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Topic: Oxygen poisoning

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oxygen toxicity

liquid oxygen

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy

oxygen depletion

biochemical oxygen demand

Oxygen first aid

chemical oxygen demand

Oxygen burning process

carbon nitrogen oxygen cycle

Winkler test for dissolved oxygen

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

oxygen tank

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	Carbon Monoxide Poisoning -- Topic Overview
		Carbon monoxide poisoning develops when you inhale enough carbon monoxide for it to begin to replace the oxygen that is carried in the blood.
		Carbon monoxide poisoning is caused by inhaling carbon monoxide.
		There are two kinds of oxygen therapy: 100% oxygen therapy, in which oxygen is delivered through a tight-fitting mask; and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, in which oxygen is delivered in a full-body chamber under pressure to remove the carbon monoxide faster.
	www.webmd.com /hw/health_guide_atoz/hw193733.asp?printing=true (657 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Carbon monoxide poisoning
		The acute symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are reflected in the susceptibility of the brain and heart to hypoxia (table 1: not shown).
		Pulse oximetry is unreliable because it grossly overestimates oxygen saturation in the presence of COHb (20).
		Arterial blood gas analysis measures dissolved oxygen and thus overestimates the true oxygen saturation of hemoglobin; however, it may still be useful to confirm lactic acidosis, which is a marker of prolonged, serious exposure to carbon monoxide (8).
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/1999/01_99/tomaszewski.htm (3359 words)

	Antidotes for Poisoning by Cyanide
		2.5.4 The saturation of haemoglobin by oxygen The degree of saturation of haemoglobin by oxygen (HbO
		Oxygen shifted the dose-response curve of brain cytochrome oxidase inhibition by KCN to the right: the dose of KCN producing 50% inhibition was 24 mg/kg in air-breathing animals and 55 mg/kg in animals breathing oxygen.
		Necrotizing bronchiolitis in mice exposed to 100% oxygen.
	www.inchem.org /documents/antidote/antidote/ant02.htm (13403 words)

	Oxygen Poisoning
		Ordinary air is 21% oxygen at 1 ATM, or sea level with a pressure of 3.09 psi (Dalton's Law 21% of 14.7 = 3.09).
		Oxygen poisoning will never be a hindrance to a diver who dives within the 130 feet limit.
		However with Nitrox the incidence of oxygen poisoning is increasing.
	www.rescuediver.org /med/o2-pos.htm (241 words)

	Carbon monoxide poisoning - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When carbon monoxide is inhaled, it takes the place of oxygen in haemoglobin, the red blood pigment that normally carries oxygen to all parts of the body.
		Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin (reducing oxygen transportation), myoglobin (decreasing its oxygen storage capacity), and mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (inhibiting cellular respiration).
		This situation is described as CO shifting the oxygen dissociation curve to the left.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Carbon_monoxide_poisoning (2929 words)

	Howstuffworks "Is it harmful to breathe 100-percent oxygen?"
		Because the oxygen concentration is high in the air and low in the blood entering the pulmonary capillary, oxygen flows or diffuses from the air into the blood.
		This damage was probably caused by a highly reactive form of the oxygen molecule called the oxygen free radical, which destroyed proteins and membranes in the epithelial cells.
		Such high oxygen pressures can be experienced by military SCUBA divers using rebreathing devices, divers being treated for the bends in hyperbaric chambers or patients being treated for acute carbon monoxide poisoning.
	science.howstuffworks.com /question493.htm (671 words)

	Oxygen toxicity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Oxygen toxicity or oxygen toxicity syndrome (also known as the "Paul Bert effect") is severe hyperoxia caused by breathing oxygen at elevated partial pressures.
		The precise mechanism(s) of the damage are not known, but oxygen gas is a natural free radical with a propensity to react with metals to form superoxide which may attack double bonds in many organic systems, including the unsaturated fatty acid residues in cells.
		Oxygen may be a contributing factor for the disorder called retinopathy of prematurity.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oxygen_toxicity (948 words)

	Oxygen Poisoning
		Oxygen attacked many of life's molecules, combining with them, changing their structure and giving out carbon dioxide and heat.
		The new oxygen slowly burnt the proteins and chromosomes inside the bacteria and most of them died in the Great Oxygen Poisoning, but not all.
		Some anaerobes hid away in places where there was no oxygen, such as in the mud at the bottom of swamps.
	www.historyoftheuniverse.com /oxygpois.html (260 words)

	Carbon monoxide poisoning and treatment with hyperbaric oxygen in the subacute phase -- Coric et al. 65 (2): 245 -- ...
		Carbon monoxide poisoning and treatment with hyperbaric oxygen in the subacute phase -- Coric et al.
		Carbon monoxide poisoning and treatment with hyperbaric oxygen in the subacute phase
		Carbon monoxide exposure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality secondary to poisoning.
	jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/65/2/245 (1474 words)

