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Topic: Ordinance of Secession

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	New Georgia Encyclopedia: Secession
		secession from the Union followed nearly two decades of increasingly intense sectional conflict over the status of slavery in western territories and over the future of slavery in the United States.
		Secession had been seriously mentioned as a political option at least as far back as the Missouri crisis of 1819-21, and threats to disrupt the Union were commonplace in every sectional crisis from the nullification era (1828-33) onward.
		The secession of nearby states, however, made the logic of cooperationist proposals suspect and weakened their resolve; they were far less active during the campaign than their immediate secessionist counterparts.
	www.georgiaencyclopedia.org /nge/Article.jsp?id=h-1085 (1136 words)

	Ordinances of Secession 13 Confederate States of America (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		And be it further resolved, That the President of this Convention, be and is hereby instructed to transmit forthwith a copy of the foregoing Preamble, Ordinance, and Resolutions to the Governors of the several States named in said resolutions.
		AN ORDINANCE to repeal the ratification of the Constitution of the United State of America by the State of Virginia, and to resume all the rights and powers granted under said Constitution.
		This ordinance shall take effect and be an act of this day, when ratified by a majority of the voter of the people of this State cast at a poll to be taken thereon on the fourth Thursday in May next, in pursuance of a schedule hereafter to be enacted.
	americancivilwar.com /documents/ordinance_secession.html (1076 words)

	Ordinance of Secession - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Each state ratified its own ordinance of secession, typically by means of a specially elected convention or general referendum.
		Missouri's ordinance was approved by a legislative session called by Claiborne Fox Jackson, the pro-confederate governor (see Missouri secession).
		Virginia's ordinance was approved by a referendum but rejected by the northwestern section of the state (see Wheeling Convention), leading to the creation of West Virginia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ordinance_of_Secession (288 words)

	Narrative History of Texas Secession and Readmission to the Union - Texas State Library
		Sixteen years after Texas joined the United States, in January 1861, the Secession Convention met in Austin and adopted an Ordinance of Secession on February 1 and a Declaration of Causes on February 2.
		This proposal was approved by the voters, but even before Texas could become "independent" as provided for in the text of the Ordinance, it was accepted by the Provisional Government of the Confederate States of America as a state on March 1, 1861.
		The Secession Convention, reconvened on March 2, approved an ordinance accepting Confederate statehood on March 5.
	www.tsl.state.tx.us /ref/abouttx/secession (633 words)

	Ordinances of Secession
		The ordinances of secession were the actual legal language by which the seceded states severed their connection with the Federal Union.
		The Missouri secession ordinance was passed by a rump legislature and never approved by the people at large.
		The Kentucky secession ordinance was adopted by a convention of 200 participants representing 65 counties, held in Russellville.
	members.aol.com /jfepperson/ordnces.html (1221 words)

	Search The Blue and Gray Trail for secession
		Georgia and South Carolina agreed that secession was a possible answer to the...
		Ordinance of Secession We, the people of the State...
		Ordinance for the immediate and separate Secession of this State, and would have...
	blueandgraytrail.com /search?id=52 (254 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online:
		Opposition to secession during the referendum campaign was concentrated in counties along the northern border of the state and in a circle of counties surrounding Austin.
		In contrast, the approximately one in four counties where over 95 percent of the vote was cast for secession were strongly linked to the lower South, had no outspoken critics of secession, and had very strong Democratic party organizations that facilitated secession.
		In addition to his persistent opposition to secession, the hero of San Jacinto considered the drafting of a constitution and the joining of the state to the Confederacy without extensive public debate and another public referendum to be unconstitutional.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/view/SS/mgs2.html (2376 words)

	South Carolina Secession Causes
		Below we present the text of the December 24, 1860 South Carolina "Causes of Secession" document which could be considered roughly equivalent to a Declaration of Independence for South Carolina.
		But to remove all doubt, an amendment was added, which declared that the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people.
		The greater number of the contracting parties held slaves, and they had previously evinced their estimate of the value of such a stipulation by making it a condition in the Ordinance for the government of the territory ceded by Virginia, which now composes the States north of the Ohio River.
	www.sonofthesouth.net /leefoundation/secession_causes.htm (1595 words)

	Ordinance of Secession
		On January 18, 1861 a resolution was introduced that called for secession from the United States, and that a committee be created to draft the formal announcement.
		On January 19, 1861, the formal Ordinance of Secession passed by a vote of 208 to 89, and Georgia dissolved its ties with the Union.
		The copy of the Georgia Ordinance of Secession held by the Hargrett Library is printed on satin.
	www.libs.uga.edu /hargrett/selections/confed/ord.html (306 words)

