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Topic: Oromo

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Oromo language

Cushitic languages

Oromia

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	Oromia Brief
		The fundamental political objective of the Oromo people is to exercise their inalienable right to national self determination to liberate themselves from a century of oppression and exploitation, and to form, where possible, a political union with other nations on the basis of equality, respect for mutual interests and the principle of voluntary associations.
		The main purpose of this summary is to introduce readers briefly to the Oromo people, their land, and culture.For detailed treatment of the experiences of Oromo under Ethiopian colonial rule as well as their struggle for freedom, democracy and economic and social justice, please refer to the book from which this summary is extracted.
		Oromo have a very rich culture, fostered by the size of the population and large land areas with diverse climatic conditions.
	www.oromoamerican.org /oromia_brief.htm (9445 words)

	Oromo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Borena Oromo, who are the southernmost subgroup of the Oromo, and live in the southern parts of the Oromia Region and in Kenya.
		Oromo society was traditionally structured in accordance with gadaa, a social stratification system partially based on an eight-year cycle of age sets, but over the centuries the age sets grew out-of-alignment with the actual ages of their members, and some time in the 1800s another age set system was instituted.
		However, these Oromo groups do not act in unity: the ONC, for example, was part of the United Ethiopian Democratic Forces coalition that challenged the EPRDF in the Ethiopian general elections of 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oromo (1634 words)

	Oromo language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Oromo has no indefinite articles (corresponding to English a, some), but (except in the southern dialects) it indicates definiteness (English the) with suffixes on the noun: -(t)icha for masculine nouns (the ch is geminated though this is not normally indicated in writing) and -(t)ittii for feminine nouns.
		In Oromo, the same distinctions are also reflected in subject-verb agreement: Oromo verbs (with a few exceptions) agree with their subjects; that is, the person, number, and (singular third person) gender of the subject of the verb are marked by suffixes on the verb.
		An Oromo verb consists minimally of a stem, representing the lexical meaning of the verb, and a suffix, representing tense or aspect and subject agreement.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oromo_language (4262 words)

	Oromo Nationalism and Ethiopian Discourse: The Search for Freedom and Democracy, Asafa Jalata (editor), 1998.
		In Chapter 1 and 2 Asefa Jalata, a sociologist and prolific author on Oromo nation and its relation to Ethiopian empire state, articulates that since the times of the conquest of the Oromo and other peoples of the south in the last quarter of the nineteenth century, resistance of different degrees had been in operation.
		Yet the contributors argue that the emergence of Oromo nationalism is a recent phenomenon of the sixties associated with the emergence of intellectuals, revolutionaries, and professional groups with roots in Oromo traditions and culture.
		The Oromo nationalists and scholars are only reclaiming their denied space, overtaking the history writing machine so that Others would not write about them in foreign and hostile terms.
	www.sidamaconcern.com /articles/oromo_nationalism.html (4078 words)

	EthnoMed: Oromo Cultural Profile
		Oromo women in Seattle have several concerns with childbirth: they are uncomfortable with male doctors and medical students, as well as with the standard American high-tech approach to anesthesia, fetal monitoring, and augmenting delivery.
		Oromo Christians are less restricted in their abilities to worship as they see fit because the dominant religion in America is Christianity.
		Oromo refugees from urban centers in Ethiopia have some experience with Western-style medicine, but rural people may have trouble understanding our concepts of disease causation and our practice of withholding symptomatic treatment until a diagnostic workup is done.
	ethnomed.org /ethnomed/cultures/oromo/oromo_cp.html (4294 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Assessment for Oromo in Ethiopia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Further complicating a viable projection of Oromo participation in Ethiopian politics are the disparate claims that various Oromian groups hold, ranging from full political independence to greater regional autonomy to greater participation at the central state level.
		The Oromo, the largest single ethnic group in Ethiopia consisting of about one third of the country's total population, are found mainly in southern Ethiopia.
		Although the Oromo remain a plurality of the Ethiopian population, they have historically been marginalized politically in Ethiopia (POLDIS00-03 = 1), whether it be under the emperorship of Selassie, the Marxist-Leninist regime of Mengistu, or the Tigrean-dominated EPRDF government of Meles Zenawi.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/assessment.asp?groupId=53004 (637 words)

	Oromo in Ancient Egypt (Site not responding. Last check: )
		According to some ethnologists and historians, the Oromo country of origin was the south-eastern part of Oromia, in the fertile valley of Madda Walaabu in the present Baale region.
		The fact that the Somali and Oromo languages share between 30 percent and 40 percent of their vocabulary could be an indication that these two groups of people became differentiated very recently.
		The Oromo are said to be of two major groups or moieties descended from the two 'houses' (wives) of the person Oromo represented by Borana and Barentu (Barenttuma).
	www.homestead.com /wysinger/galla.html (3119 words)

