order of the Companions of O R Tambo - an "order of peace, cooperation and active expression of solidarity and support" for heads of state and government and other foreign dignitaries for friendship shown to SA.
		His design for the Mapungubwe order incorporates symbols of the Mapungubwe kingdom which thrived in the northeast of the country a millennium ago.
		The Baobab order's symbolism focuses on the tree, which "provides not only shade and a place for meetings, but is also central in supporting the communities it is found in".
	www.suntimes.co.za /2002/04/28/news/news25.asp (305 words)

	Mapungubwe
		The Orders of Ikhamanga, Mendi, Mapungubwe and the Companions of OR Tambo are the highest awards in the country.
		The illustrious Mr Khumalo was one of the many local and foreign nationals decorated with the national orders of Mapungubwe, Companions of OR Tambo, Mendi and...
		The orders are divided into four categories which include The Order of Mapungubwe, Ikhamanga, the Mendi Decoration for Bravery and the Companions of OR Tambo.
	conservation.mongabay.com /Mapungubwe.htm (474 words)

	mbeki
		He opted at his inauguration in 1999 not to receive the orders as they existed then, but to wait for new ones to be developed.
		He was also given the Order of the Boabab, which South Africans receive for distinguished service in a number of fields, as well as the Order of the Companions of OR Tambo -- reserved for foreigners.
		The director-general in the presidency, Frank Chikane, who is also the chancellor of national orders, used the occasion to unveil the new attire of the ceremonial "crier", who is to perform at award ceremonies in future.
	www.dispatch.co.za /2002/12/10/southafrica/MBEKI.HTM (442 words)

	The Herald Online News
		Frank Nabarro received the Order of Mapungubwe in silver and Nyokong and Himladevi Soodyall received it in bronze, for their contributions to science.
		Academic N P van Wyk Louw was posthumously awarded the Order of iKhamanga (gold) for his contributions to literature and his advocacy of the rights for African languages.
		South Africa’s most capped soccer player, Lucas Radebe, was awarded the order in silver for his achievements in sport, while former Drum journalist Henry Nxumalo was awarded it posthumously in silver for excellence in South African journalism.
	www.theherald.co.za /herald/2005/09/28/news/n04_28092005.htm (496 words)

	iafrica.com \| news \| sa news National gold for SA Nobel laureates
		"John Maxwell Coetzee is awarded the Order of Mapungubwe in gold for his exceptional contribution in the field of literature and for putting South Africa on the world stage," chancellor of national orders Frank Chikane said.
		Coetzee and Klug received the orders at the Union Buildings in Pretoria during the national orders ceremony where 23 other individuals were awarded with the highest honours South Africa bestows on its citizens and foreigners.
		Grant Nigel Kirkland was awarded the Order of Mendi for saving the life of a fellow surfer who was attacked by a shark in April last year and Simon John Mthombeni received the award in bronze for saving the victims of a light aeroplane crash near Pretoria in 1991.
	iafrica.com /news/sa/493527.htm (716 words)

	BuaNews Online homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Order of Mapungubwe is named after the Mapungubwe kingdom that existed in the northern corner of South Africa a millennium ago.
		The second Order is that of the Baobab, presented to South African citizens for distinguished service and service beyond the call of duty in the fields of business and the economy, science, medicine and technological innovation and community service.
		The fourth order, the Order of Luthuli, is awarded to South Africans who have made a meaningful contribution to the struggle for democracy, human rights, nation-building, justice and peace, and conflict resolution.
	www.buanews.gov.za /view.php?ID=06013116451001&coll=buanew06 (650 words)

	www.sagoodnews.co.za \| search \| benchmarking progress Highest honours for outstanding individuals
		National Orders are the highest awards that a country, through its head of state, bestows on its citizens and eminent foreign nationals and are traditionally viewed as events of importance in the national life of countries.
		The Order of Mapungubwe is awarded to citizens for achievements that have impacted internationally and served the interests of the country.
		The Order of the Baobab takes its inspiration from what is seen to be the oldest life form in Africa, the Baobab tree, whose endemic distribution and peculiar appearance and features have made it emblematic of the tropical African landscape.
	www.sagoodnews.co.za /search/benchmarking/248100.htm (1195 words)

