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Topic: Otrar

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		Otrar, being at the junction of the two great rivers was the center of the large agricultural region and being near the foothills of the Karatau mountains became one of the supporting fortresses of the nomads wandering in the steppes.
		The oasis of Otrar is situated in the Kusulkum district of the Southern Kazakhstan Region.
		The prosperity of Otrar was interrupted by the Mongol invasion.
	www.otrar.unesco.kz /site/?swl=2 (1416 words)

	Otrar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Otrar ist eine der größten mittelalterlichen Städte von Kasachstan, die in der Großen Seidenstraße liegen.
		Heute ist Otrar eine wichtige Sehenswürdigkeit in Kasachstan.
		In Zusammenarbeit mit der UNESCO wird in der alten Siedlung von Otrar langsam restauriert.
	www.poezdka.de /113/mittelasien/kasachstan/otrar.html (282 words)

	Otrar information - Search.com
		Otrar was an important town in Turkic history, situated on the borders of settled and agricultural civilizations.
		Otrar was the cultural center where Abu Nasr al-Farabi was born, and Arustan-Bab, a great representative of Islamic culture and teacher of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, preached here.
		The prosperity of Otrar was interrupted by the Mongol invasion of Central Asia.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Otrar (1896 words)

	OTRAR
		Otrar Tobe, or town, is the largest and most important of the remains of six mediaeval towns located in the Otrar Oasis in south-west Kazakhstan at the confluence of the Arys and Syr Darya rivers.
		The Otrar Oasis stands at a point where several of the historical "Silk Roads", a network of trading routes and pathways for cultural and technological exchange that traversed the region from the third century BC on, converged.
		Since the towns, and particularly Otrar itself, flourished over a very long period (typically from the 1st to the 15th Century A.D.), it is possible to reconstruct the complex history of the region from studying their monuments and remains.
	www.unesco.kz /otrar_house (714 words)

	Operational Projects in Asia and the Pacific: Otrar tobe (Kazakhstan)
		Otrar Tobe, or town, is the largest and most important of the remains of six mediaeval towns located in the Otrar Oasis in south-west Kazakhstan at the confluence of the Arys and Syr Darya rivers.
		In addition, the Otrar Oasis is situated at an important junction on the Silk Roads, a trading network dating from the third century B.C. that linked the Mediterranean and China.
		For this reason too, Otrar tobe and its is a significant part of the culture and history both of Kazakhstan and the region as a whole.
	www.unesco.org /culture/heritage/tangible/kazakhstan/html_eng/index_en.shtml (263 words)

	RusFilm-2002: The Fall of Otrar
		Unzhu returns to Otrar in order to warn Mukkhamed and Kairkhan that Genghis Khan is about to turn his armies away from China and invade Khorezm.
		Otrar is filled with many other visual citations, ranging from Akira Kurosawa's samurai films–especially The Red Beard (1965) and Kagemusha (1980)–to Sergeo Leone's spaghetti Westerns.
		The original screenplay for The Fall of Otrar was written in Russian by film director Aleksei German and his wife, Svetlana Karmalita, in the mid-1980s, when all but one of German's films had been shelved in the former Soviet Union.
	www.rusfilm.pitt.edu /2002/ga3/otrar-program-notes.html (712 words)

	Archaeological sites of Otrar oasis - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
		Otrar oasis is an area of 200 sq km with archaeological remains of medieval towns and structures of irrigation.
		Otrar town is the largest medieval hillfort of Kazakhstan with an area of 170 ha.: in the first century AC was part of the Kangju empire; at the beginning of the VIII capital of the Kangars tribal confederation (Petchenegues) with the name of Kangu-Targan and later of Farab.
		Today the landscape is reduced to semidesert and the towns are in ruin, but, until the XV century, Otrar, together with the rest of the oasis, represented the main urban centre on the marginal zone between southern towns and northern steppes, between settlers and nomads of Central Asia.
	whc.unesco.org /en/tentativelists/1137 (354 words)

	Otrar Travel Guide - Otrar Vacations - VirtualTourist.com
		Plan a Otrar vacation with reviews, tips and photos posted by real travelers and Otrar locals.
		Transportation in Otrar (1 Reviews - 0 Photos)
		General Tips in Otrar (1 Reviews - 1 Photos)
	www.virtualtourist.com /travel/Asia/Kazakhstan/Otrar-1233492/TravelGuide-Otrar.html (207 words)

	The Great Silk Road :: Kazakhstan part of Silk Road. The Great Silk Road in Kazakhstan
		Cities Otrar, Taraz, Sairam (Ispidzhab), Turkestan (Yassy), Syab, Balasagyn and others were not only shopping centers, but also centers of science and culture.
		The Otrar oasis covered over 150 small towns, fortresses, castles and fortified settlements connected with one another by a chain of caravanserais of the Great Silk Road.
		Otrar is the birthplace of the great scientist and philosopher of the Middle Ages Abu Nasra ibn Mohammed who came into history under the name of Al Farabi.
	www.kazakhstan.orexca.com /silk_road.shtml (1391 words)

