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Topic: Origins of the Family, Private Property, and the State

	Extracts from The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State, by Frederick Engels
		The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State, by Frederick Engels
		The original meaning of the word "family" (familia) is not that compound of sentimentality and domestic strife which forms the ideal of the present-day philistine; among the Romans it did not at first even refer to the married pair and their children, but only to the slaves.
		The modern individual family is founded on the open or concealed domestic slavery of the wife, and modern society is a mass composed of these individual families as its molecules.
	www.mdx.ac.uk /www/study/xeng1884.htm (15215 words)

	Origins of the Family-- Chapter V (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		According to the size of their property in land, the rights and duties of the citizens of the state are now assessed, and in the same degree to which the classes based on property gain influence, the old groups of blood relationship lose it; the gentile constitution had suffered a new defeat.
		Movable property, wealth in the form of money, of slaves and ships, continually increased, but it was no longer a mere means to the acquisition of landed property, as in the old slow days: it had become an end in itself.
		The state could not exist without police, but the state was still young and could not yet inspire enough moral respect to make honorable an occupation which, to the older members of the gens, necessarily appeared infamous.
	www.marxists.org /archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/ch05.htm (3562 words)

	Origins of the Family. Chapter 2 (IV) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		It develops out of the pairing family, as previously shown, in the transitional period between the upper and middle stages of barbarism; its decisive victory is one of the signs that civilization is beginning.
		With the rise of the inequality of property – already at the upper stage of barbarism, therefore – wage-labor appears sporadically side by side with slave labor, and at the same time, as its necessary correlate, the professional prostitution of free women side by side with the forced surrender of the slave.
		As the monogamian family has improved greatly since the commencement of civilization, and very sensibly in modern times, it is at least supposable that it is capable of still further improvement until the equality of the sexes is attained.
	www.marxists.org /archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/ch02d.htm (7151 words)

	FAMILY
		Furthermore, he states that the basic functions of the family, such as economic, protective, religious, recreational, educational, and status; are affected by the changes in society.
		Sen interprets the family basically as an institution that has as main function the conciliation of conflicts that are generated by the coexistence of various interests.
		Moreover, the family is the institution that accomplishes the important function of the conciliation of conflicts that are generated by the coexistence of various interests in a group.
	www.sinc.sunysb.edu /Stu/mosorio/family.htm (4318 words)

	The State, Revolution and Marxism
		It describes the origins of the proletariat, what the proletariat is, how the proletarians differ from pre-capitalist classes, how the revolution must be internationalist, etc. This work was written shortly before the Communist Manifesto, and it is a great work for beginners to read, digest, and understand.
		In it, key components of the Marxist theory of the state are discussed, including the origin of the state, the transistion from socialism to communism, proletarian democracy compared to Bourgeois democracy, and the real function of a state.
		Origins of the Family, Private Property, and the State - Frederick Engels
	www.socialistappeal.org /edplan/staterevmarx.php (588 words)

	Origins of the Family-- Chapter 3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Closer investigation shows that these phratries generally represent the original gentes into which the tribe first split up; for since marriage was prohibited within the gens, there had to be at least two gentes in any tribe to enable it to exist independently.
		Originally no Seneca was allowed to marry within his phratry, but this restriction has long since become obsolete and is now confined to the gens.
		They find their exact counterpart in the private war expeditions of the German retinues described by Tacitus, only with the difference that among the Germans the retinues have already acquired a more permanent character, forming a firm core already organized in peacetime to which the other volunteers are attached in event of war.
	www.marxists.org /archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/ch03.htm (4616 words)

	On the family, past and future
		In The Origins of the Family, Private Property and the State, Frederick Engels further developed the Marxist dialectical and historical materialist analysis of the family and marriage.
		And women are literally exchanged as property, traded by their fathers through the institution of marriage or even outright as indentured servants—in exchange for more wealth for the family or to pay a debt.
		Under capitalism the family is a basic economic and social unit that plays a key role in maintaining social control and cohesion in society.
	www.revcom.us /a/054/family-en.html (3101 words)

	Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State
		This alone is sufficient proof that animal families and primitive human society are incompatible, and that when primitive men were working their way up out of the animal state, they either had no family at all or at most a form that does not occur among animals.
		"family" (familia) is not that compound of sentimentality and domestic strife which forms the ideal of the present-day philistine; among the Romans it did not at first even refer to the married pair and their children, but only to the slaves.
		The Roman family is now also considered to have originated from this type, and consequently the absolute power of the father of the house and the absence of rights among the other members of the family in relation to him have recently been strongly questioned.
	www.marx2mao.com /M&E/OFPS84.html (17761 words)

