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Topic: Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria

	Wittelsbach - LoveToKnow 1911
		Otto was descended from Luitpold, duke of Bavaria and margrave of Carinthia, who was killed in 907 fighting the Hungarians.
		Otto died at Pfullendorf in 1183, and was succeeded in the duchy by his son, Louis I.
		Louis' son, Otto the Illustrious (1206-1253), undertook the government of the Palatinate in 1228, and became duke of Bavaria in 1231.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Wittelsbach (1292 words)

	Worldroots.com
		Wittelsbach, Ferdinand Maria of Bavaria, Elector of Bavaria
		Wittelsbach, Henry XIII of Bavaria, Duke of Bavaria
		Wittelsbach, Maximilian I of Bavaria, Elector of Bavaria
	worldroots.com /brigitte/wittelsbach.htm (702 words)

	Austria-Hungary - LoveToKnow 1911
		In 976 his son, the emperor Otto II., entrusted the government of this mark, soon to be known as Austria, to Leopold, a member of the family of Babenberg, and its administration was conducted with vigour and success.
		After the duke had three times refused to appear before the princes, Frederick placed him under the ban, declared the duchies of Austria and Styria to be vacant, and, aided by the king of Bohemia, the duke of Bavaria and other princes, invaded the country in 1236.
		Francis, the dispossessed duke of Lorraine, was to be compensated with Tuscany.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Austria-Hungary (16331 words)

	Bavaria. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The largest state of Germany, Bavaria is bordered by the Czech Republic on the east, by Austria on the southeast and south, by Baden-Württemberg on the west, by Hesse on the northwest, and by Thuringia and Saxony on the north.
		Frederick II restored (1156) Bavaria to Henry the Lion but in 1180 deposed the rebellious Guelph and bestowed the duchy (from which he detached considerable territory in what is now Austria) on Otto of Wittelsbach.
		Bavaria was overrun by foreign armies, notably in the War of the Spanish Succession, the War of the Austrian Succession, the War of the Bavarian Succession (1778, by which Bavaria lost the Inn Quarter to Austria), and the French Revolutionary Wars.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ba/Bavaria.html (1297 words)

	Wittelsbach: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		Elector Charles Albert of Bavaria was chosen (1742) Holy Roman emperor as Charles VII; with the death (1777) of his son, Maximilian III, the Bavarian branch of the Wittelsbachs died out, and the Palatinate-Sulzbach line acceded in Bavaria in the person of Elector Charles Theodore, who died in 1799 without issue.
		He was succeeded by the duke palatine of ZweibrU+00FCcken, senior member of the Palatinate branch, who thus united all Wittelsbach lands under his sole rule and who in 1806 became king of Bavaria as Maximilian I.
		...of the palatine house of Scheyern and Wittelsbach.
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/wittelsbach.jsp (1814 words)

	History of the Bavaria region of Germany
		The efforts of these and succeeding dukes to consolidate their power over the duchy were fairly successful; but their efforts were soon vitiated by partitions among different members of the family—partitions that for 250 years made the political history of Bavaria little more than a chronicle of territorial divisions, family feuds, and petty squabblings.
		Duke Maximilian I. (1573-1651) fought on the side of the Habsburgs in the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) and by his leadership increased Bavaria's prestige, gaining territorial accessions and attaining for himself the title of elector.
		In 1850 Louis' son and successor, Maximilian II (reigned 1848-64), brought Bavaria into an alliance with Saxony, Hanover, and Wurttemberg in accordance with the aim of establishing the medium-sized states in Germany—of which Bavaria was the largest—as a third force to counter the preponderance of Austria and Prussia.
	www.visi.com /~tomcat/travelogue/europe/bavaria_hist.shtml (1921 words)

	GermanyMunich
		In 1240 Munich itself was transferred to Otto II Wittelsbach and in 1255, when the dukedom of Bavaria was split in two, Munich became the ducal residence of Upper Bavaria.
		Duke Louis IV was elected German king in 1314 and crowned as Holy Roman Emperor in 1328.
		Duke Wilhelm V commissioned the Jesuit Michaelskirche, which became a center for the counter-reformation, and also built the Hofbräuhaus for brewing brown beer in 1589.
	www.germanymunich.com (1678 words)

