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Topic: Order of Santiago

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	Order of Santiago - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Order of Santiago or the Order of Saint James of Compostela was founded in the twelfth century, and owes its name to the national patron of Spain, St. James the Greater, under whose banner the Christians of Galicia began in the ninth century to combat and drive back the Muslims of Spain.
		The Knights of Santiago had possessions in each of the kingdoms, but Ferdinand II of León and Alfonso VIII of Castile, in bestowing them, set the condition that the seat of the order should be in their respective states.
		Thenceforth, Uclés, in the Province of Cuenca, was regarded as the headquarters of the order; there the grand master habitually resided, aspirants passed their year of probation, and the rich archives of the order were preserved until united in 1869 with the "Archivo Historico Nacional" of Madrid.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Santiaguistas (993 words)

	Military order - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A military order is a Christian order of knighthood that is founded for crusading, i.e.
		1173 Castilian Order of Montjoie Absorbed by Order of Calatrava 1221
		1216 Order of Dobrin (Bracia Dobrzyńscy) absorbed by the Teutonic Order in 1228
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Military_order (483 words)

	Order of Santiago -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Unlike the contemporary (additional info and facts about orders of Calatrava) orders of Calatrava and Alcántara, which followed the severe rule of the (A monk or nun belonging to the order founded by Saint Benedict) Benedictines of (additional info and facts about Citeaux) Citeaux, Santiago adopted the milder rule of the Canons of St. Augustine.
		The order comprised several affiliated classes: canons, charged with the administration of the sacraments; canonesses, occupied with the service of pilgrims; religious knights living in community, and married knights.
		The mildness of this rule furthered the rapid spread of the order, which eclipsed the older orders of Calatrava and Alcántara, and whose power was reputed abroad even before 1200.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/o/or/order_of_santiago.htm (827 words)

	The Military Order of Santiago (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Gifts to the Orders from each of Spain's several Monarchies and from individuals meant that their territories were widely scattered and this was particularly true of the heavily endowed Order of Santiago.
		With the conquest of Grenada the importance of the knights declined and, within a year of the death of the schismatic Master Alfonso de Cardenas in 1493, Ferdinand V of Aragón obtained the "Administration" of the Order of Santiago in the Kingdoms of Spain by a Bull of the Spanish Pope Alexander VI (Borgia).
		The knights of Santiago have left an architectural legacy of some considerable importance, indeed in building churches and fortresses and enlarging the towns and cities in their control each of the Orders have left a permanent remembrance of their power.
	www.chivalricorders.org /orders/spanish/santiago.htm (2408 words)

	SPANISH KNIGHTHOOD ORDERS
		The order participated at the Castilian civil wars of XIV & XV centuries, finally, after the reign of Catholic Kings, the king was the master of the order.
		The order took part in the Castilian civil wars of XIV & XV centuries, finally, after the reign of Catholic Kings, the king was the master of the order.
		At 1317, the Pope Juan XXII aproved the statutes of the order.
	perso.wanadoo.es /ibg3/med/knight.html (586 words)

	AI Europa - Military Orders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Santiago was also far more extensively endowed than the other Orders: in the 18th century the value of its benefices totaled 40% of the combined value of those of all four Orders together.
		The Order of Santiago took part in the Castilian civil wars of the 14th and 15th centuries, until finally in 1493, Ferdinand V of Aragón obtained the "Administration" of the Order of Santiago in the Kingdoms of Spain by a Bull of the Spanish Pope Alexander VI (Borgia).
		As this Order was a religious order, the knights were not taxed by the Crown and were not subject to the laws of the land; they were answerable only to the pope (probably something that contributed to their downfall later), and because of their vow of poverty, the Order solicited donations for their holy war.
	www.antiquatedideas.com /cgi-antiquatedideas/europa/topic.cgi?forum=56&topic=2 (1630 words)

