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Topic: Origins of the blues

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	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Blues
		The use of blue notes and the prominence of call-and-response patterns in the music and lyrics are indicative of the blues' West African pedigree.
		Jefferson was one of the few country blues performers to record widely, and may have been the first to record the slide guitar style, in which a guitar is fretted with a knife blade or the sawed-off neck of a bottle.
		Blues is sometimes danced as a type of swing dance, with no fixed patterns and a focus on connection, sensuality, body contact, and improvisation.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Blues (6492 words)

	Blues
		The earliest geographic origins of the blues are uncertain, given the multiple versions appearing across the African American South near the turn of the century.
		In Chicago, the emergence of blues culture in the 1920s coincided with increased musical performance and recording nationwide and paralleled the dramatic growth of fl urban enclaves during the Great Migration.
		Blues nightclubs continued to shape fl neighborhoods on the South and West Sides; Roosevelt Road, Madison Street, and 43rd Street became blues thoroughfares.
	www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org /pages/151.html (1103 words)

	Origins of the blues - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The most important direct antecedent of the blues was the spiritual, a form of religious song with its roots in the camp meetings of the Great Awakening of the early 19th century.
		Robert Johnson, a Delta blues singer, is generally held responsible for the standardization of the 12-bar blues.
		Melodically, blues music is marked by the use of the lowered third and dominant seventh (so-called blue notes) of the associated major scale.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Origins_of_the_blues (1114 words)

	Blues-The Backbone of Jazz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The blues has often been called "the most important ingredient in American music." It has been used by many composers including George Gershwin, and elements of the blues are used in nearly everything that jazz musicians play or sing.
		Blues is primarily a vocal form of music with instrumental accompaniment (unlike ragtime, which is purely instrumental).
		The blue note on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th, also was not always completely flatted, but often performed somewhere in the middle between the "regular" note of the major scale and the "flatted" note.
	www.wpsweb.com /performingarts/BrownBagJazz/blues.htm (1049 words)

	Blues As Zen - Blues Music
		Actually the Blues is simple in its essence, however, as with Zen, a deep understanding of the Blues requires the student/disciple to travel along a path of gradual enlightenment.
		The origins of the Blues are quite diverse: not necessarily just musical, they are to a great extent a social/cultural expression of the enslaved and oppressed Black populations of America.
		These ancient religious forms in the Blues may be the reason that "righteous" Blacks who were loyal to the church called the Blues "the Devil’s Music"and either frowned on it or banned it outright in their homes and the community.
	www.bluesforpeace.com /zen.htm (931 words)

	The Blues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Although not all songs with "Blues" in the title follow this form, a "standard" blues form evolved in the early 20th century.
		The blues was only one of many possible song forms for a time, but by the 1920s singers emerged whose sole repertory was the blues.
		Some blues are tender but few reveal a response to nature; far more express a desire to move or escape by train or road to an imagined better land.
	www.uky.edu /~ldnels00/mus300/blues.html (750 words)

	[No title]
		Early blues were a curious amalgam of African cross- rhythms and vocal techniques, Anglo-American melodies and thematic material from fables and folktales, and tales of personal experience on plantations and prison farms.
		The emergence of the blues coincided with the worsening of the social and economic conditions for fls in the South.
		The homeland of the Delta blues stretched from Vicksburg, Mississippi in the south to Memphis, Tennessee in the north and from central Mississippi in the east to the Ozark plateau of Arkansas in the west.
	bluesnet.hub.org /readings/rural.html (4124 words)

	Blues Resources - Flint Public Library (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Music critic Francis Davis follows the Blues from its origins in the Delta in the early 1900s to its recent return to mainstream popularity, concentrating both on individual artists and on the way changes in racial attitudes have changed blues music overall.
		Interviews with legendary Blues musicians and recordings of their performances are used in this video to illustrate the history of the Blues.
		The goals of The Blues Foundation are to preserve blues history, to celebrate blues excellence and to support blues education.
	www.flint.lib.mi.us /fpl/blues/index.shtml (935 words)

	Blues Online©
		Blues Online© is an information resource whose mission is to increase awareness and appreciation of blues music and its history.
		Blues music has profoundly influenced contemporary music from jazz to pop to reggae to country.
		Aside from the profound artistic influence the Blues has had, the story of its development has much to say historically and sociologically about American society in the twentieth century.
	physics.lunet.edu /blues (388 words)

	Honky Tonks, Hymns, & the Blues
		Though musicologists can define “the blues” narrowly in terms of chord structures and lyric strategies originating in West Africa, audiences originally heard the music in a far more general way: it was simply the music of the rural south, notably the Mississippi Delta.
		Black and white musicians shared the same repertoire and thought of themselves as “songsters” rather than “blues musicians.” The notion of blues as a separate genre arose during the fl migration from the countryside to urban areas in the l920’s and the simultaneous development of the recording industry.
		He claimed to have “discovered” the blues while waiting at a train station in Mississippi: the singer was poor and rural, and the lyrics (which Handy found unintelligible at first) referred to train routes.
	www.honkytonks.org /showpages/countryblues.htm (1040 words)

