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Topic: Oscillation

	Oscillation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Oscillation is the periodic variation, typically in time, of some measure as seen, for example, in a swinging pendulum.
		Oscillations are the origin of the sensation of musical tone.
		The simplest mechanical oscillating system is a mass, subject to the force of gravity, attached to a linear spring.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oscillation (629 words)

	Neutrino oscillation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Neutrino oscillation is a quantum mechanical phenomenon whereby a neutrino created with a specific lepton flavor (electron, muon, or tau) can later be measured to have a different flavor.
		Neutrino oscillation is of theoretical and experimental interest, as observation of the phenomenon implies nonzero neutrino mass.
		It is widely accepted in the particle physics community that the oscillations are due to the different flavors of neutrino having different masses.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Neutrino_oscillation (1170 words)

	Neutrino Oscillations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Neutrino oscillation is not fl magic - there are very specific predictions for the behavior of our data if neutrinos oscillate, and we have uniformly found the data in good agreement with these predictions.
		The oscillation probability is also a function of the neutrino energy, and here again we sample a large range of values, roughly a factor of 1000 from the Sub-GeV sample to the through-going upward muons.
		The reason neutrino oscillation is relevant to the question of neutrino mass is that massless neutrinos cannot oscillate.
	www.ps.uci.edu /~superk/nuosc.html (515 words)

	Evidence mounts for Arctic Oscillation's impact on northern climate
		The evidence indicates the acceleration of a counterclockwise spinning ring of air around the polar region could be responsible for warmer winters in Scandinavia and Siberia, thinning of the stratospheric ozone layer, and significant changes in surface winds that might have contributed to Arctic ice thinning.
		The Arctic Oscillation is a seesaw pattern in which atmospheric pressure at polar and middle latitudes fluctuates between positive and negative phases.
		When the oscillation changes phases, the strengthening or weakening of the circulation around the pole tends to begin in the stratosphere and work its way down through lower levels of the atmosphere.
	www.washington.edu /newsroom/news/1999archive/12-99archive/k121699.html (637 words)

	Helioseismology
		The spectrum of the detected oscillations arises from modes with periods ranging from about 1.5 minutes to about 20 minutes and with horizontal wavelengths of between less then a few thousand kilometers to the length of the solar globe [Gough and Toomre, p.
		Since each oscillation mode is sensitive to the solar interior's physical conditions where the amplitudes of the mode are the greatest, identifying oscillation modes is the mainstay of the helioseismologist's work.
		To identify the oscillation modes, many helioseismology experiments start with a velocity picture of the Sun, where each pixel tracks the velocity of a small area on the solar surface by fixing on the Doppler shift of a spectrum line.
	soi.stanford.edu /results/heliowhat.html (1489 words)

	The Madden-Julian oscillation
		The oscillation of surface and upper-level winds was remarkably clear in Singapore.
		The oscillation is stronger in the northern hemisphere winter.
		The influence of the Madden-Julian Oscillation on ocean surface heat fluxes and sea-surface temperatures.
	www-das.uwyo.edu /~geerts/cwx/notes/chap12/mjo.html (1311 words)

	The Arctic Oscillation and Arctic Weather Patterns
		The oscillation exhibits a "negative phase" with relatively high pressure over the polar region and low pressure at midlatitudes (about 45 degrees North), and a "positive phase" in which the pattern is reversed.
		In the positive phase, higher pressure at midlatitudes drives ocean storms farther north, and changes in the circulation pattern bring wetter weather to Alaska, Scotland and Scandinavia, as well as drier conditions to the western United States and the Mediterranean.
		Starting in the 1970s, however, the oscillation has tended to stay in the positive phase, causing lower than normal arctic air pressure and higher than normal temperatures in much of the United States and northern Eurasia.
	nsidc.org /arcticmet/patterns/arctic_oscillation.html (226 words)

	Climate Variability and El Nino
		They are connected with the climate phenomenon called the Southern Oscillation, a major air pressure shift between the Asian and east Pacific regions whose best-known extremes are El Niño events.
		Negative phases in the oscillation (drier periods) tend to have been linked with reduced wheat crops, and vice versa.
		"By the Southern Oscillation is implied the tendency of pressure at stations in the Pacific...
	www.bom.gov.au /climate/glossary/elnino/elnino.shtml (1361 words)

