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Topic: Organohalogen

In the News (Thu 9 Jul 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Nature mimics industry
		Human made chemical compounds called organohalogens get loads of attention as they are best known for their often harmful effect on the environment — substances like the CFCs (the ozone-damaging chemicals), dioxin (found in the herbicide Agent Orange), PCBs (industrial fluids) and several pesticides.
		Organohalogen compounds all contain one of the halogen elements chlorine, bromine, iodine or fluorine.
		Gribble emphasizes that many of these natural organohalogens have potent anticancer and antibacterial activity, and one organochlorine, vancomycin, is the life-saving drug for treating penicillin-resistant bacterial infections in hospital patients.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2004-07/dc-nmi072104.php (737 words)

	Sarasota Dolphin Research Program
		Organohalogen compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and chlorinated pesticides were manufactured by man to provide materials such as electrical transformers, flame retardants and insecticides.
		To assess the concentrations, patterns and toxic potential of organohalogen contaminants found within the Sarasota Bay bottlenose dolphin population, over 195 blubber, blood and milk samples were collected for contaminant analysis during live capture and release programs since June 2000.
		Organohalogen contaminants are primarily absorbed through the diet and may be accumulated, excreted, offloaded through milk or transformed by the body to form potentially toxic metabolites.
	www.sarasotadolphin.org /Health/Organic.asp (526 words)

	Essay: Find out how halogens are used in the manufacture of herbicides and polymers and environmental problems ...
		Organohalogen compounds are organic compounds that contain at least one halogen (fluorine [F], chlorine [Cl], bromine [Br], or iodine [I]) bonded to carbon.
		Organohalogen compounds differ widely in chemical reactivity, depending on the halogen and the class to which they belong, and they may even differ within a class.
		A halogen substituent is considered a functional group, and the transformations of organohalogen compounds rank among the most important in organic chemistry.
	www.coursework.info /A2_and_A-Level/Chemistry/Find_out_how_halogens_are_used_in_the_manufacture_of_L1125.html (258 words)

	Anthropogenic and natural organohalogen compounds in blubber of dolphins and dugongs (Dugong dugon) from North-eastern ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Anthropogenic and natural organohalogen compounds in blubber of dolphins and dugongs (Dugong dugon) from North-eastern Australia Arch.
		Highest organohalogen levels were found in blubber of dolphins for sumDDT (575 - 52500 mg/kg) and PCBs (600 - 25500 µg/kg lipids).
		In general, the organohalogen pattern observed in blubber of dolphins was different compared to similar samples from other locations in the world, which is apparent from the fact that the four major abundant signals in the GC/ECD chromatogram of Delphinus delphis originated from the four unknown compounds Q1, BC-1, BC-2, and BC-3.
	www.mindfully.org /Water/Organohalogen-Dolphin-Blubber2001.htm (330 words)

	Dartmouth News - Nature mimics industry - 07/21/04
		Human made chemical compounds called organohalogens get loads of attention as they are best known for their often harmful effect on the environment - substances like the CFCs (the ozone-damaging chemicals), dioxin (found in the herbicide Agent Orange), PCBs (industrial fluids) and several pesticides.
		This natural chemical compound is a close cousin to the industrial herbicide "2,4-D", which was 50% of Agent Orange the Vietnam warfare defoliant.
		He catalogues the references and keeps track of them all. Gribble emphasizes that many of these natural organohalogens have potent anticancer and antibacterial activity, and one organochlorine, vancomycin, is the life-saving drug for treating penicillin-resistant bacterial infections in hospital patients.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~news/releases/2004/07/21.html (831 words)

	Case-Control Study on Concentrations of Organohalogen Compounds and Titers of Antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus Antigens ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Case-Control Study on Concentrations of Organohalogen Compounds and Titers of Antibodies to Epstein-Barr Virus Antigens in the Etiology of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Leukemia and Lymphoma.
		The purpose of this investigation was to determine concentrations of these organohalogen compounds in a larger sample of patients with NHL and population based controls.
		Hardell et al.(15,21) Regarding interaction between organohalogen compounds and titers to EBV antigens the results were based on 67 cases and 78 controls, however for TBDE on 44 cases and 59 controls.
	www.mindfully.org /Pesticide/NHL-Organohalogen.htm (2155 words)