	THE INTERIOR LIFE OF THE MILITARY RELIGIOUS ORDERS
		The earliest Orders were those of the Temple and the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (later known as the Knights of Rhodes, and still later as the Knights of Malta).
		Today I want to examine the intentions of the Orders and the essential aspects of their life as revealed in their primitive statutes, that is, the earliest texts of the twelfth century and the first years of the thirteenth.
		In Portugal the Order of Avis was dominant, though Santiago was close behind; in the kingdom of León defense of the frontier was shared principally by Santiago and Alcántara.
	www.hmml.org /centers/malta/publications/lecture2.html (6608 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Military Orders
		Orders of knighthood lacking this official recognition should be expunged from history, even though they figure in the pages of all the old historians of the military orders.
		An order of St. George of Alfama, in Aragon, approved in 1363 by Urban V, was merged in the Order of Montesa in 1399.
		A third order, Scottish by origin, is that of the Order of the Thistle, dating from the reign of James V of Scotland (1534).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/10304d.htm (2659 words)

	The Military Order of Calatrava (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Order had some sixteen priories and fifty-six commanderies and from 1540 their vows were modified to parallel those of the other Orders, permitting them to marry, while in 1652 a fourth vow was added to defend and sustain the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception (as in Santiago).
		The Order's head was the Grand Commander, his deputy the Grand Commander of Alcañices (or of Aragón), along with the Clavero, or keeper of the keys, the Obrero, Alférez (Standard-Bearer) and Commander of Almodovar.
		The badge of the Order is a red Greek cross with the letter M (for Mary) in ornate script as fleurs de lys, making the four arms; it is either worn sewn on the left breast or is represented as a gold red enameled cross hung from a red ribbon around the neck.
	www.chivalricorders.org /orders/spanish/calatrav.htm (2594 words)

	Portuguese Military Orders' Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Unwilling to accept the suppression of the Knights Templars' Order and the subsequent transmission of that Order's properties and wealth to the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem as decreed by the Council of Vienna, the Iberian kings soon made an alliance to evade this solution.
		The Order of Aviz originated as a confraternity of knights who, by 1166, took upon themselves the defense of the city of Evora on the frontier with the Moors.
		The vow of chastity (in the Order of Santiago the knights had always had the right to marry) was to be transformed by the end of the XVth century.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Academy/3908/militaryorders/introd.html (1737 words)

	Santiago (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1170 the Order of Santiago Knights was established which combined chivalry with the defense of Christendom.
		Membership in the Order of Santiago in the New World was the most cherished honor by many colonial governors.
		Santiago is also the protector of agriculture and ranching.
	www.nmhcpl.com /Santiago.html (1111 words)

	Medieval Sourcebook: A Late-Medieval Spanish Nobleman: Don Juan Pacheco, Master of the Order of Santiago (1419-1474)
		Don Juan Pacheco, Marquis of Villena and Master of the Order of Santiago, son of Alfonso Téllez Girón, was a man of middling stature, with a thin and well-formed body, attractive features and graceful gestures.
		He was Portuguese by nationality, among the greatest nobles of that kingdom, and grandson of one of the knights who came from Portugal to Castile in the service of King Juan I of Castile [1379-90], who was defeated at the battle of Aljubarrota [1385] (1).
		And in these conflicts, he showed such ingenuity that he was elected and granted the position of Master of the Order of Santiago.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/source/1474DonJuanPacheco.html (1675 words)

	Rutas Histórico Artísticas - Cultura y Turismo - Ayuntamiento de Estepa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Order of Santiago, a Christian military-religious order of knights, participated actively in its re-conquest.
		The Order of Santiago left its trace in different medieval buildings situated on the S. Cristóbal Hill, such as the walls of the ancient town, the palace tower (or donjon) and the Church Santa María la Mayor y Matriz.
		Those three orders had a great importance for our town from XVI to XVIII centuries, as it can be checked in the sumptuous temples they built and in the valuable goods they kept.
	www.estepa.com /ing/cultura/turismo2.htm (492 words)