	Tiempo Climate Portal, North Atlantic Oscillation
		The North Atlantic Oscillation is a major disturbance of the atmospheric circulation and climate of the North Atlantic-European region, linked to a waxing and waning of the dominant middle-latitude westerly wind flow during winter.
		The North Atlantic Oscillation Index is based on the pressure difference between various stations to the north (Iceland) and south (Azores) of the middle latitude westerly flow.
		It is related to the shorter-term shift between zonal and meridional circulation types that occurs on the day-to-day timescale and is known as the "index cycle".
	www.tiempocyberclimate.org /portal/datanao.htm (787 words)

	El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
		The El-Niño Southern Oscillation is the result of a cyclic warming and cooling of the surface ocean of the central and eastern Pacific.
		This region of the ocean is normally colder than it's equatorial location would suggest, mainly due to the influence of northeasterly trade winds, a cold ocean current flowing up the coast of Chile, and to the upwelling of cold deep water off the coast of Peru.
		Particularly note the ocean temperatures in the eastern Pacific near Ecuador, Peru and the Galapagos Is., the source of the El-Niño Southern Oscillation.
	www.john-daly.com /elnino.htm (811 words)

	Free harmonic oscillation
		Harmonic oscillation is the periodic process in which the parameter of interest is varied as sinus or cosine.
		Next, we shall find the period of oscillation T of the pendulum which consists of the ball of mass m and the spring of stiffness k.
		In the case of the ball on the spring, this force appears because of the air friction and internal friction in the material of the spring.
	physics.nad.ru /Physics/English/pend_txt.htm (506 words)

	Study of Climate Change in the Arctic - Bond, Overland, Soreide
		The next most familiar climate oscillation is probably El Niño, whose intensity is indexed by the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), which is the difference in air pressure between Tahiti and Darwin, Australia.
		Examples are the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation, whose consequences include phenomena such as increases or decreases in the severity of winter weather, frequency or severity of winter storms, volume of river runoff, and stocks of various important fishes.
		The Arctic Oscillation (AO) appears to be the cause for much of the recent changes that have occurred in the Arctic.
	www.arctic.noaa.gov /essay_bond.html (1761 words)

	The Ultimate Neutrino Page
		The appearance of high energy electron neutrinos is therefore a signal of neutrino oscillation.
		If there were no oscillation, they would expect 150.9 (+11.6, -10.0) muon events inside the fiducial volume of SuperKamiokande.
		As the neutrino beam does not contain any significant amount of tau neutrinos, an appearance of a charged tau lepton in a nearby detector is a signal of neutrino oscillation.
	cupp.oulu.fi /neutrino/nd-osc.html (544 words)

	Ocean Surface Topography from Space-Science
		The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) is a long-term ocean fluctuation of the Pacific Ocean.
		We don't know, but based on past evidence, as shown by scientists Steven Hare and colleagues at the University of Washington, it is likely to last 20-30 years.
		If the Pacific Decadal Oscillation has switched we are likely to have 20-30 years with lower rainfall that we have had since the late '70's.
	topex-www.jpl.nasa.gov /science/pdo.html (620 words)

	Oscillation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Any quantity or body is in a state of oscillation when its value or motion is continually changing so that it passes through maximum and minimum values or positions.
		motion or vibration, it is said to be in oscillation.
		A swinging pendulum, a vibrating string, or a bobbing buoy are all examples of oscillation and
	www.sfu.ca /sonic-studio/handbook/Oscillation.html (121 words)

	Sine wave oscillator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Wien bridge sine wave oscillator to introduce is the oscillator which works in the oscillation by returning(positive feedback) the oscillation output to the input.
		voltage which rectified the oscillation output in the full wave and is making the oscillation operation be stable.
		The sine wave oscillator is the oscillator which is difficult to make because the distortion of the oscillation signal occurs compared with the square wave oscillator, the triangular wave oscillator.
	www.interq.or.jp /japan/se-inoue/e_ckt18.htm (246 words)