	Pesticides as a cause for Leukemia and Lymphoma
		Antibody variables and organohalogen variables were dichotomized using the median concentration of the controls.
		Regarding interaction between organohalogen compounds and titers to EBV antigens the results were based on 67 cases and 78 controls, however for TBDE on 44 cases and 59 controls.
		Concentrations of organohalogens for cases and controls are shown in Table I. Significantly higher concentrations of the sum of PCBs (36 congeners), immunotoxic PCBs (11 congeners), and TBDE were found among the cases.
	www.safe2use.com /ca-ipm/01-06-25.htm (3957 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		These classes of organohalogens are comprised of hundreds of individual congeners, and are currently in commercial use and/or persist in abiotic and biotic systems.
		The environmental presence in species and ecosystems, dynamics, fate and impact of retained OH-containing and persistent metabolites of these organohalogens are not only useful as a biomarker of biotransformation, but will emphasis that biotransformation gives rise to a secondary, distinct level of contamination in living systems.
		Organohalogen compounds and their phenolic and sulfur-containing metabolites will be studied in various species (e.g.
	cronus.uwindsor.ca /units/glier/researchers.nsf/c571b39ad1991eb98525694b005101c3/446d40f6ff1f46048525695b00660c53!OpenDocument (2227 words)

	Unknown contaminant found in seabird eggs
		If a marine organism is proven to be the source, it would be the first instance of a naturally produced organohalogen accumulating in the eggs of wild birds.
		Generally, scientific thinking is that "all organohalogens that accumulate in wildlife are from industrial sources or other human activities," says Sheryl Tittlemier, principal author of the research article and a Ph.D. candidate at Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada.
		"The novel organohalogen appears to be a marine phenomenon since it was found in Atlantic and Pacific Ocean seabird eggs, but was absent in herring gull eggs from the freshwater environment of the Great Lakes." The contaminant, whose source is not yet identified, contains high levels of chlorine, bromine and nitrogen, Tittlemier says.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/1998-12/ACS-UCFI-081298.php (385 words)

	vetter2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Highest organohalogen levels were found in blubber of dolphins for sumDDT (575-52,500 mug/kg) and PCBs (600-25,500 mug/kg lipids).
		Furthermore, Q1 was a major organohalogen detected in all samples analyzed, ranging from 450 -9,100 mug/kg lipids.
		In general the organohalogen pattern observed in blubber of dolphins was different compared to similar samples from other locations in the world, which is apparent from the fact that the four major abundant signals in the GC/ECD chromatogram.
	www.sirenian.org /abstracts/vetter2001.html (396 words)

	Organohalogen Substances in Muscle, Egg and Blood from Healthy Baltic Salmon (Salmo salar) and Baltic Salmon that ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Organohalogen Substances in Muscle, Egg and Blood from Healthy Baltic Salmon (Salmo salar) and Baltic Salmon that Produced Offspring with the M74 Syndrome
		Muscle, egg and blood samples from female sea-run Baltic salmon from Dalälven were analyzed for neutral and phenol-type organohalogen substances (OHS) to determine their potential associations to the M74 syndrome of wild Baltic salmon.
		No differences in the concentrations of DDT and related compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), or methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) in healthy salmon compared to salmon that produced offspring with M74 were observed.
	www.ambio.kva.se /1999/Nr1_99/feb99_10.html (261 words)

	Theses from Stockholm University: 428 - Human exposure to organohalogen compounds in the Faroe Islands
		Human populations living in the Arctic regions are usually highly dependent on seafood and seabirds as food sources, and diet becomes their major source of exposures to POPs.
		As reported in the 1980?s, residents of the Faroe Islands were shown to have high concentrations of organohalogen substances (OHS) in their breast milk.
		Human exposure to organohalogen compounds in the Faroe Islands.
	www.diva-portal.org /su/theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=428 (787 words)

	Remediation of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins (PCDD) in Sediments
		Organohalogen Compounds 24: 17-21, Dioxin '95, Edmonton, Canada.
		Organohalogen Compounds 24: 1-5, Dioxin '95, Edmonton, Canada.
		Organohalogen Compounds, Volume 24, Dioxin '95 Secretariat, Edmonton, Canada.
	cee.engin.umich.edu /research/adriaens/Dioxins (937 words)

