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Topic: Outwash plain

	Outwash plain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An Outwash plain also known as a Sandur, is material from a terminal moraine that has been washed downstream and deposited over a relatively flat surface.
		The material in the outwash plain is often size-sorted by the water runoff of the melting glacier with the finest materials, like silt, being the most distantly re-deposited, whereas, large boulders are the closest to the original terminus of the glacier.
		An outwash plain might contain surface meandering streams that rework the original deposits.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Outwash_plain (162 words)

	outwash plains (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A till plain is behind (towards the direction of retreat) of a moraine, and the outwash plain is in front of the moraine.
		Outwash plains were built over the top of landscapes that had been only recently deglaciated, and hence some ice blocks from that previous ice advance often still lay on the landscape.
		Outwash plains are wide and formed in places where the water flowed out in a relatively unrestriced manner; valley trains are long and narrow and formed in restricted valleys.
	www.geo.msu.edu /geo333/outwash_plains.html (907 words)

	Glacial Cape Cod, Geologic History of Cape Cod by Robert N. Oldale
		The deposits in the ice proximal part of the outwash plain were deposited atop the glacial terminus, and when the ice melted away, these (Fig.
		The outwash plains on the upper Cape were formed in glacial lakes that occupied Nantucket Sound and Vineyard Sound, and those on the lower Cape were formed in a lake that occupied Cape Cod Bay.
		Pamet River Valley in Truro is cut into the Wellfleet outwash plain and completely crosses lower Cape from Cape Cod Bay to the Atlantic and is thought to have formed when a headward eroding spring sapping valley intersected the glacial lake to east of lower Cape Cod and caused the lake to drain catastrophically.
	pubs.usgs.gov /gip/capecod/glacial.html (2790 words)

	NSSH Part 629 - Glossary, N-R \| NRCS Soils (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		An outwash plain is commonly smooth; where pitted, due to melt-out of incorporated ice masses (pitted outwash plain), it is generally low in relief and largely retains it's original gradient.
		SW and HP outwash terrace - A flat-topped bank of outwash with an abrupt outer face (scarp or riser) extending along a valley downstream from an outwash plain or terminal moraine; a valley train deposit.
		A plain may be forested or bare of trees and may be formed by deposition or erosion.
	soils.usda.gov /technical/handbook/contents/part629glossary4.html (6313 words)

	St. Croix moraines & outwash plains - Ecological Classification System: Minnesota DNR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The south boundary consists of the southern edge of the Rosemount Outwash Plain.
		Although it is topographically low in comparison to other areas in the state, this unit is dominated by a large moraine and areas of outwash plain.
		South of this moraine is a series of outwash plains associated with the Superior Lobe.
	www.dnr.state.mn.us /ecs/broadleaf/ecs_s.html (631 words)

	Anoka Sand Plain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is dominated by a flat, sandy lake plain, with sandy terraces along the Mississippi River (Figure 8.8.1a).
		In addition to the outwash substrates, an end moraine is situated in the center of the subsection (Figure 8.8.2.a).
		Moraines, in adjacent subsections, surround the outwash plain.
	www.mnmodel.dot.state.mn.us /chapters/anok.htm (2764 words)

	NPS: Nature & Science» Geology Resources Division (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The lake was dammed to the north by the Cape Cod Bay Lobe, to the east by the South Channel Lobe, to the west by the Buzzards Bay Lobe, and to the south by the moraine and outwash plain deposits of Cape Cod (Figure 2.2).
		Outwash plain surfaces are commonly pocked and pitted by kettle holes (e.g., the Wellfleet pitted outwash plain).
		Outwash plain deposits, which are commonly pocked and pitted by kettle holes (e.g., the Wellfleet pitted outwash plain), are the major geologic feature of the lower Cape.
	www2.nature.nps.gov /geology/parks/caco (3975 words)

