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Topic: Outcrop

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	index.htm
		Outcrop Explorations Limited, a private company,was incorporated in 1983 by R.A. (Ron) Gilson, the great nephew of Fred Larose, one of the founding fathers of the Historical Cobalt Camp of Ontario, Canada.
		Shirley Gilson, Outcrop’s Secretary-Treasurer-Director was likewise born and raised in the Cobalt Camp.
		In 1983, Outcrop was incorporated under the laws of the Province of Ontario and began exploration and the accumulation of ground in the Cobalt Camp.
	www.outcropx.com (224 words)

	Evidence of Water Found on Mars :: Astrobiology Magazine :: Search for Life in the Universe
		While the outcrop was "definitively" altered by water percolating through it, he said, scientists are still not certain whether water played a role in its initial formation.
		There is speculation among some members of the science team that the entire rock outcrop is a stack of evaporitic salts that were deposited as an ancient sea or lake dried up.
		It the outcrop were, indeed, found to be an evaporitic column, the implication would be far-reaching.
	www.astrobio.net /news/article859.html (1912 words)

	MENZIESIA, Newsletter of the Society - August 2001
		The various conditions which characterize rock outcrops are set up by their topography which might include single or multiple domes, rock pavements, fugitive outcrops (rock just beneath a shallow soil layer) and tumulus or boulders.
		The degree of heterogeneity of the outcrop - its various rock configurations - is thought to control species diversity and to determine the complexity of the ecosystem.
		Diversity on the outcrop appears to be highly controlled by the diversity of the microtopography of the rock - the greater the heterogeneity of the outcrop, the greater the number of distinct microhabitats, plant assemblages and species that will occur in a given area.
	www.npsbc.org /Newsletter/article03.htm (1214 words)

	DL Jennette Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Outcrop analog studies have long served as a benchmark tool to convey geologic relationships of subsurface reservoirs and to improve the modeling of hydrocarbon recovery.
		One limiting feature of outcrop research is that its "language" is analog based, typically relying on cumbersome photomosaics and geologic cross sections.
		Researchers at the BEG are targeting several clastic and carbonate outcrops from a variety of depositional settings for quantitative study.
	www.aapg.org /education/dist_lect/jennette_abs2.cfm (352 words)

	USGS Professional Paper 1151-H: The Geology of Kentucky: Silurian System
		For the purposes of discussion, the outcrop area is separated into three parts: (1) the western outcrop belt, (2) the eastern outcrop belt, and (3) other exposures.
		The total thickness of the Silurian within the outcrop belt ranges from 0 to 300 ft. It is generally thickest at the north and thinnest at the south end.
		Consequently, in the northern part of the outcrop belt a contact was mapped at the top of the dominantly dolomitic lower part of the Silurian section and the unit was labeled "Lower part of Crab Orchard Formation and Brassfield Formation" without specifying the top of the Brassfield.
	pubs.usgs.gov /prof/p1151h/silurian.html (2841 words)

	Soil Survey of Napa County, CA - Rock outcrop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		175-Rock outcrop consists of ridges of igneous bedrock and of outcrops of sandstone and shale in the Blue Ridge area bordering Yolo County.
		Rock outcrop is in areas 1 to 5 acres in size.
		The areas of Rock outcrop and soils are so intermingled that it was not practical to map them separately at the scale used in mapping.
	www.ca.nrcs.usda.gov /mlra02/napa/rockoutcrop.html (291 words)

	The Girl on the Outcrop
		For now the ancient ancestor is bound by his imagination to call this place sacred and eternal, Becauese some supernatural power has intruded to transfigure this commonplace outcrop into an altar for the ritual of placating those divine powers that control human destiny.
		Upon the outcrop, I appear to have stature and worth through the accomplishment of successfully climbing to a great height that the mountain represents.
		The young woman on the outcrop was now reduced and diminished – a mere child.
	www.ecopsychology.org /journal/ezine/girl.html (886 words)