	Dioxins in Soil in Australia - Technical Report No. 5 - Summary of findings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		However, overall, the study found that soils in urban and industrial areas were also relatively low compared to results from overseas.
		Amirova, Z, and Kruglov, E (2002), 'Monitoring of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in soils of Russian cities (from Bryansk to Vladivostok)', Organohalogen Compounds, vol.
		Vikelsoe, J (2002), 'Dioxins in Danish soils', Organohalogen Compounds, vol.
	www.deh.gov.au /settlements/publications/chemicals/dioxins/report-5/findings.html (2637 words)

	Flame Retardants Released by Recycling Old Computers Mindfully.org 1feb01 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Data on exposures to some of the traditional organohalogen substances (OHS) have been included for comparative reasons.
		Human exposure to organohalogen substances (OHS) via intake of contaminated fish has been studied in a group of Latvian and Swedish men with highly interindividual consumption of fatty Baltic Sea fish.
		The OHS levels observed in serum were significantly related to both age and fish consumption for PCB and DDE but not for 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether, representing traditionally studied and newer OHS, respectively.
	www.mindfully.org /Pesticide/Flame-Retardants-Computer-Recycling.htm (908 words)

	Zertifizierung und Akkreditierung/TITLE>
		Organohalogen compounds in historic and present day middle eastern vegetable oils
		Organohalogen Compounds, Vol 48, 115 — 119, 2000
		Organohalogen Compounds, Vol 48, 62 — 63, 2000
	www.ergo-enviro.de /publikation.htm (2766 words)

	Örebro universitet - Naturvetenskap - Chemical analytical characterisation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in ...
		The project has several completed and ongoing subproject covering method development and assessment of levels in biota and human tissues world-wide.
		Organohalogen Compounds, Summary and Supplement, pp 8-10 (2002)
		Optimised Extraction and Fine-Tuned Chemical and Bioanalytical Determination of Organohalogens in Human Samples.
	www.oru.se /templates/oruExtNormal____32688.aspx (870 words)

	Prof. Dr. Dr. Karl-Werner Schramm
		Daegu: Catholic University of Daegu, Korea, Organohalogen Compounds 52, 475-478 (2001)
		Daegu: Catholic University of Daegu, Korea, Organohalogen Compounds 50, 83-86 (2001)
		Daegu: Catholic University of Daegu, Korea, Organohalogen Compounds
	hometown.aol.de /kwsschramm/Kwsschramm.html (5264 words)

	Schepens, Paul
		Erdogrul O. Covaci A. Kurtul N. Schepens P. Levels of organohalogenated persistent pollutants in human milk from Kahramanmaras region, Turkey.- In: Environment international, 30:5(2004), p.
		Covaci A. van de Vijver I. de Coen W. Das K. Bouquegneau J.M. Blust R. Schepens P. Determination of organohalogenated contaminants in liver of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) stranded on the Belgian North Sea coast.- In: Marine pollution bulletin, 44:10(2002), p.
		Pauwels A. Schepens P. Simultaneous separation and determination of organochlorine compounds in human matrices using gel permeation or adsorption chromatographic clean-up and GC/MS quantification.- In: International journal of environmental analytical chemistry, 67(1998), p.
	anet.ua.ac.be /acadbib/ua/628 (3670 words)

	Biochemical Toxicology - Research Output (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Reproductive failure and endocrine disruption by organohalogens in fish-eating birds.
		In: Organohalogen Compounds 42 Endocrine Disruption, Toxicokinetics, Toxicology and Mechanism of Action, 197-200.
		In: Organohalogen Compounds 42 Endocrine Disruption, Toxicokinetics, Toxicology and Mechanism of Action.
	www.iras.uu.nl /research/output_biocem_tox.php (4820 words)

	Research Solutions: Publications for Assoc Prof Jochen Mueller
		Dioxin 2005 and ISPAC 20 - Organohalogen Compounds Nr 67
		Dioxin 2005and ISPAC 20 - Organohalogen Compounds Nr 67
		Organohalogen Compounds - Dioxin 2005 and ISPAC 20
	www.uq.edu.au /solutions/researcher/muellerjf.html?uv_category=pub (399 words)

	yet2.com - TechPak - Catalyst for destruction of organohalogen compounds
		yet2.com - TechPak - Catalyst for destruction of organohalogen compounds
		This application relates to a catalyst and a process using this catalyst to convert or destroy organic compounds including organohalogen compounds.
		A preferred catalyst contains as catalytic components titania, vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide, tin oxide and at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of platinum, palladium and rhodium, characterized in that the vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide and noble metals are uniformly dispersed on the titania.
	www.yet2.com /app/utility/external/indexpatent/18877 (251 words)

	visoliePage
		EC (2002), Preparatory actions in the field of dioxin and PCBs, European POPs Expert Team, Brussels, p.
		Focant en De Pauw (2001), Towards Physico-chemical or Biological Screening for Dioxins?, Organohalogen Compounds 50, 276
		Maes (2003), The influence of dioxin removing techniques on the qulaity of fish oil, Master thesis, Universiteit Gent, p.
	www.iph.fgov.be /phbr/fishoil/bijlage3.htm (336 words)