	Louis I (of Bavaria) - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Louis I (of Bavaria), in German, Ludwig I (1786-1868), King of Bavaria (1825-1848), son and successor of Maximilian I, born in Strasbourg.
		Charles II (Holy Roman Empire), called The Bald (823-877), Holy Roman Emperor (875-877), and, as Charles I, King of France, born in Frankfurt am Main,...
		Otto I (of Greece), full name Otto Friedrich Ludwig (1815-1867), king of Greece (1832-1862), the second son of Louis I, king of Bavaria.
	au.encarta.msn.com /Louis_I_(of_Bavaria).html (249 words)

	Bavaria
		Louis II (of Bavaria), in German, Ludwig II (1845-86), king of Bavaria (1864-86), son and successor of king Maximilian II, born in Nymphenburg.
		Son of Louis I and uncle of Louis II and Otto; officer in Bavarian army (1866-86); chosen (1886) regent of Bavaria for Otto during his entire reign because of Otto' s insanity; introduced liberal reforms; patron of the arts, made Munich a center of culture; succeeded by his son Louis III.
		Austria refused to withdraw from Bavaria despite these protests, and in July 1778, Frederick the Great and Henry, prince of Saxony, invaded the Habsburg kingdom of Bohemia; the Austrian forces under Joseph II held strong positions along the boundary between Silesia and Austrian lands.
	website.lineone.net /~johnbidmead/bavaria.htm (1840 words)

	Civic Arms of Bavaria
		The Wittelsbach family was related to the counts of Bogen and inherited their possessions along the Danube between Regensburg and Deggendorf.
		The first members of the family to use the arms were Ludwig and Heinrich, sons of Duke Otto, who used the arms in their seals around 1240.
		As in 1835 the official title of the king was : King of Bavaria, Count of the Rhein-Pfalz, Duke of Bavaria Franken and Schwaben, it was necessary to enlarge the arms with the territories mentioned.
	webpages.charter.net /gooup/View/Civic_Arms/Civic_Arms_of_Bavaria/civic_arms_of_bavaria.html (857 words)

	Otto of Greece
		Otto of Wittelsbach, Prince of Bavaria and King of Greece (Salzburg, June 1, 1815 - Bamberg, July 26, 1867) was made the first modern king of Greece in 1832 under the Convention of London, whereby Greece became a new independent kingdom under the protection of the United Kingdom, France and Russia.
		Through his ancestor the Bavarian Duke John II Wittelsbach, Otto was a descendant of the Greek Imperial dynasties of Comnenos and Laskaris.
		Although King Otto tried to function as an absolute monarch, as Thomas Gallant writes, he "was neither ruthless enough to be feared, nor compassionate enough to be loved, nor competent enough to be respected." 2 By 1843 public dissatisfaction with him had reached crisis proportions and there were demands for a constitution.
	www.mlahanas.de /Greece/History/Portraits/OttoOfGreece.html (996 words)

	boys clothing: European royalty--Bavaria
		Kurfürst Karl Theodor, of the Palatine Wittelsbacher inherited the Bavarian throne.
		King Maximilian II was the son of King Ludwig I. Bavaria was a center for anti-Prussian and anti-unification sentiment within the German Federation.
		Bavaria while Ludwig II wasstill king was swept up in the War against France and the unification of German under the Crown of Prussia.
	histclo.com /royal/gers/royal-bavaria.htm (2652 words)

	AllRefer.com - Wittelsbach (German History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		The Wittelsbachs reached their zenith under Duke Louis III, of the elder branch, who became Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV (reigned 1314–47).
		He was succeeded by the duke palatine of ZweibrUcken, senior member of the Palatinate branch, who thus united all Wittelsbach lands under his sole rule and who in 1806 became king of Bavaria as Maximilian I.
		• Maximilian I, 1573–1651, elector and duke of Bavaria
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/W/Wittelsb.html (641 words)

