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Topic: Oscan

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Minority language

Umbrian language

Italic languages

Diasystem

Latin language

Vulgar Latin

Faliscan

Etruscan alphabet

Sardo logudorese

327 BC

314 BC

Nnapulitano

Lucania

Italian language

Samnium

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	kir\site\tree\oscan
		Oscan belongs to the Osco-Umbrian subgroup of Italic languages, which was brought to Italy, as believed, either from the North through Istria and Venetia, or from Illyria through the Adriatic.
		Oscan assumes a pre-eminent position among the group, because of the political power and geographical extent of its' speakers.
		Oscan language was assimilated by Latin since the 4th century BC, when Rome began to conquer Samnitian lands.
	members.tripod.com /~babaev/tree/oscan.html (311 words)

	Archaic Italy : The Umbro-Oscans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Oscan inscriptions from Agnone and Abella refer to open-air sanctuaries, much like the Roman fana, that were probably the religious centers of the various pagi.
		The Cippus Abellanus recording an arbitration between the two Oscan towns of Nola and Avellino, made by Q. Fabius Labeonus in 183 BCE (Cicero De Officiis 1) was written in Oscan.
		Latin came to supplant Oscan as an official language, yet Oscan remained the common language used in central and southern Italy.
	www.societasviaromana.org /Collegium_Historicum/oscans.php (1048 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Oscan language
		Oscan, the language of the Osci, is in the Sabellic branch of the Italic language family, which is a branch of Indo-European and includes Umbrian, Latin and Faliscan.
		Oscan is known from inscriptions beginning in the 5th century BC.
		Oscan was written in the Latin and Greek alphabets, as well as in a variety of the Old Italic alphabet.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Oscan_language (305 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Oscan
		Oscan, extinct language belonging to the Italic subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages.
		The Tabula Agnonensis, a bronze tablet that carries an inscription engraved in the full Oscan alphabet, is an important record of the language.
		Possibly an old Oscan settlement, it was a Samnite city for centuries before it passed under Roman rule at the time of Lucius Cornelius Sulla (1st cent.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Oscan (544 words)

	Buck's Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: Introduction
		Oscan inscriptions have been found in Samnium (inclusive of the territory of the Frentani and Hirpini), Campania, northern Apulia, Lucania, and Bruttium, and in the Sicilian city of Messana from the period after its occupation by the Campanian Mamertines.
		We must, rather, assume that the Oscans were simply a detached branch of the Samnites, speaking essentially the same language; and the principal reason why this language was called Oscan rather than Samnitic is that it was among the Oscans that the Greeks and Romans first came in contact with it.
		Oscan is the Gothic of the Italic dialects.
	www.forumromanum.org /latin/buck_1.html (5219 words)

	Ancient Scripts: Oscan
		Because the Oscan language is Indo-European, its phonology is different from that of Etruscan.
		A note about the previous chart of the Oscan alphabet: The fl letter is the Oscan letter, the blue is the traditional Roman transcription of the corresponding Oscan letter, and the red in brackets is the phonetic pronunciation of the Oscan letter.
		As a consequence, the Oscan ethnic identity and culture disappeared, and the Oscan language ceased to be spoken and written by the end of the 1st century CE.
	www.ancientscripts.com /oscan.html (349 words)

	OSCA LINGUA, or OSCAN - Online Information article about OSCA LINGUA, or OSCAN
		In the Umbrian alphabet (see IGUVIUM) It is variously written e and i, and in the Latin alphabet, when used to write Oscan and Umbrian, we have e, i, and occasionally even ei, e.g.
		In Oscan it seems to have become voiced, as it is represented by z in Latin alphabet, e.g.
		One other formation occurs frequently in Oscan (from a- verbs), whose origin is obscure.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /ORC_PAI/OSCA_LINGUA_or_OSCAN.html (1606 words)

	Oscan
		Oscan, the language of the Osci, is one of the ancient progenitors of Italian language, supposedly closely related to Umbrian, Latin and Faliscan[?].
		It should also identify, but this has not been adequately cleared, the language and the culture of the Osci, one of the most ancient peoples of central Italy.
		Something of it is known by inscriptions starting from 400 BC.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/os/Oscan.html (86 words)

	SAMNITES OSCAN LANGUAGE
		This homogenous oscan idiom was universally accepted so that either the Samnites or the Lucanis and the Mamertinis, that propagated in the northern Sicily of grecian discendence, were able to understand it and communicate with.
		Proof of oscan literature however is found instead on the Fabulae Atellanae that became well known among the Romans.
		Oscan iscription: "Detfri, slave of Herennio Sattio, signed with her foot" or with her shoe (as a matter of fact there are two footprints of shoes in the tile).
	xoomer.alice.it /davmonac/sanniti/smliny.html (568 words)