	Região de Turismo da Costa Azul (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1323, King D. Dinis conferred further privileges on the population of Sesimbra and possibly ordered modifications to be made to the castle.
		The borough of Sesimbra, a maritime town since the middle of the XIII century, slowly but surely attracted the population down from on high (the castle) to the coast, attracted by the richness of the sea and abandoning the castle in the XV century.
		In 1516, during the visit of the leader of the Order of Santiago, D. Jorge de Lencastre, the main tower was threatening ruin.
	www.costa-azul.rts.pt /icastelo/r_1.html (559 words)

	Santiago de Compostela--History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Santiago de Compostela, located in the Northwest corner of Spain, is the supposed resting place of the remains of St. James the greater, one of the 12 Apostles of Jesus.
		The legend of Santiago's burial quickly became a focal point for Christian fighters during the Reconquista, the 700 year Crusade fought to remove the Islamic presence in Spain.
		Santiago de Compestela remained an important pilgrimage site through the Middle Ages and remains so today, as the legendary resting place of the Patron Saint of Spain.
	www.susqu.edu /history/medtrav/Santiago/History.htm (299 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online: SANTIAGO PEAK
		Santiago Peak is in the Santiago Mountains twenty-eight miles southwest of Marathon and twelve miles south of Del Norte Gap in central Brewster County (at 29°50' N, 103°25' W).
		Santiago Peak is a large intrusive mass, some 35 million years old, and a local landmark visible for miles.
		The Spanish commander told his men that their patron saint might be watching from the clouds around the summit; thus heartened, the soldiers yelled "Santiago!" and charged, scattering the Indians.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/SS/rjs14.html (457 words)

	Faith and Order boundary issue
		Faith and Order seeks "to proclaim the oneness of the Church of Jesus Christ and to call the churches to the goal of visible unity in one faith and one eucharistic fellowship, expressed in worship and in common life in Christ".
		Therefore, it was strongly recommended that Faith and Order explore the nature and purpose of the Church in the period after BEM and after the Fifth World Conference on Faith and Order in Santiago de Compostela (1993).
		Various bilateral dialogues, sponsored by the Christian world communions, are also facilitated by Faith and Order by convening members of the various dialogues in a bilateral forum every three years, and by the publication from time to time of the texts of the various bilateral reports.
	www.wcc-coe.org /wcc/what/faith/goal-e.html (2415 words)

	Military order (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The foundation of the Templars in 1120 provided the first in a series of tightly organised military forces which protected the Christian colonies in the Middle East, as well as fighting non-Christians in Spain and Eastern Europe.
		The modern era, from at least the 19th century to the present day, has seen the proliferation of bogus and self-styled orders.
		Bogus orders make fraudulent or unsubstantiable claims of ancient lineage while self-styled orders were not established by a legitimate and seated head of state.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/military_order (416 words)

	At the Edge archive: Santiago de Compostela
		A tomb alleged to be that of St James had been discovered in the diocese of Iva Flavia in the ninth century; the date of 816 is conventionally given and the tale is elaborated with a miraculous rescue of the body from the Atlantic breakers.
		In the city of Santiago are a number of statutes showing this canonised Rambo as a mounted knight dispatching small hordes of swarthy, bearded Arabs with a single thrust of his sword.
		In the contemporary chronicles for 1184 it is recorded that 'The order of Santiago was confirmed by the lord pope.
	www.indigogroup.co.uk /edge/santiago.htm (2438 words)

