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Topic: Organic peroxide

	Organic peroxide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		MEKP and benzoyl peroxide are commonly used for this purpose.
		Benzoyl peroxide and acetone peroxide are used as bleaching and "maturing" agents for treating flour to make its grain release gluten easier; the alternative is letting the flour slowly oxidize by air, which is too slow for the industrialized era.
		Many organic chemicals form peroxides in presence of atmospheric oxygen and sometimes ultraviolet light; a typical example is the diethyl ether peroxide.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Organic_peroxide (991 words)

	Peroxide - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Since peroxides can form spontaneously in some materials, some caution must be exercised with such "peroxide-forming materials." Triacetone triperoxide and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine are explosive organic peroxide compounds; TATP may be formed accidentally as a waste product in some reactions.
		Barium peroxide is used in pyrotechnics and tracer ammunition, and was once used in the manufacture of hydrogen peroxide.
		Sodium peroxide is used as a carbon dioxide absorber and oxygen regenerator (e.g.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Peroxide (654 words)

	[No title]
		An organic peroxide identified by technical name in the Organic Peroxides Table in § 173.225 is assigned to a generic type in accordance with that Table.
		Organic peroxides not identified in the Organic Peroxides Table are assigned to generic types under the procedures of paragraph (c) of this section.
		A type G organic peroxide is not subject to the requirements of this subchapter for organic peroxides of Division 5.2 provided that it is thermally stable (self-accelerating decomposition temperature is 50 °C (122 °F) or higher for a 50 kg (110 pounds) package).
	www.myregs.com /dotrspa/goto.asp?ref=CFR49.173.128.c (932 words)

	[No title]
		Organic peroxides that require temperature control are subject to the provisions of § 173.21(f).
		An organic peroxide not identified in paragraph (c), (e), or (g) of this section by technical name, or not assigned to a generic type in accordance with the provisions in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, must conform to the provisions of paragraph (c) of § 173.128.
		Mixtures of organic peroxides individually identified in the Organic Peroxides Table in paragraph (c) of this section may be classified as the same type of organic peroxide as that of the most dangerous component and be transported under the conditions for transportation given for this type.
	www.myregs.com /dotrspa/goto.asp?ref=CFR49.173.225 (1067 words)

	Organic peroxide
		Organic peroxides are used primarily as polymerization initiators, curing agents and crosslinking agents for synthetic resins and synthetic rubbers.
		Organic peroxides may generally be considered as derivatives of hydrogen peroxides (H2O2) in which one or both of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by an organic group.
		Organic peroxides contain the -O-O- bond within the molecular structure, and the chemical properties of the peroxides originate from this bond.
	www.micchem.com /products/OrganicPeroxide.htm (702 words)

	[No title]
		Organic peroxide are thermally unstable substances, which may have one or more of the following properties(see also 2.15.1.1 of the UN-GHS): be liable to exothermic decomposition at normal or elevated temperatures burn rapidly be sensitive to impact and friction; react dangerously with other substances.
		X.4 Classification in GHS Organic peroxides are classified according to the classification criteria as given in chapter 2.15.2 of the UN-GHS, in one of the seven categories of “Types A to G” according to principles as given in 2.15.2.2 of the UN-GHS.
		The classification of an organic peroxide in one of the seven categories “Types A to G” is dependent on its detonative, explosive and deflagrating properties, its reaction to heating, the concentration and the type of diluent added to desensitize the substance.
	ecb.jrc.it /classlab/2104r1_guidance_organic_peroxides.doc (2169 words)

	Hydrogen Peroxide (Quantifix) - Organic Fertilizer, Hydroponics, Horticultural, Agricultural, Orchards and Gardening ...
		Peroxide test strips are a plastic strip with a reactive pad on one end.
		The amount of hydrogen peroxide used depends on the quality of the water, the number of people using the tub, the frequency of use, and the amount of sunlight the tub gets.
		Peroxide application into the well water, or city water can best be accomplished by a metering device, which keeps the application more constant and thorough although manual application can be a second best.
	www.agriorganics.com /products/hydrogen_peroxide.html (1611 words)

	[No title]
		Organic peroxides are thermally unstable substances, which may have one or more of the following properties (see also 2.15.1.1 of the UN-GHS): be liable to exothermic decomposition at normal or [slightly]elevated temperatures burn rapidly be sensitive to impact and friction; react dangerously with other substances.
		X.4 Classification in GHS Organic peroxides are classified into one of the seven categories of “Types A to G” according to the classification criteria as given in chapter 2.15.2 of the UN-GHS, in one of the seven categories of “Types A to G” according to principles as given in 2.15.2.2 of the UN-GHS.
		The classification of an organic peroxide in one of the seven categories “Types A to G” is dependent on its detonativedetonation, explosive thermal explosion and deflagrating properties, its reaction response to heating, the concentration and the type of diluent added to desensitize the substance.
	ecb.jrc.it /classlab/2104r1a1_UK_guidance_organic_peroxides.doc (2389 words)