	Peer Consultation
		Eriksson P, Jakobsson E and Fredriksson A. Developmental neurotoxicity of brominated flame-retardants, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and tetrabromo-bis-phenol A. Organohalogen Compounds 35, pp.
		Hagmar L, Jakobsson K, Thuresson K, Rylander L, Sjodin A and Bergman A. Computer technicians are occupationally exposed to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and tetrabromobisphenol A. Organohalogen Compounds, 47, 202-205.
		Hardy M, Schroeder R, Biesemeier J and Manor O. Prenatal oral (gavage) developmental toxicity study of decabromodiphenyl oxide in rats.
	www.tera.org /peer/VCCEP/DECA/DECAKeyRefs.htm (2537 words)

	Do Organohalogen Contaminants Contribute to Histopathology in Liver from East Greenland Polar Bears (Ursus maritimus)? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		In East Greenland polar bears (Ursus maritimus), anthropogenic organohalogen compounds (OHCs) (e.g., polychlorinated biphenyls, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers) contributed to renal lesions and are believed to reduce bone mineral density.
		Specifically in the liver, acute organohalogen compound (OHC) toxicity is mediated through subcellular toxicity, leading to impaired ATP, protein synthesis, and other changes (Kelly 1993; Parkinson 1996), and chronic exposure also may affect endocrine homeostasis via up-regulation of cytochrome P450 isozymes (e.g., CYP1A and CYP1B) (Boon et al.
		In marine wildlife, chronic exposure to organohalogen compounds [OHCs; e.g., PCBs, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)] has been associated with toxic effects on several organ systems (Bergman 1999; Bergman and Olsson 1985; Bergman et al.
	www.ehponline.org /members/2005/8038/8038.html (5004 words)

	Chlorine.html
		"Organohalogens Occur Naturally In Bird Eggs," Chemical and Engineering News Science and Technology Concentrates, November 22, 1999, 55.
		"Organohalogens"; Gribble, G.W., In Macmillan Encyclopedia of Chemistry; Lagowski, J.J., Ed.; Volume 3; Macmillan Reference USA, Simon and Schuster Macmillan: New York, 1997, 1095.
		"A Survey of Natural Organohalogen Compounds"; Gribble, G.W. in "Mechanisms of Biohalogenation and Dehalogenation," North-Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1997, 1.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~gwgchem/Chlorine.html (421 words)

	yet2.com - TechPak - Catalytic destruction of organohalogen compounds
		yet2.com - TechPak - Catalytic destruction of organohalogen compounds
		Enter a keyword or phrase below, and search now to find other technologies of interest.
		The process of this invention comprises contacting the gas stream, which contains organohalogen compounds and other organic compounds, at a temperature of about 200.degree.
	www.yet2.com /app/utility/external/indexpatent/18873 (250 words)

	Deborah Swackhamer
		Skoglund, R.S., Swackhamer, D.L.Evidence for the use of organic carbon as the sorbing matrix in the moeeling of PCB accumulation in phytoplankton.
		Swackhamer, D.L., Pearson, R.F., Schottler, S. A mass balance of toxaphene in the Great Lakes of North America, Organohalogen Compounds, 28: 395-398, 1996.
		The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer.
	www1.umn.edu /eoh/files/facultypages/swackhamer.html (315 words)

	Ocean Life Institute - Funded Project Summaries (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Occurrence and biological activity of natural and anthropogenic organohalogen compounds in the Gulf of Maine
		Proposals are reviewed by an ad-hoc panel and awards made for 2-year periods.
		Rapidly preserved samples will significantly advance our ability to understand the microbial ecology of remote environments and in particular the active functional microbial groups by making possible the analyses of mRNA as an indicator of gene expression.
	www.whoi.edu /institutes/oli/research/funded_2003.htm (1957 words)

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