	Glacial Geology glossary
		Kettle: Forms when an isolated block of ice persists in a ground moraine, and outwash plain, or valley floor after a glacier retreats; as the block melts, it leaves behind a steep-sided hole that is filled with water.
		Outwash: Meltwater-deposited sediment, dominantly sand and gravel, showing increasing rounding and sorting into layers with increasing distance from the ice margin.
		Outwash Plain: A plain of glaciofluvial deposits of stratified drift from meltwater-fed, braided, and overloaded streams beyond a glacier’s morainal deposits.
	www.homepage.montana.edu /~geol445/hyperglac/glossary.htm (2573 words)

	ES 331/767 Lecture 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This plain was innudated in 1918 by a jökulhlaup flood during the eruption of Katla volcano beneath Mýrdalsjökull ice cap (visible in distance).
		The plain between the ice margin and the terminal moraine is a fluted ground moraine with small drumlins; the plain is locally dissected by rain/melt-water channels.
		The push moraines consist of stacked slabs of outwash gravel and till that are partly covered by and interlayered with slump and slide sediments derived from the ice surface.
	academic.emporia.edu /aberjame/ice/lec07/lec7.htm (2532 words)

	Log Book for February 12, 2002
		Sandstone samples collected from rocks strewn about in outwash plain as imaged in outwashplain1(wp11).jpg (note the uniform directionality of the rocks, especially the row of rocks near the rock hammer) and outwashplain2(wp11).jpg (also shows the directionality of the rocks).
		Below this phenomenal sedimentary outcrop was an outwash plain with a collection of the red sandstone rock fragments strewn across a bed of white sand.
		The terrain is slightly undulating and is composed of a bed of red clay littered with boulders to the west.
	www.marssociety.org /mdrs/fs01/0212/geo.asp (2379 words)

	Tom Vaughn
		Outwash plains - Flat and gently-sloping plains underlain by meltwater stream deposits built beyond the margins of glaciers.
		Locate and label the outwash plain which is located to the south and east of these moraines between the 0 and 20 meter contours.
		Outwash plains and kame or kettle terrain younger than the adjacent moraine.
	www.msp.umb.edu /TomVLesson.html (1768 words)

	GEO_PLATE_G-22.HTML (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		An outwash plain is defined as "a broad, gently sloping sheet of outwash deposited by meltwater streams flowing in front of or beyond a glacier, and formed by coalescing outwash fans" (Bates and Jackson, 1980).
		A synonym for outwash plain is sandur, an Icelandic loanword meaning the broad plain formed by the deposition of glacially derived sediments in front of the margin of a glacier.
		Glacial outwash plains along a coast usually have a very gentle slope from the terminus of the glacier down-valley or across a coastal plain to the sea, although the upper part can be relatively steep where the outwash material is much coarser.
	daac.gsfc.nasa.gov /geomorphology/GEO_9/GEO_PLATE_G-22.HTML (862 words)

	Regional Landscape
		The remaining eastern quarter of the subsection is rolling and undulating moraine and pitted outwash, with a narrow band of lacustrine sands at the extreme eastern edge.
		A broad outwash plain is located in the center, generally along the east side of the Wisconsin River, and bordering the western edge of the pitted outwash and moraine.
		West of the outwash plain was a broad expanse of sand lake plain, which had both poorly drained sands and excessively drained sands.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/habitat/rlandscp/sub5-1.htm (748 words)

	Geologic History and Geomorphology - GIS - Otter Tail County Minnesota
		The geomorphic landforms in Otter Tail County are drumlin fields, stagnation moraines, till plains, pitted outwash plains, kame moraines, and glacial lake plains (Hobbs and Goebel, 1982).
		The Henning Till Plain was formed behind the advancing front of the glacial ice of the Wadena or Winnipeg Lobe and the Des Moines Lobe.
		The areas of the Detroit Lakes Pitted Outwash Plain adjacent to the Alexandria Moraine are described as kame moraines in the county.
	www.co.otter-tail.mn.us /gis/soilsurvey07geologic.php (1228 words)