	Otto of Greece information - Search.com
		Otto of Wittelsbach, Prince of Bavaria and King of Greece (Salzburg, June 1, 1815 - Bamberg, July 26, 1867) was made the first modern king of Greece in 1832 under the Convention of London, whereby Greece became a new independent kingdom under the protection of the Great Powers (Great Britain, France and the Russian Empire).
		Through his ancestor the Bavarian Duke John II Wittelsbach, Otto was a descendant of the Greek Imperial dynasties of Comnenus and Lascaris.
		King Otto of Greece adopted the native Greek garment the Foustanella which eventually became the official dress of King Otto's court..
	www.search.com /reference/Otto_of_Greece (1130 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Kingdom of Bavaria
		Bavaria from the south are the Iller, a stream rich in fish, the Lech, the Isar, and the Inn; from the north its tributaries are the Wörnitz, the Altmühl, the Regen, and the Vils.
		Bavaria varies according to the province in question; the races that now live peacefully together under the rule of the Wittelsbach dynasty were once constantly engaged in bloody feuds.
		Maximilian II (1848-64), a well-meaning but weak ruler, did much to further learning, especially in the domain of history; he was not fortunate, however, in the men he selected to fill professorships and on this account lost popularity with his Catholic subjects.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02353c.htm (3882 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Wittelsbach
		The largest state of Germany, Bavaria is bordered by the Czech Republic on the east, by Austria on the southeast and south, by Baden-Württemberg on the west, by Hesse on the northwest, and by...
		At first a county, Jülich was raised to a duchy in 1356, and in 1423 it was united with the county of Berg.
		A county in the 12th cent., Berg passed (1348) to the dukes of Jülich and in 1380 was made a duchy.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Wittelsbach&StartAt=11 (797 words)

	MUNICHFOUND CITY MAGAZINE
		From 1140 to1914, a total of fifty Wittelsbacher held sway over Bavaria and the smaller dukedoms into which it was, for a time, divided.
		1777-1799, Kurfürst Karl Theodor, of the Palatine Wittelsbacher inherited the Bavarian throne.
		In the upheavals that followed Germany's defeat in the First World War, Bavaria was declared a worker's republic and the royal family fled Munich on the advice of the new government, which said it could not guarantee their safety.
	www.munichfound.com /new.cfm?News_ID=516 (1264 words)

	FRANCIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Dukes of Savoy, beginning with a county in Burgundy, acquired more land and a capital (Turin) in Italy, named their new Kingdom after Sardinia and ultimately succeeded as the modern Kings of Italy.
		In 1349 Count Humbert II (d.1355), the "Dauphin," simply sold the territory to the grandson of Philip VI, the prince who would later become Charles V. Thus, Charles became the first "Dauphin" of France, and as he was the Crown Prince from 1350-1364, this now became the traditional title of the Heir Apparent of France.
		Henry of Guise was of the house of Anjou and Lorraine, descendants of King John II of France.
	www.friesian.org /francia.htm (14283 words)

	ipedia.com: Holy Roman Empire Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		His later crowning as Emperor Otto I (later called "the Great") in 962 would mark an important step, since from then on the Empire – and not the West-Frankish kingdom that was the other remainder of the Frankish kingdoms – would have the blessing of the pope.
		Otto had gained much of his power earlier, when, in 955, the Magyars were defeated in the Battle of Lechfeld.
		When Frederick III needed the dukes to finance war against Hungaria in 1486 and at the same time had his son, later Maximilian I elected king, he was presented with the dukes' united demand to participate in an Imperial Court.
	www.ipedia.com /holy_roman_empire.html (4408 words)

	WITTELSBACH - Online Information article about WITTELSBACH
		government of the Palatinate in 1228, and became duke of Bavaria in 1231.
		Albert IV., duke of Bavaria-Munich (1447—1508) and the upper Palatinate was added to them in 1628.
		Westphalia, an eighth electorate was created for the Wittelsbachs of the Palatinate, and was exercised by the senior branch of the family.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /WIL_YAK/WITTELSBACH.html (1665 words)

	Munich - holidays in Munich - hotels in Munich
		Duke Louis IV was elected German king in 1314 and crowned as Holy Roman Emperor in 1328, Munich was his residence.
		After the murder of the first republican premier of Bavaria Kurt Eisner in February 1919 Communists took power establishing the Bavarian Soviet Republic (Münchner Räterepublik) which was put down already on May 3 1919 by the militarist Freikorps, many of whom were later drawn to Adolf Hitler and National Socialism.
		Four grand royal avenues of the 19th century with magnificent official buildings remind on the kingdom of Bavaria, the Brienner Strasse with the Königsplatz next to the Kunstareal, the neoclassical Ludwigstrasse with the Ludwig-Maximilian University, the Maximilianstrasse with the Parliament and finally the Prinzregentenstrasse.
	www.vacanzalastminute.com /travel/munich.shtml (2612 words)