	Secession, The Union View
		Drills, parades, meetings, bonfires, secession harangues, secession cockades, palmetto flags, purchase of fire-arms and powder, singing of the Marseillaise--there is not room to enumerate the follies to which the general populace, especially of Charleston, devoted their days and nights.
		When in due time an alleged vote (taken on February 23d) ratifying the ordinance was submitted to him, he refused to recognize further acts of the convention; whereupon the enraged convention (March 16th) declared his office vacant, and empowered the lieutenant-governor to seize the executive authority.
		But the mere perversion of elections, the adoption of a secession ordinance, and the assumption of independent authority, was not enough for the Cotton Republics.
	www.civilwarhome.com /secession.htm (3659 words)

	Ordinance of Secession - Fairfax County, Virginia - Circuit Court (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Ordinance of Secession - Fairfax County, Virginia - Circuit Court
		On May 23, 1861 a vote was held in all Fairfax County precincts deciding if the citizens would join the rest of Virginia in seceding from the Union.
		The Ordinance of Secession shows how the voters cast their ballots.
	www.fairfaxcounty.gov /courts/circuit/secession.htm (89 words)

	Texas Almanac 2006-2007 \| TexasAlmanac.com \| Politics & Elections
		Secession and the Union in Texas by Walter L. Buenger (one of the alternative count totals presented in the table below).
		"Secession Movement in Texas," in the Historical Atlas of Texas by A. Ray Stephens and William M. Holmes.
		The vote was for or against the Ordinance of Secession adopted February 1, 1861, by the Secession Convention in Austin.
	www.texasalmanac.com /politics/secession.html (254 words)

	[No title]
		Texas, Convention passed Ordinance of Secession, 1 Feb 1861, to take effect 2 Mar 1861 provided it was ratified by the voters on 23 Feb 1861.
		The ordinance of secession was ratified by popular vote on 23 May 1861 at which time new legislators were also elected.
		The division ordinance was ratified by the people on 24 Oct. From 26 Nov 1861 to 18 Feb 1862, the convention wrote a constitution for the proposed new state which was approved by the voters on 11 Apr 1862.
	www.textfiles.com /internet/FAQ/faqcivw1.txt (4739 words)

	Secession of The South (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Immediately after his election, south Carolina called a convention and six weeks later, the convention unanimously passes an ordinance of secession, which formally 'dissolved the state from the Union'.
		An ordinance to dissolve the Union between the State of South Carolina and other states united with her under the compact entitled, "The Constitution of the Unites States of America."
		After Lincoln received the Ordinance of Secession for South Carolina, he immediately ordered troops in the south and soon the war was on.
	www.promotega.org /msc00017/secession_of_the_south.htm (289 words)

	Alabama Secession Convention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		On January 9, 1861, the Mississippi legislature passed an Ordinance of Secession by 84 yeas to 15 nays.
		On the 26th the Louisiana convention passed an Ordinance of Secession by 103 yeas to 17 nays.
		The later secession of Missouri was the work of persons unauthorized by the Confederacy, and, though recognized by the Confederacy, was not legally valid even according to the theory of secession.
	www.adena.com /adena/usa/cw/al.htm (359 words)

	Handbook, Secession: http://www (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The vote was held on February 23, 1861; 46,153 Texans voted for secession, and 14,747 voted to remain in the Union.
		Adamantly opposed to secession, Houston warned Texans that civil war would result in a Northern victory and destruction of the South, a prophecy that was borne out by future events.
		The Secession Convention, however, convened a week later and began a series of actions that withdrew Texas from the Union; Houston acquiesced to these events rather than bring civil strife and bloodshed to his beloved state.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_rtc/ContentDocsForSecession.htm (8744 words)

	Civil War FAQ
		Missouri, Convention rejected secession 9 Mar 1861; Convention reconvened in July 1861 and declared offices of governor and legislature vacant; rump legislature, meeting in Neosho, passed Ordinance of Secession 31 Oct 1861 and requested admission to CSA.
		Considered, therefore, as transactions under the Constitution, the Ordinance of Secession, adopted by the convention and ratified by a majority of the citizens of Texas, and all the Acts of her Legislature intended to give effect to that ordinance, were absolutely null.
		The division ordinance was ratified by the people on 24 Oct. From 26 Nov 1861 to 18 Feb 1862, the convention wrote a constitution for the proposed new state which was approved by the voters on 11 Apr 1862.
	www.15thnewyorkcavalry.org /faq.htm (7883 words)