	Oromo
		Oromo, also called Afaan Oromo and Oromiffa, is a Cushitic language spoken in most parts of Ethiopia and northern parts of Kenya.
		Oromos live in many regions as a result of expansion from their homeland in the highlands of Ethiopia beginning in the 16th century.
		Oromo was banned from use in education, the media, and public life first during the reign of Haile Selassie, and subsequently during the communist regime that followed his overthrow.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/july/oromo.html (670 words)

	Oromia Online - Oromia and the Oromo people
		This period coincides with the occupation of Oromo land by the Abyssinian emperors Yohannes and Menilek.
		Alaqa Taye (1955), alleged that in the fourteenth and sixteenth centuries the Oromo migrated from Asia and Madagascar, entered Africa via Mombasa and spread north and eastwards.
		Among the Oromo lakes are Abbaya, Hora, Bishofitu, Qoqaa, Langanno and Shaalaa.
	www.oromo.com /OromiaBriefs/Oromo&Oromia.htm (9155 words)

	Amazon.ca: The Oromo of Ethiopia: A History, 1570-1860: Books: Mohammed Hassen (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The independent existence of the Oromo was brought to an end abruptly and rudely by the creation of the modern Ethiopian empire during and after the 1880s.
		The conquest and annexation of their territory not only deprived the Oromo of their sovereignty but also of their history, because the creation of the empire consolidated myths and untruths long held and circulated in the Christian kingdom about the Oromo, who were generally portrayed as people without a history.
		The Oromo, who constitute nearly half the population of Ethiopia, are the largest single national group in the Horn of Africa.
	www.amazon.ca /Oromo-Ethiopia-History-1570-1860/dp/0932415954 (1571 words)

	Stocktaking and Cultivating Objectivity in Oromo Political Movement
		Oromo movement is a broadly based and more democratic movement that is laying down long-lasting social pillars for the future of the Oromo nation.
		While Matcha and Tulama was created by older generation Oromos that had some level of experience in Haile Sellassie regime’s bureaucracy and a strong attachment to the rich Oromo wisdom, the OLF may have been materialized by the activities of the younger radical students.
		Yet, it was overtaken by Oromo scholars that the missionary school produced and has been rendered a quasi-political forum to the distaste of the very founders of the association, some of whom have distanced themselves from the association.
	www.voicefinfinne.org /English/Column/Objectivity.htm (1943 words)

	Oromo.htm
		Oromo (Afaan Oromo) is one of a small group of similar languages spoken for centuries by the Oromo people.
		The Oromo, the largest ethnic group, comprise 50%-60% or about 25 million of the population of the Ethiopian Empire State.
		Afaan Oromo, a highly developed spoken language, is at the top of the list of the distinct and separate 1000 or so languages used in Africa, the most polyglot of the continents.
	www.flw.com /languages/oromo.htm (157 words)

	The Role of Women in the Oromo National Liberation Movement
		For the Oromo women, it is their national duty as well as their right to take part in the national liberation movement and in the socio-cultural, political, and economic developments of future democratic Oromia.
		In the Oromo culture even though the breadwinner of the family is the father, the mother plays a much more important role in the lives of the children.
		To encourage the participation of the Oromo women both in the current and in the future socio-political, economic, and cultural development of Oromia, recognition and acceptance of their equal rights, in all fields are vital.
	sidamaconcern.com /articles/role_of_women_in_national_liberation.html (2087 words)

	::Oromo Chronology @ Gadaa.com - Before 1853::
		A number of Abyssinian kings tried to militarily defeat Oromo but failed because of the strength of the Oromo cavalry and the unity of the Oromo communities.
		When the news of the fertile Oromo land, good treatment and a better life for Gondarians in the occupied Oromo country reached the North, many more migrated to Shawa to join the army and settle there.
		However, despite these efforts, the Shawan rulers were unable to break the backbone of the mighty Oromo cavalry and gain control of the fertile Oromo land around Shawa.
	gadaa.com /regimes.html (423 words)

	Afaan Oromo
		Afaan Oromo, a highly developed spoken language, is at the top of the list [2] of the distinct and separate 1000 or so languages used in Africa, the most polyglot of the continents.
		Of the Kushitic languages spoken in the Ethiopian Empire State, Afaan Oromo, Somali, Sidama, Hadiya, and Afar-Saho are the languages with the greatest number of speakers.
		Afaan Oromo had remained essentially a well-developed oral tradition until the early 1970's when the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) began to use it as an official language in the liberated areas.
	www.africa.upenn.edu /Hornet/Afaan_Oromo_19777.html (1916 words)