	From Outcrop Observations to Geologic Reservoir Models using ESRI Software
		The outcrop dimensional data can be applied to a broad range of subsurface reservoir problems using the proper stratigraphic and paleogeographic analog and adjusting and normalizing the data based on an understanding of the depositional processes.
		The outcrop dataset allows for the construction of highly deterministic models that can be used as a base case for testing models built from sparse datasets using various stochastic algorithms.
		Outcrop isopach, net sand and channel trend maps are highly deterministic given the three dimensional nature of the outcrop, extensive photo panel coverage and large number of measured sections.
	gis.esri.com /library/userconf/proc02/pap1167/p1167.htm (2301 words)

	CHARACTERIZING FRACTURES IN A BEDROCK OUTCROP USING GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR AT MIRROR LAKE, GRAFTON COUNTY, NEW ...
		The average height of the outcrop is about 6 m above land surface, with the lowest point at land surface, and the highest at 12 m.
		The bedrock outcrop that was used as the location for the GPR surveys is located at the eastern end of the study area.
		The GPR reflection data from the outcrop were processed and displayed in a manner that facilitated the interpretation and identification of continuous reflectors (fig.
	water.usgs.gov /ogw/bgas/outcrop (3172 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Press Release Images: Opportunity
		This image, taken by the microscopic imager on the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, shows a geological region of the rock outcrop at Meridiani Planum, Mars dubbed "El Capitan." The region was in a shadow when the image was acquired.
		This mosaic image, taken by the microscopic imager on the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, shows a portion of the rock outcrop at Meridiani Planum, Mars, dubbed "Guadalupe." Several images, each showing a different part of "Guadalupe" in good focus, were merged to produce this view.
		It was taken while Opportunity was parked at the north end of the outcrop, in front of the rock region dubbed "El Capitan" and facing east.
	marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov /gallery/press/opportunity/20040302a.html (2866 words)

	Outcrop Patterns Involving Inliers and Outliers
		This is exactly the same map used to illustrate outcrop patterns in areas of complex topography.
		There are three possibilities: the outcrops could form two separate loops as shown, the outcrop could enclose the pair of hills in a peanut-shaped curve, or the areas could just barely touch in the saddle to form a figure-8.
		Since the saddle in the left-central part of the map is wide and neatly straddles the structure contour interval, the outcrop is drawn as two separate loops.
	www.uwgb.edu /dutchs/STRUCTGE/SL56Inliers.HTM (763 words)

	CBC News:Opportunity gets up close and personal with a Martian outcrop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		New microscopic images of the outcrop show fine layers a few millimetres thick and grains that appear to have been sandblasted over millions of years.
		The smoothly rounded grains are in the outcrop as well as lying on the soil, where they may have fallen from above.
		As Opportunity "shoots and scoots" across the front of the outcrop with its panoramic camera, NASA will look for key spots where the matrix is exposed and Opportunity can make best use of all its instruments.
	www.cbc.ca /stories/2004/02/09/rovers_040209 (459 words)

	3D Laser 06:2003 EXPLORER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The combination allows outcrop facies to be readily placed into navigable 3-D volumes that can be examined while in the field and then later interpreted on a workstation or PC back in the office.
		The 3-D outcrop volumes are compatible with visualization technology, so in addition to viewing the 3-D imagery on the desktop, scientists can cycle the volumes into the visualization centers scattered throughout the world and be immersed in the outcrop.
		Also, laser intensity data were integrated with outcrop weathering patterns and RGB values from digital photographs to produce a classification scheme that distinguished mudstones from sandstones, and even differentiated sandstones having varying lithic-grain content.
	www.aapg.org /explorer/2003/06jun/3dlasertech.cfm (1404 words)

	Marketing, Communication, Website Design, Graphic Design - Outcrop Communications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Outcrop Group is the most diverse communication and marketing business in Northern Canada, with a track record of quality work and superior graphic design for a range of clients, from small business to blue-chip corporations.
		Outcrop Communications was incorporated in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories and Nunavut in 1975 as an advertising, design and communication agency.
		Outcrop Communications salutes four staff members (and organizers) in the new chapter: Steve Freake, Heidi Held, Jeff Hipfner and Dot Van Vliet.
	www.outcrop.com (932 words)