	NYC Regional Geology
		In New Jersey, the plain is subdivided into three sub provinces: the Inner Lowland (encompassing the low, broad valley along the Delaware River estuary), the Outer Lowland (along the southern New Jersey shore), and the Central Upland (encompassing an area of relatively low relief).
		In a geologic perspective, the coastal plain is continuous with the shallow continental shelf extending from the shoreline seaward to the break in slope along the outer continental shelf.
		This process is driven by several factors: 1) the continued cooling and condensing of the new crust beneath the margin of the continent; 2) the gradual isostatic readjustment of the crust to the additional weight of sedimentary deposits accumulating on the margin; and 3) the gradual dewatering and porosity reduction of the sediments.
	3dparks.wr.usgs.gov /nyc/coastalplain/coastalplain.htm (2375 words)

	Regional Landscape (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Small areas of end moraine and ground moraine (till plain) are scattered throughout the outwash plain.
		The drumlins, which are commonly separated by narrow outwash deposits, are low and broad; slopes are almost exclusively in the 0 to 6 percent slope class.
		The prairies were located on the broadest expanses of well-drained outwash plain, where neither steep topography nor streams formed barriers to fire.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/1998/rlandscp/s6-2-1.htm (742 words)

	Glacial Cape Cod, Geologic History of Cape Cod by Robert N. Oldale, Text Only
		They are made up of sand and gravel deposited by meltwater streams that flowed across the plain in a braided pattern This resulted in a broad flat depositional surface that sloped gently away from the ice front.
		The deposits in the ice proximal part of the outwash plain were deposited atop the glacial terminus, and when the ice melted away, these deposits collapsed to form an irregular surface that sloped steeply in an up-ice direction.
		A kame is a knoll or hill composed of outwash deposits, which originally filled a hole in the ice.When the ice melted away, the deposits collapsed to form a hill.
	pubs.usgs.gov /gip/capecod/textglacial.html (2754 words)

	HYDROLOGY OF PRAIRIE POTHOLES IN NORTH DAKOTA - C
		Outwash consists largely of sand and gravel and has sorting and stratification that is characteristic of stream-laid deposits.
		Outwash deposits, very coarse and bouldery near the source of melt-water discharge, grade into finer gravel and sand with increasing distance from the source.
		Outwash deposits, frequently confined to melt-water discharge channels, are less commonly in broad areas such as the sand plain in Kidder County, N. Dak. Surficial outwash may reach thicknesses as great as a few hundred feet but is generally much thinner.
	www.lib.ndsu.nodak.edu /govdocs/text/potholes/585c.html (10796 words)

	Laurentian highlands - Ecological Classification System: Minnesota DNR (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The subsection is bounded on the east by the Lake Superior Highlands, on the north by mixed outwash and till plain and the Giants Range.
		To the west, the Upham Lake Plain and the Mille Lacs Moraines are the boundaries.
		Between the drumlins are narrow to broad depressions with very poorly drained soils.Almost 90% of the soils in the outwash plain are excessively drained sands; the remainder are very poorly drained.
	www.dnr.state.mn.us /ecs/laurentian/ecs_k.html (683 words)

	corey (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Outwash plains contain outwash sand and gravel also laid during late Wisconsin glacial advances and retreats.
		Outwash sand and gravel occurs in outwash plains in northwestern Michigan.
		Grand Traverse and Leelanau counties each have one course that is on Outwash plains.
	www.geo.msu.edu /geo333/corey.html (1156 words)

	General Geology of Barnstable County, Massachusetts
		All outwash plains on Cape Cod are incomplete formations in that their downstream ends have been washed away by marine erosion.
		The surface of the outwash plains in Barnstable County is interrupted by kettle holes that were originally the sites of ice blocks buried by outwash deposits.
		The outwash plains are cut by valleys that are dry in all but their lower reaches, which are drowned by the sea.
	nesoil.com /barnstable/barngeology.htm (1463 words)

	St. Croix Moraines & Outwash Plains (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The south border is based on the interface between outwash plains on the north and northern extent of the pre-Wisconsin drift deposits (Dan Hanson, personal communication 1997).
		The St. Croix Moraines and Outwash Plains Subsection consists of the Superior Lobe end moraine complex, which cuts a swath from the southwest to the northeast (Figure 8.25.2.a).
		A series of outwash plains occupy the extreme north, the extreme south, and the center of the subsection.
	www.mnmodel.dot.state.mn.us /chapters/twch.htm (2396 words)