	Neutrino oscillation
		"Neutrino oscillation" is based on what is known as "the wave-particle duality", that is, according to quantum mechanics laws, a particle, when it is propagated, behaves like a wave.
		The fundamental "weak" interaction not only can generate neutrinos (as is the case in nuclear reactions within the sun), but it can also make them observable when they interact in an experimental apparatus, producing various electrically charged particles that can be detected.
		So the word "oscillation" is not due to the wave representation of particles, but rather to the fact that the colour observed (flavour eigenstate) changes at each point as it leaves its source, following the oscillatory law.
	choruswww.cern.ch /Public/textes/english/node4.html (1097 words)

	NASA - Top Story - THE 1991 MT. PINATUBO ERUPTION PROVIDES A NATURAL TEST FOR THE INFLUENCE OF ARCTIC CIRCULATION ON ...
		A positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation (top) is associated with strengthening of winds circulating counterclockwise around the North Pole north of 55°N, that is, roughly in line with Moscow, Belfast, and Ketchikan, Alaska.
		A positive phase of the Arctic Oscillation is associated with strengthening of winds circulating counterclockwise around the North Pole north of 55°N, that is, roughly in line with Moscow, Belfast, and Ketchikan, Alaska.
		The troposphere extends from Earth’s surface to an altitude of 7 miles in the polar regions and expands to 13 miles in the tropics.
	www.nasa.gov /centers/goddard/news/topstory/2003/0306aopin.html (1023 words)

	Physical Oceanography Division - Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation
		Instruments have observed AMO cycles only for the last 150 years, not long enough to conclusively answer this question.
		However, studies of paleoclimate proxies, such as tree rings and ice cores, have shown that oscillations similar to those observed instrumentally have been occurring for at least the last millennium.
		This is clearly longer than modern man has been affecting climate, so the AMO is probably a natural climate oscillation.
	www.aoml.noaa.gov /phod/amo_faq.php (852 words)

	The Pacific Decadal Oscillation
		The remainder of this article is devoted to an overview of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and how it contributes to skillful climate forecasts over the Pacific and North America.
		The Pacific Decadal Oscillation, or PDO, is often described as a long-lived El Niño-like pattern of Pacific climate variability (Zhang et al.
		As seen with the better-known El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), extremes in the PDO pattern are marked by widespread variations in Pacific Basin and North American climate.
	www.atmos.washington.edu /~mantua/REPORTS/PDO/PDO_cs.htm (2137 words)

	Forced oscillations (resonance) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The top of a spring pendulum (red circle) is moved to and fro - for example by hand; this motion is assumed as harmonic, which means that it is possible to describe the motion by a cosine function.
		The oscillations of the spring pendulum caused in this way are called forced oscillations.
		If the exciter's frequency agrees with the characteristic frequency of the spring pendulum, the oscillations of the pendulum will build up more and more (resonance); in this case the oscillations are delayed about one fourth of the oscillation period compared with the exciter.
	www.walter-fendt.de /ph11e/resonance.htm (334 words)

	Unified Theory Using Damped Oscillation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Note: The author does not, by dealing with damped oscillator equations, imply "perpetual motion".
		He does use the basic equation, damped oscillation, which is the basis of modern string theory.
		The only difference will be the "interpretation of the damped oscillator", as in above.
	www3.sympatico.ca /georg.josephs (269 words)

	Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)
		The "Pacific Decadal Oscillation" (PDO) is a long-lived El Niño-like pattern of Pacific climate variability.
		Likewise, the potential predictability for this climate oscillation are not known.
		The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) Index is defined as the leading principal component of North Pacific monthly sea surface temperature variability (poleward of 20N for the 1900-93 period).
	www.jisao.washington.edu /pdo (944 words)

	Southern Oscillation Index
		The SOI [T-D] is an optimal index that combines the Southern Oscillation into one series.
		The SOI noise [T+D] series is a measure of small scale and/or transient phenomena that are not part of the large scale Southern Oscillation.
		These SOI values are similar to those calculated by the Climate Prediction Center in that they have been derived using normalization factors derived from monthly values.
	www.cgd.ucar.edu /cas/catalog/climind/soi.html (440 words)

	NTNU JAVA :: View topic - Oscillation and Wave (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		If a spring with a mass m attached to it is slightly stretched or compresses with displacement x.
		The solution to this equation is a simple harmonic oscillation.
		Consider a spring hanging freely, stretches a length dx when it made to support a load of mass m.
	www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw /java/springWave/springWave.html (358 words)

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