	Oromia Online - Globalization: Does it hinder or support the Oromo struggle
		When the Oromo in Arsi were fighting against Menelik’s invading army, no help came in their support from the rest of the Oromo groups.
		The second problem area which can in one way or another affect the unity of the forces of Oromo national movements is the proliferation of miniscule and ineffective political groups which are led by disgruntled Oromo elements who deliberately misuse region and religion to promote their political egos or other personal interests.
		The question of the Oromo people for which thousands of Oromos have sacrificed their lives and thousands more are languishing in the Ethiopian prisons, is not about reform within the Ethiopian Empire.
	www.oromia.org /tkbo/tkbo-unity-1.htm (4253 words)

	Afaan Oromo language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Afaan Oromo is a Cushitic language spoken by about 32 million people in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia and Egypt and is the 3rd largest language in Africa.
		The Oromo people are the largest ethnic group in Ethiopia and account for more than 40% of the population.
		Until the 1970s, Afaan Oromo was written with either the Ge'ez script or the Latin alphabet Then during the early 1970s, the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) chose the Latin alphabet as the official alphabet to write Afaan Oromo.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/oromo.htm (267 words)

	Oromia Online
		The purpose of the workshop is, thus, to illuminate the History of the Oromo Nation and more importantly [to] bring together scholars and researchers in Oromo Culture and History to share their knowledge and expertise with the audience to enhance the knowledge of the Oromos [and others] about their cultural heritage and history.
		In the history of this country, Oromos and their children never had a propensity to damage public property let alone publicly declaring that they do such act as the Government media has tried to portray us.
		Liberating the Oromo People For Stability, Peace, and Development In the Horn of Africa - A lasting peace, stability and development cannot be achieved in the Horn of Africa until and unless the tyranny of current Ethiopian regime is brought to an end.
	www.oromo.com (888 words)

	Oromo (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Afroasiatic languages: The Cushitic and Omotic Languages - The Cushitic and Omotic Languages The two principal Cushitic languages are Oromo, the tongue of 20...
		Marginalisation of the Waata Oromo hunter-gatherers of Kenya: insider and outsider perspectives.
		The emergence of Oromo nationalism and Ethiopian reaction.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/society/A0836907.html (288 words)

	The Federal Government of Ethiopia terrorizing Oromo University students
		The rest of the Oromo student gather and go to the police station to ask what had happened to their friends.
		The Oromo community would like to ask the Federal Government of Ethiopia where their children are and what is happening to them and would also like the human rights commission, the international community and the media to investigate the case and bring it to light.
		The Oromo Students of the Addis Ababa University would also like to take this opportunity to ask the Federal Government of Ethiopia to stop its terrorizing activities and be encouraged towards a democratic reign.
	www.oromiaonline.com /News/news12232000a.htm (456 words)

	Oromo Studies Association
		The Oromo Studies Association (OSA) is a scholarly, multi-disciplinary, nonprofit organization registered in the United States of America.
		The lists of Publications are recent books, newsletters, and proceedings published by OSA members and others interested in Oromo culture.
		OSA seeks to share Oromo culture and its unique view of the world with our audiences.
	www.oromostudies.org (255 words)

	Oromo Religion
		In the pre-colonial Oromo society, the core of Oromo social, economic, political, philosophical, and spiritual life was a holistic institution known as Gada.
		As an extension of this phenomenon, Oromos believe that society collapses unless a balance is struck between female and male, young and old, spiritual and physical power in the cosmic order of Waaq’s wisdom.
		Although there is little doubt that Oromos have pursued many paths into the spiritual world, the three major religious thoughts claiming the vast majority of Oromos are Islam, Christianity, and Oromo religion.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/Fields/2379/oreligion.html (461 words)

	MAR \| Data \| Chronology for Oromo in Ethiopia (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In Oromo areas, the OLF had expanded the ranks of its military (eight thousand in 1991) by recruiting the members from the areas heavily occupied by the Oromo and former soldiers of Mengistu’s army.
		The state-run Ethiopian News Agency (ENA) reported that the Oromo People’s Democratic Organization (OPDO) took 18 of the 20 constituencies for the federal parliament and regional council in the southern region of Bale and the western region of Illibabor, both Oromo strongholds.
		The OLF (Oromo Liberation Front) denied that its goal is to establish an Islamic state in Ethiopia.
	www.cidcm.umd.edu /inscr/mar/chronology.asp?groupId=53004 (5535 words)

	Oromo Community Organization - Washington DC (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Building a successful Oromo community in the Greater Washington Metropolitan area that is ingrained in Gada heritage and is effectively integrated into mainstream American society.
		To educate and encourage the Oromos respect not only their own culture but also the diversity of cultures in the U.S.A. To sponsor a business workshop that provides information for Oromo small investors.
		The Oromo Community Organization sponsors a community based economic development programs and skill training for its members and other disadvantaged low-income minority groups.
	www.oromoco.org /aboutas.htm (452 words)

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