	Persia - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In 1218, Genghis Khan sent ambassadors and merchants to the city of Otrar, on the northeastern confines of the Khwarizm shahdom.
		Genghis, out of revenge, sacked Otrar in 1219 and continued on to Samarkand and other cities of the northeast.
		Genghis' grandson, Hulagu Khan, finished what Genghis had begun when he conquered Persia, Baghdad, and much of the rest of the Middle East in 1255-1258.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Persia (3221 words)

	Persian Empire -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The governor of Otrar had these envoys executed.
		Genghis, out of revenge, sacked Otrar in 1219 and continued on to (City in southern Uzbekistan; Tamerlane's opulent capital in the 14th century) Samarkand and other cities of the northeast.
		Genghis' grandson, (additional info and facts about Hulagu Khan) Hulagu Khan, finished what Genghis had begun when he conquered Persia, Baghdad, and much of the rest of the Middle East in 1255-1258.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pe/persian_empire.htm (4179 words)

	Kazakhstan - ICOMOS World Report on Monuments and Sites in Danger 2002: Heritage @ Risk
		The oasis of Otrar lies in the Kyzylkum district of the Chimkent region in south-west Kazakhstan, 170 kilometres north-west of Chimkent and 60 kilometres south of Turkestan city (the location of the mausoleum of Khwaja Ahmed Yasavi).
		Though the cultures represented by the numerous tobes in the Otrar Oasis are (so far) much younger (starting with the 2nd century B.C.), the phenomena of the development of hydraulic societies may be similar.
		With at least 100 hectares in size Otrar seems to have been the largest town in the oasis, which was named after it.
	www.international.icomos.org /risk/2002/kazakhstan2002.htm (647 words)

	Permanent Delegation of Japan to UNESCO - Otrar Tobe, Kazakhstan
		The Otrar Oasis, which covers some 200km2 at the confluence of the Arys and Syr Darya rivers, consists of a largely uninhabited and unspoiled landscape containing the remains of six mediaeval towns along with an extensive system of irrigation canals dating back 2,000 years.
		These towns, the largest and most important of which is Otrar Tobe, were first excavated in 1969, revealing the spectacular mud-brick remains of large, typically Central Asian settlements including a central citadel, shahristan (or town area), rabat (suburbs), and earthen fortifications and city walls.
		Developing the skills and expertise of Kazakh and Central Asian professionals involved in the safeguarding and conservation of cultural her-itage is also emphasized, notably through the conservation of Otrar's mud-brick and earth structures, which are in danger of rapid erosion and deterioration.
	www.unesco.emb-japan.go.jp /htm/otrartobe.htm (238 words)

	FILM IN REVIEW; 'The Fall of Otrar' - New York Times
		Made in Kazakhstan in 1990 and reaching New York through the good offices of Martin Scorsese, Ardak Amirkulov's ''Fall of Otrar'' is a strange and fascinating historical epic set in the 13th century.
		Though informed by the lyrical, folkloric style of Sergei Parajanov, whose historical epics (including ''The Color of Pomegranates,'' 1968) are set in Armenia, ''The Fall of Otrar'' has an edge of cynicism and cruelty that just as often suggests the spaghetti westerns of Sergio Leone.
		As the two old wise men roll on the ground, punching and biting each other, he and his men have a good chuckle.
	query.nytimes.com /gst/fullpage.html?res=9F01E5DE153CF930A1575BC0A9649C8B63 (439 words)

	village voice > film > One Hour Photo ; Mother India ; The Fall of Otrar by J. Hoberman
		Otrar, the capital of the pre-Kazakh Kipchaks, is an international crossroads—with all manner of Arabs, Chinese, Persians, and Slavs preparing (or not) for imminent Mongol invasion.
		Enigmatic from the get-go, The Fall of Otrar builds to a series of spectacular battle scenes, but the mood is never less than sardonic.
		After the sack of Otrar, the victorious Genghis Khan mocks the religious schisms that prevented his Muslim foes from uniting against him.
	www.villagevoice.com /issues/0234/hoberman.php (1653 words)

	The Fall of Otrar Synopsis - Moviefone (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Set in the 13th Century, The Fall of Otrar depicts the destruction of the east Asian civilization of Otrar at the hands of Genghis Khan's marauding army of Mongols.
		The Khan's reign of terror is seen through the eyes of an enigmatic military scout whose warnings of the Khan's military might and ruthlessness are repeatedly ignored by the Kharkan of Otrar.
		Written by noted Russian director Alexei Guerman and his wife Svetlana Karmalita, and directed by Ardak Amirkulov, The Fall of Otrar is a precursor to the Kazakh new wave of the 1990's.
	movies.aol.com /movie/the-fall-of-otrar/13031/synopsis (171 words)