	Media Statement on the National Orders Ceremony
		The first ceremony of National Orders was held on 10 December 2002 at the Union Buildings, at which the first awards for the Order of Mapungubwe, the Order of the Companions of OR Tambo and the Order of the Baobab were bestowed.
		The Order of Mapungubwe, which is awarded to South African citizens for achievements that have impacted internationally and served the interests of the Republic;
		The Order of Luthuli, reserved for South African citizens who have served the interest of South Africa by making a meaningful contribution in areas such as the struggle for democracy, human rights, nation-building, justice, peace and conflict resolution.
	www.dfa.gov.za /docs/2005/ord0421.htm (472 words)

	Indiainfo.com -> News -> World -> Mahatma Gandhi honoured with prestigious award (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Durban: South Africa on December 10 honoured Mahatma Gandhi with the prestigious Order of the Companions of O R Tambo, for his contributions to world peace.
		The Order of the Companions of O R Tambo is a new award created by the South African government to honour foreign nationals for friendship shown to South Africa and for active solidarity and support given to the country.
		The Order of Mapungubwe, which replaced old awards created under Apartheid rule, was given to former President Nelson Mandela, in the platinum category while Mandela's predecessor F W de Klerk, was presented with the national award in the gold category.
	news.indiainfo.com /2002/12/10/10mahatma.html (285 words)

	President Mbeki acknowledges design contribution by CSIR's Gold Mametja
		Caption: The Order of Mapungubwe, the Order of the Baobab and the Order of the Companions of O.R. Tambo
		The Order of Mapungubwe: awarded to SA citizens for excellence and exceptional achievement.
		The central motif is the Mapungubwe Kingdom which existed in the northern corner of South Africa a millennium ago.
	www.csir.co.za /plsql/ptl0002/PTL0002_PGE038_ARTICLE?ARTICLE_NO=7014177 (480 words)

	Mbeki's mum unable to receive award (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Order of the Baobab, the Order of Luthuli, the Order of the Companions of OR Tambo and the Order of Mapungubwe are the highest
		The Black Sash's Sheena Duncan received the order for her part in the struggle for a non-sexist, just and democratic South Africa, Wolfram Kistner was honoured for fighting for justice, equality and democracy, and Lindiwe Myeza for the economic upliftment of women and underprivileged communities in South Africa.
		The sole recipient of the Order of Mapungubwe was George Ellis, recognised for his scientific achievements and for putting South Africa on the world stage.
	www.suntimes.co.za /zones/sundaytimesNEW/newsst/newsst1145539253.aspx (543 words)

	bidorbuy - bidorbuy 1919303 - Mapungubwe World Heritage Site Coin - Johannesburg - South Africa
		Mapungubwe is an area situated at the confluence of the Limpopo and Shashe rivers, it borders Zimbabwe and Botswana.
		One thousand years ago, Mapungubwe was the centre of the largest kingdom in Africa where highly sophisticated inhabitants traded gold and ivory with China, India and Egypt.
		Mapungubwe was added to UNESCOs World Heritage Site list in July 2003 and the SA Mint minted this unique coin, featuring the famous rhinoceros, in 2005.The gold coin commemorates the fact that Mapungubwe is now a World Heritage site.
	www.bidorbuy.co.za /jsp/item/Item.jsp?Trade_TradeId=1919303 (325 words)

	ANC Today - Volume 2, No 39, 27 September 2002
		The third Order salutes those in the rest of the world who have acted in the spirit of international and human solidarity to assist us to achieve our goals as a people, both before and after our liberation.
		The government is working on new, additional National Orders to ensure that we have all the necessary symbols that will help both to identify us as a new united and diverse nation and pay tribute to those of our people who will make it possible for us to say that we are Proudly South African.
		Delegates were mindful of the ongoing struggle for a more just and equitable world order, and strong support was shown for our approach to multi-lateralism in resolving conflicts and problems of the world.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/anctoday/2002/at39.htm (3413 words)