	Part 11: The Mature Marx - Past and Future Communism \| International Communist Current
		The family, private property, and the state are not eternaltc "The family, private property, and the state are not eternal"
		“Origins of the Family, Private Property and the State”: Engels’ title reflects the main sub-divisions of Marx’s notes on Morgan, in which Marx seeks to establish how, on the one hand, these “sacred” pillars of bourgeois order had once not existed, and how, on the other, they had evolved from within the archaic communities.
		Even as a description of the origins of “western” civilisation this is simplistic, since the slave societies of antiquity were influenced at a number of levels by the Asiatic forms which pre-existed them and co-existed with them.
	en.internationalism.org /ir/081_commy_11.html (6980 words)

	Radical Concepts
		is a critique of the state which denies the legitimacy of state authority.
		The state is an essentially violent institution whose existence prevents liberty.
		He rejected the Marxist transitional-state as another form of tyranny, and disagreed that it would naturally go away, arguing that it was an unalterable social law that the state would try to reproduce itself, and that the state by its very nature must have an opressive power over people.
	www.jagaimo.com /progress/def.html (1020 words)

	From the rice fields to the modern days call centers
		Proletarian women, with their class demands, together with their demands as women, are a constant threat to bourgeois property, which is challenged not only by the programme of the labour movement (which may be more or less advanced) but particularly by the methods of struggle (strikes, occupations, etc.) and the mass character of these struggles.
		Firstly, from what we have said so far, it is clear that liberating the woman, or at least creating a basis for her liberation, means first of all liberating the economic resources to enable the socialization of housework and child-minding, chores which tie women to their responsibilities and to their role as women in society.
		As we have already stated, we are interested in pointing out both the validity and the limitations of the middle class movements internationally, among the most important of which was the British suffragettes movement, but for reasons of space we will be concentrating on the Italian experience.
	www.marxist.com /Theory/marx_vs_fem1.html (7116 words)

	Essay #1
		More specifically, describe how and why family forms had changed as society developed from savagery, to barbarism, and to civilization and the form that family, according to Engels, will take in the future.
		Your account of each stage of the family's historical development should include description of these four elements: means of production; types of property ownership; family forms; and position of women in each epoch and in the future.
		For example, Engels argues that in a monogamous family women are subjugated: "The modern individual family is founded on the opened or concealed domestic slavery of the wife <...
	core.ecu.edu /soci/juskaa/SOCI4337/essay1.htm (384 words)

	Social and Sexual Revolution: from Marx to Reich and Back < DIALECTICAL MARXISM: The Writings of Bertell Ollman
		He labeled these defensive behavior patterns "character structure." The origins of character structure lay in the ways an individual protected himself or herself from the repressive force and techniques used in early socialization, particularly in the area of sexuality.
		In this way, that is, through the operation of typical capitalist trends, the family whose ideological function is necessary to capitalism is rendered increasingly dysfunctional.
		A recent poll of eighteen-year-old college students in the United States, for example, show that 44 percent of the women and 23 percent of the men are still virgins, and one expects that a far greater percentage have known only one or a few encounters.
	www.nyu.edu /projects/ollman/docs/ssr_ch06_content.php (4954 words)

	SUFFERING PATRIARCHY
		Among nations of hunters, the lowest and rudest state of society, such as we find it [is] among the native tribes of North America, everyman is a warrior as well as hunter...
		Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes.
		Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels.
	www.angelfire.com /home/sufferingpatriarchy/chapters/Chapter01.html (9545 words)

	Marxist Theory of Homosexuality: Past, Present and Future
		The answer clearly lies in a division of labour between the sexes… ‘According to the division of labour within the family at that time, it was man’s part to obtain food and the instruments of labour necessary for that purpose’ (p.
		And those cells of consciousness where family views and traditions reside, and the attitude of one man to another, to woman, to child, and so on — these cells often remain in the old form.
		As Marshall indicates, questions concerning the fundamental importance of ownership and control, of class, and of transformation of modes of property relations need to be brought into the center of the struggle for gay and lesbian liberation.
	www.etext.org /Politics/AlternativeOrange/2/v2n2_mth1.html (2957 words)

	Engels on stages (by L. Proyect)
		These are all the sentences in the final chapter of Engels' "The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State" that contain a reference to stages.
		Where Engels differs from Morgan in "Origins of the Family, Private Property and the State" is on the question of what comes after capitalism, namely socialism.
		That Morgan and Engels share the presuppositions of 17th and 18th century historians and philosophers on the question of progress is indisputable.
	www.columbia.edu /~lnp3/mydocs/indian/engels_stages.htm (1788 words)

	engels
		The social organization under which the people of a particular historical epoch and a particular country live is determined by both kinds of production: by the stage of development of labor on the one hand and of the family on the other.
		The lower the development of labor and the more limited the amount of its products, and consequently, the more limited also the wealth of the society, the more the social order is found to be dominated by kinship groups.
		It is true that in addition to the monogamous form of the family, two other forms were known to exist-polygamy in the Orient and polyandry in India and Tibet; but these three forms could not be arranged in any historical order and merely appeared side by side without any connection.
	socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca /~anthro/course.und/3L/xengels.htm (978 words)