	Knights Templar Discussion Forum :: View topic - Orders of St. JAmes of the Sword and Order of SAntiago
		The Order of Santiago certainly held property in England at the height of their powers (as well as in France, Palestine, Italy, etc).
		In Portugal the Order did have a breakaway group-the Order of Sao Tiago, who grew out of the Order of Santiago sometime in mid to late 13th century.
		The Knights of Santiago were indeed allowed to marry, and also to retain their personal possessions, and even include their personal heraldry on their shields etc. However, on a Brother knight's death his property went to the Order, but the Order then became responsible for any surviving family.
	www.templarhistory.com /forum/viewtopic.php?p=8151&sid=692fd76602edb9463b72e3de40e850be (905 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Order of Saint James of Compostela
		This explains the mixed character of their order, which is hospitaller and military, like that of St. John of Jerusalem.
		Abrantes, their first commandery in Portugal, dates from the reign of Alfonso I in 1172, and soon became a distinct order which Nicholas IV in 1290 released from the jurisdiction of Uclés.
		Under Charles V, Adrian VI annexed to the crown of Spain the three great military orders (Alcántara, Calatrava, and Santiago) with hereditary transmission even in the female line (1522).
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13353a.htm (972 words)

	Santiago De Compostela Church - Santiago 4 U (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Santiago de Compostela, the Spanish cathedral housing the relics of St. James, has long exerted a powerful pull on travelers.
		Pilgrimages to the town of Santiago de Compostela are undertaken by Spaniards and foreigners alike in veneration of the apostle St. James.
		The Cathedral of Santiago in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, was built in the 11th century on the grave-site of the patron saint of Spain, St James (Santiago)....(Continue Reading)
	www.drgriff.com /santiago-de-compostela-church.html (371 words)

	Camino a Santiago - caminoasantiago.com
		The much bandied about name of Santiago “matamoros” (slayer of moors) comes from a legend that has Santiago fighting for the Christian cause in the battle of Clavijo, brandishing his sword, from atop his horse, against the vanquished moors at his feet.
		The Cathedral of Santiago still has a statue of Santiago in such posture; the statue is covered discretely when an important official from a Muslim country visits the Cathedral.
		At least the church of San Pedro was spared, as was the church of San Xoan built in the twelfth century by disciples of Maestro Mateo, which explains the similarities between the Portico de Gloria in the Santiago Cathedral and the principal portal of the San Xoan church with its 24 Apocalypse elders.
	www.caminoasantiago.com /pagina.php?id=1052 (1391 words)

	Religious orders / Flags of saints
		The article says that when the Portuguese branch of the Templars turned into the Order of Christ, they kept their original symbols, so this symbol was the original symbol of the Order of Christ.
		This is a castillian reconquista order, whose cross (bleu, a cross fleury gueules, outlined in gold and hollow of the field) can be found on some portuguese family coats of arms.
		It is the current representative cross of the Supreme Military Order of the Temple of Jersusalem, alternately OSMTH (Ordo Supremus Militaris Templi Hierosolymitani).
	www.hampshireflag.co.uk /world-flags/allflags/rord.html (2299 words)

	Stefan's Florilegium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This is a rather unusual order in that it was clearly a military order for women.
		The order fought in the Castilian civil wars of XIV & XV centuries, finally, after the reign of Catholic Kings, the king was the master of the order.
		The order of Santiago was created by 12 knights: "los caballeros de Caceres", who defended the pilgrims who went to Santiago de Compostela.
	www.florilegium.org /files/CHIVALRY/K-Ord-o-Spain-art.html (542 words)

	Santiago Message
		The Faith and Order Plenary Commission, meeting on 14 August 1993, agreed that this fact should be explicitly mentioned when the Message was published.
		Drafts of a "Working Document" on the theme and sub-themes of the World Conference, prepared by the Faith and Order Standing Commission, were shared in a two-year process with many ecumenical commissions, individuals, nine regional consultations in different parts of the world and with a joint consultation with Unit III of the WCC.
		Accordingly, the Faith and Order Standing Commission decided that the Discussion Paper should be included in the present Report and also in the fuller Report of the World Conference to be published later.
	www.wcc-coe.org /wcc/what/faith/santiag.html (2043 words)

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