	173.128
		A type G organic peroxide is not subject to the requirements of this subchapter for organic peroxides of Division 5.2 provided that it is thermally stable (self-accelerating decomposition temperature is 50 deg.C (122 deg.F) or higher for a 50 kg (110 pounds) package).
		An organic peroxide shall be assigned to a generic type based on-- (1) Its physical state (i.e., liquid or solid), in accordance with the definitions for liquid and solid in Sec.
		The generic type for an organic peroxide shall be determined using the testing protocol from Figure 20.1(a) (Classification and Flow Chart Scheme for Organic Peroxides) from the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.
	hazmat.dot.gov /sp_app/approvals/regs/173.128.htm (632 words)

	EPA: Federal Register: Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities and Hazardous Waste Generators; ...
		Certain organic peroxides are temperature sensitive compounds that are subject to spontaneous, rapid decomposition under certain conditions.
		At some organic peroxide manufacturing facilities, the production processes may generate hazardous wastes containing organic peroxides that are placed in waste management units subject to the subpart CC standards.
		The organic peroxide characteristics of the hazardous waste placed in tanks and containers at the company's facilities are highly variable because of the number of different types of organic peroxide products manufactured, the types of manufacturing processes used, and the nature of the operations used to safely handle organic peroxides at this company's facilities.
	www.epa.gov /fedrgstr/EPA-WASTE/1995/September/Day-29/pr-347.html (3142 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Thus in the preferred modes of operation a vapor phase is formed comprising the organic disulfide being produced and water resulting from vaporization of a portion of aqueous reaction medium, and this vapor phase is removed (withdrawn or recovered) from the reaction zone concurrently with its formation, e.
		Usually, the peroxide is introduced to the reaction mixture in the form of a solution, and typically as an aqueous solution which generally is in the range of a 1 to 70% peroxide solution.
		In the mercaptide oxidation reaction, peroxide is typically used as the oxidant although other peroxy compounds such as hydroperoxides, persulfates, peroxycarbonates, superoxides, and like substances may be useable in lieu of peroxide or in addition thereto.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/41234.990819&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3425 words)

	RSPA
		For an organic peroxide not identified in the table by technical name or a formulation of identified organic peroxides, the provisions of paragraph (c) of Sec.
		A diluent type A is an organic liquid that does not detrimentally affect the thermal stability or increase the hazard of the organic peroxide and with a boiling point not less than 150 deg.C at atmospheric pressure.
		Mixtures of organic peroxides individually identified in the Organic Peroxides Table in paragraph (b) of this section may be classified as the same type of organic peroxide as that of the most dangerous component and be transported under the conditions for transportation given for this type.
	hazmat.dot.gov /sp_app/approvals/regs/173.225.htm (2317 words)

	OSH Answers: Organic Peroxides - Hazards
		Organic peroxides and mixtures containing an organic peroxide are used as accelerators, activators, catalysts, cross-linking agents, curing agents, hardeners, initiators and promoters.
		Organic peroxides and mixtures containing an organic peroxide are often referred to by these terms.
		Organic peroxides are available as solids (usually fine powders), liquids or pastes.
	www.ccohs.ca /oshanswers/chemicals/organic/organic_peroxide.html (1894 words)

	Third Level
		Organic peroxides are carbon-based chemicals that contain the characteristic peroxide O-O bond.
		Peroxides formed in compounds by auto—oxidation have caused many accidents, including the unexpected explosions of the residue of solvents after distillation.
		For volatile organic chemicals, the test strip is immersed in the chemical for 1 second; then the tester breathes slowly on the test strip for 15–30 seconds, or until the color stabilizes.
	www.ehs.berkeley.edu /pubs/guidelines/pecguidelines.html (3525 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Hydrogen peroxide or an organic peroxide is used as an oxidant.
		The enzyme, preferably chlorperoxidase is present in the aqueous phase, and the oxidizing agent, preferably an organic peroxide is partly present in the organic phase.
		Hydrogen peroxide is present in the aqueous phase and the unreacted alcohol, as well as the aldehyde being formed in the reaction are mostly present in the organic phase of the two-phase system.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/67410.991229&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3811 words)

	Lab Safety Review: Danger! — Peroxides Present
		Organic peroxides are potentially explosive solids that form in many common organic liquids found in the laboratory.
		The peroxide level considered to be dangerous varies from chemical to chemical, and with the stability of the peroxide formed.
		Explosive levels of peroxides may also be formed by evaporation of a solvent under the cap of a bottle and around the threads.
	www.laboratorynetwork.com /content/news/article.asp?DocID={3E8D1149-5679-11D4-8C54-009027DE0829}&VNETCOOKIE=NO (757 words)

	Crompton Organic Peroxide Curing Agents and Crosslinking Agents.
		Crompton organic peroxide initiators are also utilized as crosslinking agents with polymers such as polyethylene, rubbers, ethylene copolymers, and polyurethane.
		The most prominent organic peroxide crosslinking agents are of the dialkyl peroxides group, e.g., Esperal 115RG.
		Organic peroxide crosslinking agents also provide better storage of the compounded material, simpler formulations, and higher processing temperatures.
	www.cromptoncorp.com /curing-crosslinking-agents.html (285 words)