	A Short History of the Blues
		Bad luck and trouble are always present in the Blues, and always the result of others, pressing upon unfortunate and down trodden poor souls, yearning to be free from life's' troubles.
		While the originators like John Lee Hooker, Albert Collins and B.B. King--and their heirs Buddy Guy, Otis Rush, and later Eric Clapton and the late Roy Buchanan, among many others, continued to make fantastic music in the blues tradition.
		The latest generation of blues players like Robert Cray and the late Stevie Ray Vaughan, among others, as well as gracing the blues tradition with their incredible technicality, have drawn a new generation listeners to the blues.
	www.history-of-rock.com /blues.htm (665 words)

	BLUES : Encyclopedia Entry
		An early reference to "the blues" can be found in George Colman's farce Blue devils, a farce in one act (1798).
		Often termed "soul blues" or "Southern Soul," the music at the heart of this movement was given new life by the unexpected success of two particular recordings on the Jackson-based Malaco label: Z.
		Like jazz, rock and roll, heavy metal and hip hop music, blues has been accused of being the "devil's music" and of inciting violence and other poor behavior.
	www.bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/Blues (6531 words)

	Encyclopedia of the Blues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		In the twentieth century the blues became a major influence on developing musical styles including rock-and-roll, country, jazz, and rhythm-and-blues among others.
		The Encyclopedia of the Blues is the first comprehensive two-volume set devoted to the blues from its antecedents in African and American traditional music to the contemporary styles performed today for audiences of all races and classes.
		In over 2,100 entries all aspects of the blues are explored from performers and musical styles to record labels and cultural issues, including regional evolution and history.
	www.routledge-ny.com /ref/blues (342 words)

	Midnight Blues - Online Blues Radio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The origins of blues is not unlike the origins of life.
		The Blues were born in the North Mississippi Delta following the Civil War.
		The blues have strongly influenced almost all popular music including jazz, country, and rock and roll and continues to help shape music worldwide.
	www.midnightblues.com /history.aspx (149 words)

	Dave "Honeyboy" Edwards Blues Profile
		Octogenarian Honeyboy Edwards is one of the few remaining delta bluesmen who traveled the country during the 30’s and 40’s and provides us with a direct link to the origins of Delta blues.
		Dave "Honeyboy" Edwards is a national blues treasure and seeing him play his pure Delta blues is like watching living history unfold before your eyes as its being told by one of the originators of the music.
		Blues On Stage is a ® Trademark of Ray Stiles.
	www.mnblues.com /profile/honeyboy-pf99.html (397 words)

	DC Blues Society - Celebrating the Blues
		Blues On Board features Mike Westcott's unique guitar style which is filled with both feeling and high energy and it is complimented by his heart-felt singing.
		Blues and boogie pianist, saxophonist, and vocalist combining 30's style boogie piano blues with contemporary blues from New Orleans, Chicago, and originals
		A mixture of traditional and contemporary blues and funk Heavily influenced by Albert Collins.
	www.dcblues.org /index.php?pageRequest=Bands (1589 words)

	"THE LAND WHERE THE BLUES BEGAN" - THE ORIGINS OF THE BLUES
		Crisscrossing the towns and hamlets where the blues began, Lomax gave voice to such greats as Lead Belly, Mississippi Fred McDowell, and Muddy Waters.
		This presentation gave an overview of the work of Alan Lomax, with a focus on the African-American field recordings that he made, particularly the blues music and stories of pre-civil rights America.
		Using audio, video and photos to illustrate, this musical journey leads from the earliest recordings done with his father, John A. Lomax, in the 1930's, to the fieldtrips to the south in the 1970's which were filmed for the PBS series American Patchwork.
	www.usembassy.at /en/embassy/photo/blues.htm (299 words)

	Cincy Blues Society \| Keeping the Blues Alive! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		If you know of any Under 21 musicians who love the Blues and need a place to test their mettle, send them to Jim Dandy’s Family BBQ and stop in yourself to support these young folk as they stand alongside others of their generation and search for that mysterious Lost Chord...
		We assist young musicians in learning more about blues music through the Blues in the Schools program, we produce the Cincy Blues Fest each summer, and we publish a newsletter that provides information, articles, and news about local and regional blues, including a calendar and list of venues, jams, and bands.
		But tonight, on behalf of the over 30 Coordinators of the 2006 Cincy Blues Fest, we'd like to just say thanks to all who volunteered at, or attended the fest the last two days.
	cincyblues.org (762 words)

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