	GRANITE OUTCROP PLANTS Isoetes melanospora, I. tegetiformans, Amphianthus pusillus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		These outcrops are similar in appearance, but may differ geologically as igneous, quartzitic, gneissic, or porphyritic granite (McVaugh 1943, Wharton 1978).
		In addition, environmental conditions on the remaining outcrops are being modified by cattle eutrophication, littering, trash dumping, fire building, vandalism, and off-road vehicles.
		Since granite outcrops are often enclosed in pastures, grazing animals pose a particular threat through trampling and eutrophication.
	endangered.fws.gov /i/s/sas02-.html (1809 words)

	Building photorealistic virtual outcrop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A photorealistic outcrop is derived through the processing of texture mapping which glues the photograph of that outcrop on the terrain surface.
		The outcrop photographs taken by geologist in the field are generally highly oblique and also subject to camera distortions (such as radial and tangential distortion).
		The outcrop surface could then be lifted so the user can see the associated subsurface geology from wells and geophysics and by projecting the surface data into the subsurface.
	www.utdallas.edu /~xuxue/mail/mail.html (437 words)

	NASA - Mars Rover Scientists Wring Water Story from Rocks
		The outcrop right next to where Opportunity landed holds evidence that the rocks have spent time drenched in liquid water.
		This image, taken by the microscopic imager on Opportunity, illustrates the shapes of the vugs, or small cavities, located on the region dubbed "El Capitan." The region is part of the rock outcrop at Meridiani Planum, Mars, which the rover is currently examining.
		Related clues from that instrument and the miniature thermal emission spectrometer suggest the sulfur is in the form of sulfate salts, an indicator that the rocks were once soaked with water.
	www.nasa.gov /vision/universe/solarsystem/opportunity_water.html (924 words)

	Yukon's Premiere Advertising and Marketing Agency - Outcrop Yukon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In the tradition of the relay race, the team at Outcrop Yukon is dedicated to delivering our clients’ messages, however difficult the challenge and however far the distance.
		The two companies were merged under the Outcrop Yukon name, effective June 1, 2004.
		Outcrop Yukon, 411-C Strickland St. Whitehorse, Yukon Y1A 2K3
	www.outcropyukon.com (124 words)

	Serpentine Outcrop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A TRIP TO A SERPENTINE OUTCROP IN TEXAS
		Serpentine outcrops are interesting geologic formations, often home to unique assemblages of plant species.
		Gillespie County lies in the center of Texas, in the part of the state often refered to as the Edwards Plateau.
	www.csdl.tamu.edu /FLORA/SerpOut/serpen.htm (286 words)

	MYRMEKITE 21 OF 50
		Significantly, the deformed portions of the outcrop are primarily where the plagioclase amphibolite is biotite-rich rather than hornblende rich.
		On close examination of the thin sections of the augen gneiss at outcrop ONE, the rims of the zoned augen consist of sericitized plagioclase grains and sericitized myrmekite whose quartz vermicules are the same size as in myrmekite bordering zoned K-feldspar crystals in outcrop THREE (Fig.
		These outcrops are worthwhile places for students to study and observe what happens in a region affected by small-scale metasomatism.
	www.csun.edu /~vcgeo005/three.htm (2529 words)

	Catalog Page for PIA05163
		This high-resolution image captured by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's panoramic camera highlights the puzzling rock outcropping that scientists are eagerly planning to investigate.
		Presently, Opportunity is on its lander facing northeast; the outcropping lies to the northwest.
		Figure 1 highlights various rock targets within the outcrop lining the inner edge of the small crater where the rover landed.
	photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov /catalog/PIA05163 (130 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Panoramas: Spirit
		The slightly lower outcrop to the left of 'Hillary' is nicknamed 'Tenzing.' The names recall the first humans -- Hillary of New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay of Nepal -- to reach the highest point on Earth, in 1953.
		The rocky outcrops downhill and on the left side of this mosaic include "Larry's Lookout" and "Cumberland Ridge," which Spirit explored in April, May, and June of 2005.
		The bright rocky outcrop near the center of the panorama is part of the "Cumberland Ridge," and beyond that and to the left is the "Tennessee Valley." Spirit's tracks leading back from the "West Spur" region can be seen on the right side of the panorama.
	origin.mars5.jpl.nasa.gov /gallery/panoramas/spirit (7118 words)