	Physiography, Relief, and Drainage - GIS - Otter Tail County Minnesota
		These are the stagnation moraines, till plains, Wadena Drumlin Field, pitted outwash plains, and Glacial Lake Agassiz Lake Plain.
		The Detroit Lakes Pitted Outwash Plain in the central part of the county and along the meltwater channel of the Pelican River and the Park Rapids- Staples Outwash Plain in the southeast corner of the county make up 40 percent of the county.
		The topography of the outwash plain areas is nearly level to hilly and has low or moderate relief.
	www.co.otter-tail.mn.us /gis/soilsurvey06relief.php (647 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The clay soils of the lake plain are deeply eroded by rivers and creeks.
		To the west of the clay plain is an 80' rise to a sandy outwash plain known as the Raco Plain.
		North of the Raco Plain, near the Lake Superior shore, are end moraine ridges dominated by northern hardwood forests of red maple, sugar maple, beech and hemlock.
	southport.jpl.nasa.gov /cdrom/sirced03/cdrom/DATA/LOCATION/NAMERICA/RACO/PRESIRC/MORESITX.TXT (680 words)

	CEN 514 Class Notes
		North of the Hempstead Outwash Plain is the Ronkonkoma Terminal Moraine.
		The Dwarf Pine Plains is a biological response to drought.
		The type locality of the Terryville Outwash Plain is near the South Setauket Pine Barrens, which are underlain by glaciofluvial deposits.
	www.eserc.stonybrook.edu /cen514/fall1997/970925.html (1024 words)

	Prescribed Burning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This water rose around the newly created landforms on the edges of the coastal plain and flooded all but the highest of the moraines and outwash plains.
		The weight of huge, melting blocks of ice left imbedded in the till and outwash formed depressions called kettleholes, which are scattered throughout the island.
		The movement of glacial meltwaters down the slope of the outwash plain to the sea formed numerous north-south oriented depressions, or glacial river valleys.
	www.nantucketconservation.com /info_files/habitats/beachesf.html (623 words)

	USGS Open-File Report 99-559, Stratigraphic Framework Maps of the Nearshore Area of Southern Long Island from Fire ...
		The associated outwash is comprised of sand-to-boulder deposits south of the moraines.
		East of Shinnecock Inlet, the Coastal Plain unconformity is less distinct or not resolved on the subbottom profiles due to its relatively low angle to the Coastal Plain strata.
		The elevation of the Coastal Plain unconformity (Fig.
	pubs.usgs.gov /of/1999/of99-559/report.htm (3704 words)

	Measurement, Correlation and Mapping of Glacial Lake Algonquin Shorelines in Northern Michigan
		Above the outwash are several meters of till that is remarkably similar in texture to the outwash below; thus, the region is best described as an incised ground moraine.
		Much of the glacial outwash in the Fingers is probably associated with a stagnant, early Woodfordian ice margin, implying that this interlobate area remained ice-free and ice-marginal for long periods during stage 2.
		Small stream valleys on the outwash surface were palimpsested onto the till surface as the ice retreated, as kettle chains and as dry, upland valleys.
	www.geo.msu.edu /qlrg/Schaetzl43.htm (402 words)

	Glacial Geomorphology of Long Island (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Outwash channels from tunnel valleys that disgorged along the front of the Harbor Hill Moraine extend southward and cross-cut the Ronkonkoma Moraine.
		A Ronkonkoma outwash plain is present to the south of the moraine and is moderately elevated relative to the north side of the moraine, particularly along the South Fork.
		Deposition of the Ronkonkoma Moraine and outwash plain was followed by recession of the ice sheet to the position of the Roanoke Point Moraine.
	pbisotopes.ess.sunysb.edu /lig/Conferences/abstracts-03/bennington (2890 words)

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