	Ordinance of 1785
		The Ordinance provided that sections be offered to the public at the minimum bidding price of one dollar per acre or a total of $640.
		A revision of the statehood provisions for the Northwest came in the Ordinance of 1787.
		in question the authority of this ordinance or the validity of such act or acts of the legislature as may be passed for the purpose of giving effect thereto, or the validity of the aforesaid acts of Congress, imposing duties, shall any appeal...
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1150.html (622 words)

	Handbook of Texas Online:
		The secession of South Carolina in mid-December intensified this pressure and led to the secession of five other states in the lower South.
		In the next two days the convention delegates worked out a formal ordinance of secession which, unlike those of the other lower South states, called for a popular referendum to resolve the secession question.
		After voting for secession the convention formed a committee on public safety, sent seven delegates to Montgomery, Alabama, to participate in the establishment of the Confederate States of America, and adjourned on February 4 to await the popular vote.
	www.tsha.utexas.edu /handbook/online/articles/SS/mjs1.html (1026 words)

	The Avalon Project : Confederate States of America - Declaration of the Immediate Causes Which Induce and Justify the ...
		But to remove all doubt, an amendment was added, which declared that the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people.
		On the 23d May, 1788, South Carolina, by a Convention of her People, passed an Ordinance assenting to this Constitution, and afterwards altered her own Constitution, to conform herself to the obligations she had undertaken.
		The greater number of the contracting parties held slaves, and they had previously evinced their estimate of the value of such a stipulation by making it a condition in the Ordinance for the government of the territory ceded by Virginia, which now composes the States north of the Ohio River.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/csa/scarsec.htm (1452 words)

	Journal of the Constitutional Convention, 1866 - Table of Contents
		Ordinance appropriating to defray expenses of delegates to Washington engrossed (ordinance 20)
		Ordinance, ratification of amendments to the constitution adopted, enrolled (ordinance 4)
		Ordinance 4, ratification of the amendments to the constitution, sec.
	tarlton.law.utexas.edu /constitutions/pdf/pdf1866/index1866.html (2223 words)

	The First Wave of Secession
		Some, known as cooperative secessionists evinced clear and uncompromising support for secession, but believed that their efforts would be more sucessful if the states stood together and presented a united front.
		In general, the secession ordinances passsed at these conventions rescinded ratification of the constitution.
		In an attempt to stem the rising tide of secession, the Senate's Committee of Thirteen, led by John J. Crittenden of Kentucky, proposed a compromise plan.
	valley.vcdh.virginia.edu /outlines/secession.html (1543 words)

	History of the Civil War
		An impression of Florida's first state seal pattern was embossed on Florida's Ordinance of Secession to certify it as official in January 1861.
		It was unfurled by Governor-elect John Milton on the east porch of the state capitol when the delegates signed Florida's Ordinance of Secession on January 11, 1861.
		As the question of possible secession arose in late 1860, the state legislature considered adopting a state flag and state uniform.
	www.floridareenactorsonline.com /flsecession.htm (1192 words)

	Texas Treasures - Secession - Texas State Library
		The proposed ordinance was approved by the voters, but even before Texas could become "independent" as provided for in the text of the Ordinance, Texas was accepted as a Confederate state on March 1, 1861.
		Throughout the Civil War period, Texas existed as a state in the Confederate States of America, its status confirmed by the elected representatives of the Texas citizens.
		President Grant signed the act to readmit Texas to Congressional representation on March 30, 1870, and this federal act was promulgated throughout Texas by a general order issued by General Reynolds on April 16, 1870.
	www.tsl.state.tx.us /treasures/earlystate/secess-01.html (388 words)

	Ratification of the Ordinance of Secession (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The Ordinance of Secession was approved by the voters of Virginia on May 23, 1861.
		During the month following the passage of the ordinance by the delegates at the Richmond Convention, citizens of western Virginia gathered in communities and voiced their opposition to or support for the decision to leave the Union.
		When Virginia Governor John Letcher announced that the ordinance had been ratified by the citizens of Virginia by a vote of 125,950 to 20,373, many western Virginians were outraged by his pronouncement that most of the votes from western Virginia had not been delivered to Richmond.
	www.wvculture.org /HiStory/statehood/statehood06.html (226 words)

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