	30 to get national awards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Orders of Ikhamanga, Mendi, Mapungubwe and the Companions of OR Tambo are the highest awards to be bestowed on South Africa's citizens and eminent foreign nationals.
		Jean Zaidel-Rudolph, described as an "unsung and renowned composer", will receive the Order of Ikhamanga, Bronze for her contribution to the development of music in South Africa and internationally.
		Mbeki will also award three men the Order of Mendi for bravery, and posthumously honour the former heads of state of Egypt and Guinea for their roles in the struggle against colonialism in Africa.
	www.news24.com /News24/AnanziArticle/0,6935,2-7-1442_1611628,00.html (477 words)

	The Herald Online News
		In the fifth ceremony of its kind since the adoption of South Africa’s new system of national orders, President Thabo Mbeki is to honour citizens and foreign nationals for distinguished and exceptional conduct.
		Six foreigners are to receive the Order of the Companions of OR Tambo — bestowed on those who have shown friendship to South Africa.
		Among the recipients of the Order of the Baobab was the University of Fort Hare, for its “exceptional contribution to fl academic training and leadership development on the African continent”.
	www.theherald.co.za /herald/2005/04/22/news/n07_22042005.htm (349 words)

	Oration of the President of the Republic of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki, on the Occasion of the National Orders Ceremony: ...
		This ceremony is convened to admit into the ranks of the Order of the Baobab, the Order of Luthuli, the Order of the Companions of O R Tambo and the Order of Mapungubwe, men and women who deserve high tribute for what they have done.
		These are our National Orders, the symbols that represent the nobility of human endeavour, constituting a hall of fame that will, today, be enriched by new and distinguished members.
		These are citizens of other countries, who, without discrimination and at great cost to themselves, their countries and peoples, have made an exceptional contribution to the efforts of the people of South Africa to define themselves as human beings, towards which objective Oliver Reginald Tambo devoted his whole life.
	www.dfa.gov.za /docs/speeches/2005/mbek0427.htm (922 words)

	SABCnews.com - south_africa/general
		FW de Klerk and Nelson Mandela were among 28 people honoured with the award of Order of Mapungubwe today at the Union Buildings in Pretoria.
		The orders, launched on Freedom Day, April 27, are the highest honours South Africa can bestow on its citizens and foreigners.
		The FW de Klerk Foundation said the former president was honoured to accept the award of the Order of Mapungubwe (gold) in the spirit of reconciliation and nation-building in which he believed that it had been conferred.
	www.sabcnews.com /south_africa/general/0,2172,49090,00.html (202 words)

	ZTO people section : Mbeki To Honour Outstanding Achievers
		The ceremony to be held at the Union Buildings in Pretoria next Tuesday, will see scores of South Africans and foreign nationals receiving the new Order of Mapungubwe, the Order of Baobab and Order of the Companion of O.R Tambo.
		National Orders are the highest honour that a country, through its head of state, can bestow on citizens and deserving foreign nationals, and these awards are traditionally viewed as events of importance in the national life of many countries.
		Briefing reporters at the Union Buildings in Pretoria yesterday, director-general in the Presidency Reverend Frank Chikane said the new orders, which were crafted by Limpopo born Mr Gold Mametja, represented a break from the colonial and apartheid past when only white South Africans were recognised.
	people.zambezitimes.com /fulltxt.php?id_news=105 (520 words)

	About government - The Order of Mapungubwe
		Mapungubwe rhino - the now most well-known artefact found in a grave at the excavation site, a gold-plated figurine formed around a soft core, probably sculpted wood, testimony to the excellence of human resourcefulness present in the Kingdom.
		Mapungubwe scepter - emerging from the gold melting pot on either side; another of the artefacts found in a grave at the excavation site.
		This site is best viewed using 800 x 600 resolution with Internet Explorer 4.5, Netscape Communicator 4.5, Mozilla 1.x or higher.
	www.info.gov.za /aboutgovt/orders/mapungubwe.htm (306 words)

	Indiainfo.com -> News -> World -> South Africa to honour Mahatma with peace award
		Durban: South Africa will honour Mahatma Gandhi with the prestigious Order of the Companions of O R Tambo, for his contributions to world peace.
		President Thabo Mbeki's government has also created another new award, the Order of Mapungubwe, to replace old awards created under apartheid rule.
		The award is named after the Mapungubwe Kingdom, which was situated in the Far North province of Limpopo a millennium ago, where Africans developed agriculture, mining and metallurgical industries.
	news.indiainfo.com /2002/12/09/09gandhi.html (271 words)

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