	Decorations of the Kingdom of Bavaria
		In 1180, the Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich II bestowed the Duchy of Bavaria on Otto von Wittelsbach.
		Bavaria was elevated to a kingdom and Elector Maximilian IV Joseph was proclaimed King of Bavaria as Maximilian I. The Bavarian Army joined Napoleon in his disastrous invasion of Russia and thousands of Bavarian soldiers died in the march on and retreat from Moscow.
		After an act of the Bavarian parliament deposed Otto I in 1913, Ludwig III was crowned king and would rule until the monarchy was abolished with the defeat of Germany in World War One, ending 738 years of Wittelsbach rule.
	home.att.net /~david.danner/militaria/bavaria.htm (1938 words)

	The Invisible Basilica: William of Schyren (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		William IV of Bavaria (1493 - 1550 e.v.) is noted for his opposition to Lutheranism when nearly all of the neighboring nobility were embracing it, and for inviting the Jesuits to Bavaria, who established their headquarters at the university of Ingolstadt.
		Duke Otto II of Bavaria (1206 - 1270 e.v.) is said to have been one of the patrons of the unnamed minnesinger known only as "der Tannhäuser."
		between the Landgrave of Hesse, the Elector of Saxony, the Dukes of Bavaria, and King Francis I of France, for the purpose of evicting the Habsburgs from the duchy of Württemburg.
	www.hermetic.com /sabazius/schyren.htm (899 words)

	Han's Homepage - Chapter Genealogy, Wittelsbach
		Otto I (V) of Scheyern (of Schweinfurt, of Wittelsbach), Duke of Bavaria
		Otto I (V) of Scheyern (of Schweinfurt, of Wittelsbach), Duke of Bavaria (1120?-1183)
		Ludwig I "The Kelheimer" of Wittelsbach (of Scheyern, of Schweinfurt)
	home.planet.nl /~voort359/home3wittl.html (850 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Munich
		Munich has a nearly unbroken history of SPD governments since World War II, which is remarkable because the rest of Bavaria is a conservative stronghold, with the CSU (Christian Social Union) winning absolute majorities among the Bavarian electorate in nearly all elections at the communal, state, and federal levels.
		As capital of Bavaria, Munich is an important political center in Germany and the seat of the Bavarian Landtag (the state parliament), the Staatskanzlei (the state chancellery) and of all state departments.
		Elisabeth of Bavaria, 1837 - 1898, Empress "Sisi" of Austria
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Munich (7412 words)

	Munich
		MUNICH The city was founded in 1158 next to an already existing settlement of Benedictine monks Munichen (Latin Monacum, Monachium) by the Welf Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria.
		Capital of the reunited duchy of Bavaria When Bavaria was reunited in 1506 Munich became capital of the whole of Bavaria.
		Capital of the Kingdom of Bavaria In 1806, it became the capital of the new Kingdom of Bavaria, with the state's parliament (the Landtag) and the new archdiocese of Munich and Freising being located in the city.
	pages.emerson.edu /Staff/D/David_Griffin/Excursions/munich_page_hi.html (1556 words)

	Wittelsbach 1
		Duke Otto III of Lower Bavaria (1290-1312), King of Hungary (1305-07) as Béla III -cr 5.12.1305, Burghausen 11.2.1261, +Landshut 9.9.1312, bur Seligenthal; 1m: Vienna 1279 Katharina von Habsburg (1256 +4.4.1282); 2m: Straubing II.1308 Agnes von Glogau (*1293/96 +25.12.1361 bur Seligenthal)
		Duke Stephan I of Lower Bavaria (1290-1310), 14.3.1271, +of the plague at Landshut 21.12.1310, bur Seligenthal; m.1299 Jutta of Schweidnitz (1285/7 +Landshut 15.9.1320, bur Seligenthal)
		Duke Heinrich III of Lower Bavaria (1333-39), 29.9.1305, +Landshut 1.9.1339, bur Seligenthal; m.Straubing 12.8.1328 Margarete of Bohemia (8.7.1313 +11.7.1341)
	genealogy.euweb.cz /wittel/wittel1.html (1031 words)

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