	Laboratory of Geoarchaeology, Kazakhstan - Work
		Laboratory analyses made in Almaty by members of the Laboratory or in cooperation with colleague institutions cover most of the exigencies of the geoarchaeological work: granulometry, mineralogy (X-ray), elemental and organic chemistry, palinology (pollen and spore), botany, microfossils and carpology, and ESR dating.
		It includes the oases of Chardara, Otrar, Turkestan, Chiili, the ancient courses in the Kyzylkum desert (Zhosaly), the ancient delta distributaries (Janadarya and Kyandarya), and the Kazakh shores of the Aral sea.
		The upper layers of some old towns of the Otrar oasis have been studied by archaeological excavations during the last 40 years but the oasis as a whole was never the subject of a systematic geoarchaeological study.
	www.lgakz.org /Work/Work.html (1095 words)

	Tim Cope Journeys: Otrar & Turkistan
		Otrar, a small city and part of the Kharwizm Empire was the first conquest of the Mongols under Ghengis Khaan in Central Asia.
		He attacked Otrar in the early 13th century after repeatedly being snubbed by the local leader.
		The last straw was when a Mongol delegate was executed and their heads sent back to Mongolia.
	www.timcopejourneys.com /index.pl?page=2215 (239 words)

	Gibel Otrara (1991) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Fall of Otrar is a vivid and surprisingly historically accurate account of events in the 13th century which foreshadowed events of worldwide significance.
		Thus, Otrar was the first stop and the calm before this ferocious storm - a storm which perhaps could have been averted had the governor not been so greedy or is Shah Mohammed had righted the wrong.
		Having been an avid student of Central Asian history, I was delighted to see a dramatization of this event of world historical significance done not by Hollywood but by a filmmaker whose land has been a central part of this history.
	us.imdb.com /Title?0104224 (478 words)

	ASIA-BASKET - Kazakhstan basketball
		Barsy were driven to the victory by game-high 30 points from Maxim Voeikov.
		Alexandr Emelianov (214-C-80) nailed 19 points and grabbed 6 boards to pace Otrar.
		Otrar: Aleksandr Alexandr Emelianov 19+6 boards, Fedor Zakharchenko (202-C-82) 13+10 boards.
	www.asia-basket.com /KAZ/KAZ.asp (1950 words)

	Hotels in Almaty Kazakhstan - Best Eastern Hotel Otrar
		The Otrar is a functional business hotel that offers presidential six room suite two three room suites and two junior suites comprising two rooms each.
		Dining at the Hotel compirses the Otrar traditional restaurant where local banquets can be witnessed celebrating weddings and traditions of centuries old.
		Most of our front office staff are fluent in english whilst our team of interpreters are at hand to assist you.
	www.onetravelsource.com /11260773.html (293 words)

	Hotel Otrar, Almaty, Kazakhstan. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Otrar Hotel, built in 1981 and renovated in 1994, is located in the city center.
		It is situated across the road from a Park.
		Centrally located opposite the city park a lush environment with ideal views of magnificent snow capped mountains await you at the Otrar.
	www.allrussiahotels.com /kazakhstan/almaty/hotel/otrar.html (302 words)

	languagehat.com: THE FALL OF OTRAR.
		I had wanted to see it for some time, since it deals with a time and place of intense interest to me, Central Asia in the early 13th century, at the beginning of Genghis Khan's conquests.
		I am a Kazakh student in the USA and have long been interested in seeing The Fall of Otrar, never had an opportunity to.
		Posted by: language hat at December 25, 2004 01:00 PM
	www.languagehat.com /archives/000585.php (1199 words)

	The Fall of Otrar - Rotten Tomatoes
		Currently, there are not enough Tomatometer critic reviews for The Fall of Otrar to receive a rating.
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		Certain The Fall of Otrar article data provided by the Movie Review Query Engine.
	www.rottentomatoes.com /m/fall_of_otrar/?critic=columns (334 words)

	Otrar Hotel Guide - Zoom and Go
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	www.zoomandgo.com /Hotel_Review-hkHMIDKZ00A0003hk-Reviews_and_Pictures_of_Otrar_Kazakhstan.html (120 words)

	Kazakhstan Hotel - Hotel Otrar Kazakhstan
		The Otrar Hotel was built in 1981 and reconstructed in 2002.
		It is located in 1 km to the city centre and near Museum of Musical Instruments, Principal Mosque, Svyato- Voznesensky Cathedral.
		The Restaurant which is interestingly decorated with wall murals and wall hung carpets, is Buffet style, although some of the dishes may not be instantly recognisable to the English, all food is well cooked and quite tasty.
	www.southtravels.com /asia/kazakhstan/hotelotrar/index.html (283 words)

	Otrar, Kazakhstan
		About 150 km North-West of Chimkent lie the ruins of Otrar the town that brought Chengiz Khan to Central Asia when its Governor murdered Great Khan's Merchants in 13th century.
		Close to ruins is Arslan-Bab mausoleum the tomb of an early mentor of Khodja Ahmed Yasavi.
		5 km away at the village of Shaulder is Al-Farabi museum containing some finds from Otrar.
	www.advantour.com /kazakhstan/attractions/otrar.htm (84 words)

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