	Ewe's Milk
		And Oscan stopped eating and listened, and all now was a stillness like unto stopped-time, then the sound came again and again, and of the sudden, the breeze returned rushing ashore now from the sea, and it fluffed Oscan's hair and clothes as it raced speedily like a firestorm toward Mount Vesuvius.
		Oscan recognized the hirpus-sound of a Wolf, he understood the message-breeze of sea and land, he also felt his heart flutter and shake like the trembling-flap of bird-wings, and he took a deep breath and felt a sudden sorrow...
		Oscan looked to her and nodded, and motioned with his right hand palm up...for her to join him and be seated...
	members.tripod.com /~ghostlysince/index-8.html (888 words)

	Deities of the Religio Romana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		He is the Oscan Cerus, consort of Ceres, protector of the boundaries of fields and of the plants within, from disease and intemperate weather.
		Maatreis Maauissa: Oscan Mother goddess similar to Hecate, She is a form of Ceres as a Goddess of the dead, and as Mater Matuta and Mania Genita.
		Proserpina, the Oscan Libitina: "Germinator of the Seed," Her name is derived from the Greek Persephone, daughter of Demeter, and therefor a goddess of the dead.
	www.societasviaromana.org /Collegium_Religionis/deities.php (8203 words)

	SAMNITES MEDDIX TUTICUS
		The meddix is the equivalent of mediss found in oscan inscriptions.
		Censor (kenzstur in oscan) - At Pietrabbondante, Histonium, Bantia and Antinum.
		It is possible some of these titles, obviously romans', would be attributed in some cases to those originally being solely sabelli's for example like the kvaisturr and ligat that seemed to be involved in jobs not all together linked to roman's influence.
	xoomer.virgilio.it /davmonac/sanniti/smmeddixy.html (833 words)

	napoli.com - Around Naples
		Interestingly, although we say "Roman" farce, the Atellan Fables were originally performed in the Oscan language, not Latin, which means that the Romans took the idea from someone and somewhere else--the Oscans of the town of Atella, well south of the early Roman sphere of influence.
		"Oscan" is the name of a language as well as a term for the speakers of that language.
		Many of the Oscan stock characters were kept by the Romans (and survived into various national incarnations much later in the European Middle Ages, including Macchus (photo on first page and top and third photo, right), a hunch-backed "wise" fool with a big nose, the forerunner of the modern Neapolitan Pulcinella).
	www.napoli.com /english/viewarticolo.php?articolo=3038 (1000 words)

	Old Italic alphabets
		Oscan is believed to have been spoken in Samnium, Campania, Lucania and Abruzzo in southern Italy.
		The Osci adapted the Etruscan alphabet to write their language sometime in the 7th century BC though the earlist known Oscan inscriptions appeared on coins dating from the 5th century BC.
		After the territory occupied by the Oscans was conquered by Rome in the first century AD, the Oscan language and culture disappeared.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/olditalic.htm (442 words)

	Buck's Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: Preface
		In spite of the meagreness of the material, as compared with languages like Greek and Latin, and in spite of the many questions of detail which are still unsolved, the main features of these two dialects are well understood.
		The grammar is called a Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian, not of the Oscan-Umbrian dialects, for it does not pretend to treat systematically the minor dialects included under the name Oscan-Umbrian.
		And in that approximate sense a grammar of Oscan and Umbrian is also a grammar of Oscan-Umbrian.
	www.forumromanum.org /latin/buck_pr.html (928 words)

	osCAN, UK - Accutest
		osCAN is a preemptive real-time multitasking operating system with optimized characteristics for use on microcontrollers.
		Two outstanding characteristics of osCAN are the seamless integration of Vector CANbedded Software and the large number of supported processors.
		With the help of a CANoe osCAN library, an application can be compiled into a DLL and merged into a simulated network in the CANoe tool.
	www.accutest.co.uk /ozcan.htm (453 words)

	Atella--Comedy Central
		Interestingly, although we say "Roman" farce, the Atellan Fables were originally performed in the Oscan language, not Latin, which means that the Romans took the idea from someone and somewhere else—the Oscans of the town of Atella, well south of the early Roman sphere of influence.
		Others would diminish to historical curiosities; the Oscans were one of these groups, best represented by the ferocious Samnites, who battled Rome for long centuries before succumbing.
		Many of the Oscan stock characters were kept by the Romans (and survived into various national incarnations much later in the European Middle Ages, including Macchus, a hunch-backed "wise" fool with a big nose, the forerunner of the modern Neapolitan Pulcinella).
	faculty.ed.umuc.edu /~jmatthew/naples/atella.htm (1050 words)