	twocreek
		The world-famous and fortuitous Two Creeks Forest Bed outcrop provides a lesson in interpreting glacial stratigraphy, telling an amazing story of ice advance and retreat, lake level rise and fall, forest bed growth and death, lake level rise and fall, ice advance and retreat, and lake level rise and fall.
		Two Creeks Forest Bed outcrop bluff with (from bottom) slump slopes obscuring lower till, a lower lacustrine unit, the Two Creeks Forest Bed with logs, an upper lacustrine unit, and upper till.
		Though minimal trenching is required to expose sedimentologic detail, visitors should respect this outcrop as a "no hammer, shovel, or sampling" outcrop.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~hoaglund/TwoCreek/twocreek.html (1494 words)

	Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Press Releases
		Evidence the rover found in a rock outcrop led scientists to the conclusion.
		The rover found a very high concentration of sulfur in the outcrop with its alpha particle X-ray spectrometer, which identifies chemical elements in a sample.
		Opportunity's observations that the spherules are not concentrated at particular layers in the outcrop weigh against a volcanic or impact origin, but do not completely rule out those origins.
	marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov /newsroom/pressreleases/20040302a.html (816 words)

	Find Outcrop of a Dipping Plane in an Area of Complex Topography
		If we follow the outcrop down opposite sides of each valley, it's obvious that there have to be two stream crossings.
		These may be due to a new ridge or valley crossing the contour, in which case the outcrop band passes through all the points, or to the appearance of an entirely separate outcrop.
		If you cannot connect the two outcrops without crossing a contour--and you can only cross a contour if both structure and topographic contours intersect there--then the two points are not connected.
	www.uwsp.edu /geo/projects/geoweb/participants/dutch/STRUCTGE/SL55CompTopo.HTM (858 words)

	Virtual Outcrops: Geospatial Research Ltd.
		GRL is pioneering innovative methods to construct high-precision virtual outcrop models that serve as detailed analogues for your sub-surface reservoir rocks.
		In addition, virtual outcrop models represent an effective way for the geologist to remember more detail from outcrops they have visited.
		After a field excursion, further analysis is possible by geologists who have a virtual copy of outcrops they have seen in reality.
	www.dur.ac.uk /grl/Services/virtual_outcrop.htm (419 words)

	JPL News -- Minerals in Mars 'Berries' Adds to Water Story
		This microscopic image, taken at the outcrop region dubbed "Berry Bowl" near the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's landing site, shows the sphere-like grains or "blueberries" that fill Berry Bowl.
		The spherules, fancifully called blueberries although they are only the size of BBs and more gray than blue, lie embedded in outcrop rocks and scattered over some areas of soil inside the small crater where Opportunity has been working since it landed nearly two months ago.
		One goal of the survey is to assess distribution of the spherules farther from the outcrop.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /releases/2004/88.cfm (772 words)

	rock_in_outcrop (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The rock material located in surface exposure or outcrop on the earth surface.
		Attribute Flags Data Type identifier U ndt_name The label used to distinguish an item of rock in outcrop.
		N] of (position_on_earth_surface) Specifies various surface locations for this outcrop.
	www.august.com /epicentre/local/rock_in_outcrop.html (79 words)

	Amethyst
		Ferric thiocyanate has been suggested, and sulphur is said to have been detected in the mineral.
		On exposure to heat, amethyst generally becomes yellow, and much of the cairngorm or yellow quartz of jewellery is said to be merely " burnt amethyst." Veins of amethystine quartz are apt to lose their color on the exposed outcrop.
		Amethyst is composed of an irregular superposition of alternate lamellae of right-handed and left-handed quartz.
	www.jewelry-paideia.com /reference/ref-gemstone-amethyst-1.php (500 words)

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