	The Revolutionary Birth of Man
		He describes a heated argument with Luis Alvarez, the originator of the original theory that the dinosaurs were wiped out by an asteroid crashing into the earth, who was sceptical about Muller’s ideas.
		In an extremely superficial attempt to discredit the materialist view of the origin of the human species, it is often stated that humans are not the only animals to "use tools." This argument is completely hollow.
		The mistake, however, is to confuse the division of labour in early society, where neither private property nor the family as we know it today existed, with inequality and the oppression of women in modern class society.
	www.marxist.com /science/revolutionarybirthofman.html (11054 words)

	Frederick Engel's The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State (1884) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Frederick Engel's The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State (1884)
		The families did not include the wives' brothers nor the husbands' sisters so that there would be no sexual contact among the siblings
		family was still permitted to share wives and husbands
	www.wooster.edu /Sociology/fitz_gibbon/engels.html (249 words)

	Political Numbers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		male." [Frederick Engels, The Origins of the Family, Private Property and
		phallocentric, patriarchal state the rape of women by men is a ritual that
		Making the challenge more difficult, she said, is that a growing number of women are finding well-paying jobs in the corporate world.
	www.fathers.ca /political.htm (792 words)

	Mandabi « Louis Proyect: The Unrepentant Marxist
		All he has to do is cash it and dispense the funds to various family members, with a sizable chunk going to him.
		One is reminded of Engels’s observation in “Origins of the Family, Private Property and the State”:
		He also has to fend off, usually unsuccessfully, attempts by family members and friends to get a piece of his nephew’s fortune.
	louisproyect.wordpress.com /2006/08/11/mandabi (1074 words)

	NE Socialist Conference-Conference Schedule
		Capitalism, Slavery and the Origins of Racism—Many people believe that racism has always existed and, therefore, that it is impossible to systematically combat.
		Engel’s and the Origins of the Family, Private Property and the State—Engels’ famous book shows how the rise of class society led to the formation of the state, the invention of the family, and the development of women’s oppression.
		Lenin's State and Revolution—Lenin argued that there is no way of carrying through a socialist transformation without first destroying the old state and building a new democratic workers’ state.
	nesocialistconference.net /pages/conference_schedule.htm (2769 words)

	Truths about Courtship, Sex, and Marriage Spring 2001
		In contrast, various anthropological, historical, and sociological theories stress the importance of the changing environment as well as the material and symbolic aspects that shape one's behavior.
		The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State, Chapters One, Two, and Nine, pp.
		Forbidden History: The State, Society, and the Regulation of Sexuality in Modern Europe, pp.
	www.richmond.edu /~ecraft/2000-01/CourtshipS01.html (1246 words)

	The Influence of the Frankfurt School
		Nietzsche and the Frankfurt School really wished for the total eradication of Christian teachings, firstly from all of academic life, and ultimately from all of family life.
		Of course, some of them probably would not have admitted this, but they were without doubt driven forward by an aim to totally change society, and metaphysics would have no place in this since their version of 'utopia' was of a wholly rationalistic and materialistic world.
		This idea is in turn directly connected to Frederich Engels' 'The Origins of the Family, Private Property and the State,' which promotes matriarchy.
	www.ukapologetics.net /frankfurt.html (1502 words)

	Women 200 :: Fall 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		If familial authority is shared, royal power also must be shared and limited
		Women's subordination began with introduction of private property (nothing to do with biology)
		property and family law designed to keep women under control
	faculty.washington.edu /ktupper/w200A02/ow4.htm (302 words)

	Workers World Nov. 26, 1998: The Communist Manifesto
		The abolition of existing property relations is not at all a distinctive feature of communism.
		"All property relations in the past have continually been subject to historical change consequent upon the change in historical conditions.
		But modern bourgeois private property is the final and most complete expression of the system of producing and appropriating products that is based on class antagonisms, on the exploitation of the many by the few.
	www.workers.org /ww/1998/cm1126.php (851 words)

	Origins of the Family (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Greek Gens [The Rise of Private Property]
		It would, of course, become The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State – the first edition of which was published October 1884 in Hottingen-Zurich.
		Engels looks into the origin and essence of the state, and concludes it is bound to wither away leaving a classless society.
	www.marxists.org /archive/marx/works/1884/origin-family/index.htm (409 words)

	Deceptions of a 'Gender Equal Society'
		Their hard work and lack of ritualized formalities surrounding them contrasted sharply with the ideals of courtesy for women in the French and British bourgeois family and were taken as evidence of low social status.
		Thus the "power" of women to which Le Jeune refers was not actual authority in the family, but rather the "power" to excuse a man from previous commitments.
		Note also that Le Jeune did not "exhort the men to assert themselves," as Leacock claims; rather, he urged this one man to be assertive, by way of countering his proffered excuse.
	www.debunker.com /texts/leacock.html (1563 words)

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