	Campania
		The first part can be a phythonym, likely the Oscan counterpart of Latin alnus 'alder', which is from an IE root *el- 'red' according to Pokorny.
		Etymology: The name is clearly related to the Oscan counterpart of Latin ruber, Umbrian rufr- 'red', which are from the IE root *reudh- 'red'.
		Given the well-known Oscan feature ei>e, the name can be explained from an earlier form teia-no-, which may be derived from the IE root *(s)tei- 'sharp', with reference to a hill.
	digilander.libero.it /toponomastica/campania.html (3699 words)

	Ernst & Young - Oscan - Phases
		Within the scope of the Ernst and Young Oscan screening, it is important to identify these and to take them into account during the analysis phase.
		We might consider, for example, the characteristics of your company's activities, the evolution in turnover and personnel, the structure of the organization, its financial situation, market position, etc. We gather this information using a checklist that you complete as the company's leader.
		Ernst and Young Oscan distinguishes six 'vital' and twelve 'supporting' areas in your corporate policy, as shown in the chart below.
	www.ey.com /global/content.nsf/Belgium_E/Oscan_-_Phases (553 words)

	Ancient coins of Campania
		It was certainly very generally issued down to the close of the Hannibalic war and the fall of Capua, B.C. 211, and some towns specially favoured by the Romans may have preserved the right of coining their own bronze money for perhaps a century longer.
		The inscriptions are at first purely Greek; subsequently the Oscan element prevails, except at Neapolis; and finally the Latin gradually supersedes both Oscan and Greek.
		Teanum Sidicinum (Teano), a town of Oscan origin and the chief city of the Sidicini, stood on the Via Latina in the northern corner of Campania.
	www.snible.org /coins/hn/campania.html (3159 words)

	Samnium
		Possibly, related to the IE root k'leu- 'to hear' to which some Oscan* and Umbrian personal names are related (Pokorny).
		Given the well-known Oscan feature ei>e, the name can be explained from an earlier form teia-te-, which may be derived from the IE root *(s)tei- 'sharp'.
		The first part is likely related to the Latin preposition pri-, prae 'before, on', Oscan prai, which derives from the IE *prai (and umlaut variants) 'before, at, on'.
	digilander.libero.it /toponomastica/samnium.html (4307 words)

	History of the Hellenistic and Roman World
		Samnium (Oscan: Safinium) was a region of the southern Apennines in Italy that was home to the Samnites.
		It was populated by sabellic tribe which migrated into these regions and assimilated the language and culture of the native Oscans; the tribal federation who identified themselves as the Samnites (Oscan Safineis) controlled the region from around 600 - 500 BCE.
		Samnium was a mountaineous and forested region, with the main cities being Bovianum (Oscan Bovaiamon) and Malvemntum (Oscan Maloenton).
	www.fenrir.dk /history/index.php?title=Samnium (282 words)

	Latin
		Pre-Roman Italy was filled with predominantly Italic speakers with speakers of Umbrian to the north, and speakers of Oscan to the south, although Etruscan speakers, a non-Indo-European language, were also to the north (43-44).
		Latin forms like asinus, "donkey," and caseus, "cheese," seem to be Oscan or Umbrian rather than Latin in origin, for Latin would have turned s between vowels into r (ausis, the word for "ear," for instance, turned into auris).
		The progression of the expansion of Latin was as follows: "It first displaced the local dialects of the rest of Latium and those of the neighboring Sabines, Aequians, Marsians, Volscians, etc., later the Umbrian, Etruscan, Venetic, Celtic, etc., later still the Oscan, and last of all the Greek in the south.
	linguistics.byu.edu /classes/ling450ch/reports/latin.html (2478 words)

	MULTI IDE Reduces Development Time of Embedded OSEK-Compliant Automotive Designs Based on ARM and NEC V85x Processors
		Fully compliant with OSEK v2.1 and available for ARM and NEC V85x processors, the osCAN RTOS from Vector Informatik is optimized for code-efficient automotive designs that minimize use of microcontroller memory and CPU time.
		MULTI 2000 for osCAN can significantly simplify the development of osCAN-based systems by delivering detailed, kernel-aware information for developers building and debugging C, C++, EC++ and assembly language source files for OSEK-compliant automotive applications.
		These windows allow the developer to quickly and easily obtain summaries of all the components of a particular type, as well as detailed information about any specific component such as ceiling priority and stack peak usage of each individual task.
	www.ghs.com /news/archive/210816o.html (511 words)

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