	California Code of Regulations, Title 8, Section 5461. Organic Peroxides and Dual Component Coatings. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Separate pressure vessels and inserts specific for the application shall be used for the resin and for the organic peroxide and they shall not be interchanged.
		(e) Organic peroxides shall be stored in a cool, detached building apart from other finishing materials, and only minimum daily requirements shall be brought to the processing area; such material remaining at the spraying station at the end of a day's operations shall be carefully disposed of.
		Organic peroxides shall be kept away from all sources of heat including steam pipes, radiators, open flames or sparks and solar radiation.
	www.dir.ca.gov /calosha/Title8/5461.html (426 words)

	Carolina Biological: Chemistry: The Perils of Peroxides (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Organic peroxides are carbon-based chemicals that include a double oxygen (-O-O-) bond in their molecular structure.
		When handling organic peroxides and peroxide-forming chemicals and reagents, always wear proper protective equipment to include eye and face protection, impermeable gloves, and a rubber lab apron.
		Reagents with low peroxide levels may be safely used; however, it depends on the application of the reagent.
	www.carolina.com /chemistry/resources/peroxides.asp?print=yes (821 words)

	Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (077) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Because the recovery of MEK peroxide from the spiked samples was greater than 75% and the precision (1.96 SD) was less than ±25%, the detection limit of the overall procedure and reliable quantitation limit are the same.
		The instrument response to MEK peroxide over the range of 0.5 to 2 times the target concentration is linear with a slope of 120700 area counts per µg/mL for the dimer and 113213 area counts per µg/mL for the monomer.
		The precision of the analytical procedure is 0.027 for MEK peroxide dimer and 0.035 for MEK peroxide monomer.
	www.osha-slc.gov /dts/sltc/methods/organic/org077/org077.html (3697 words)

	A Xanthomonas Alkyl Hydroperoxide Reductase Subunit C (ahpC) Mutant Showed an Altered Peroxide Stress Response and ...
		Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase subunit C (AhpC) is the catalytic subunit responsible for alkyl peroxide metabolism.
		For determination of levels of resistance to peroxide killing, bacterial cells from the exponential or stationary phase were mixed with SB top agar and poured onto SB plates.
		In all bacteria thus far studied, levels of peroxide resistance significantly increase in the stationary phase (10, 27).
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/182/23/6845 (2885 words)

	173.128 Class 5, Division 5.2 -- Definitions and types.
		(3) Performance of the organic peroxide under the test procedures specified in the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, and the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section.
		(iii) An organic peroxide which may be shipped as a sample under the provisions of § 173.225(c).
		The generic type for an organic peroxide shall be determined using the testing protocol from Figure 20.1(a) (Classification and Flow Chart Scheme for Organic Peroxides) from the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (see § 171.7 of this subchapter).
	www.setonresourcecenter.com /49CFR/Docs/wcd00009/wcd00956.asp (944 words)

	Crosslinking Agents Center - Organic Peroxides - Why use organic peroxide?
		Organic peroxides are acting as free radical source.
		Organic peroxide can be used alone or combine with free radical multifunctional monomers.
		In this Crosslinking Agents Center, we propose you an general description of the crosslinking mechanism, when the peroxide is used alone or in combination with other monomers.
	specialchem4polymers.com /tc/Organic-Peroxides-Crosslinking-Agents?... (367 words)

	DRAFT GUIDANCE FOR HAZARD DETERMINATION FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE OSHA HAZARD COMMUNICATION STANDARD
		The peroxide functional group (-O-O) is relatively unstable and most organic peroxides will spontaneously decompose at a slow rate.
		Some organic peroxides, however, are capable of very violent reactions with detonation at environmental temperatures, causing fires and explosions.
		Several organic peroxides are used in the plastics industry to initiate polymerization and serve as cross-linking agents.
	www.osha.gov /dsg/hazcom/GHD100203.html (13983 words)

	[No title]
		(D) Organic peroxide Type C, solid, temperature controlled, 5.2, UN 3114.
		Dibenzoyl peroxide [as a stable dispersion in water].
		Dilauroyl peroxide [as a stable dispersion in water].
	www.myregs.com /dotrspa/goto.asp?ref=CFR49.173.225.f (1067 words)

	Crosslinking Agents Center - Organic Peroxides - Crosslinking of cables with organic peroxide
		Peroxides are used to cure the isulation layer.
		This is an important technology for XLPE cables, where liquid or molten peroxide is sprayed on LDPE granules prior to extrusion.
		It is a crosslinking technology which is applied for the curing of cable insulation materials and based on a jacked tube which may be 60 meters long and operating under internal steam or nitrogen pressure of 1.4 MPa.
	www.specialchem4polymers.com /tc/Organic-Peroxides-Crosslinking-Agents?id=3723 (333 words)

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