	Insecticide poisoning
		Insecticide poisoning is exposure to a group of chemicals designed to eradicate insects that cause affected persons to develop clinical signs that can progress to death.
		Poisoning can occur with a broad range of symptoms affecting the functioning of nerves and initial symptoms similar to the flu such as vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, and headache.
		Paraquat poisoning releases oxygen free radicals that destroy lung and kidney tissues.
	www.healthatoz.com /healthatoz/Atoz/ency/insecticide_poisoning.jsp (730 words)

	New first-aid method could prevent brain damage in patients exposed to carbon monoxide
		Researchers then monitored the amount of oxygen in the blood and the blood flow to the brain during exposure to carbon monoxide and during the test treatments.
		During the standard treatment with 100% oxygen, the flow of blood to the brain diminished, decreasing oxygen delivery to the brain.
		Although clinical studies need to be completed before recommending a change in the first-aid treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning, the results of this study suggest that simply maintaining carbon dioxide levels during treatment will result in more oxygen delivery to the brain, thereby decreasing the risk of permanent brain damage in severely poisoned patients.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-12/uot-nfm120302.php (876 words)

	NASA - News Release
		Fundamentally, the oxygen in the air is a byproduct of photosynthesis.
		But microbes that make oxygen in photosynthesis were living on Earth at least a half-billion years before oxygen first flooded the atmosphere.
		For oxygen to stay in the atmosphere, the hydrogen and oxygen (or the organic matter made from the hydrogen) must be kept apart.
	www.nasa.gov /centers/ames/news/releases/2001/01_54AR.html (819 words)

	Protocol for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
		When first trying 100% oxygen, patients should be monitored closely by their physician for sudden or dramatic changes in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure and any reports of adverse effects associated with oxygen toxicity (especially any respiratory, neurologic or sensory complaints).
		Since the oxygen carried by red blood cells must first dissolve in plasma before it can diffuse to the tissue cells, however, a doubling of [arterial] blood PO2 [or a halving of the venous PO2] means that the rate of oxygen diffusion to the tissues would double under these conditions.
		Oxygen concentrators that reach 90% O2 at 6 liters per minute–sufficient for this protocol--can be bought new for $1000 to $2000 or used from MCS RandR for $500 (refurbished by factory certified technicians with a full 3-year warranty, call 410-889-6666 for details).
	www.mcsrr.org /resources/articles/P11.html (6751 words)

	Carbon monoxide poisoning definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Carbon monoxide poisoning: Poisoning with carbon monoxide, a tasteless odorless gas that is a byproduct of combustion.
		Carbon monoxide acts as a poison by competing with oxygen for binding sites on hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the more remote tissues of the body and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.
		For severe carbon monoxide poisoning, a pressure chamber may be used to achieve higher doses of oxygen.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=10775 (376 words)

	Treatments for Carbon Monoxide Poisoning : Silent Shadow
		Sometime, mechanical ventilation is required with 100% oxygen therapy, and this entails having a tube inserted in to the windpipe.
		The second type of oxygen therapy is hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and this is where the oxygen is administered in an enclosed chamber.
		Because this form of oxygen therapy works quickly to reduce CO levels in the blood, it is used in more chronic cases of carbon monoxide poisoning and can reduce the risks of permanent damage.
	www.silentshadow.org /treatments-for-carbon-monoxide-poisoning.html (494 words)

	Oxygen Toxicity
		The effects of oxygen are increased at depth so that the maximum PO2 in diving is 1.6 ATA, and this is achieved at 218 fsw breathing air, 132 fsw breathing 32% O2, and 20 fsw breathing 100% O2.
		Convulsion at depth in water usually results in drowning or arterial gas embolism and is prevented by not using oxygen breathing with SCUBA and by limiting oxygen exposure with hyperbaric oxygen therapy 100% O2 greater than 60 FSW.
		Damaging or toxic effects of oxygen therapy likely are related to the unbridled formation and release of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide.
	www.scuba-doc.com /oxygentox.html (835 words)

	Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: How To Prevent - Healthy Living: Living a healthy lifestyle for disease prevention on ...
		CO is a deadly poison because it competes with oxygen for binding sites on hemoglobin, the life-giving molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
		An important distinction from the flu is that fever is not present with CO poisoning.
		The treatment for CO poisoning is oxygen, usually with a facemask.
	www.medicinenet.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=46218 (554 words)

	All about Oxygen
		Carbon monoxide causes tissue ischemia by avidly binding to hemoglobin and displacing oxygen.
		Conventional pulse oximetery overestimates the true saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen, and, in addition to reduced oxygen delivery to tissues, CO binds to cellular proteins and causes tissue hypoxemia.
		The role of hyperbaric oxygen in carbon monoxide, cyanide and sulfide intoxication.
	www.ccmtutorials.com /rs/oxygen/page15.htm (276 words)

	Carbon monoxide poisoning: normobaric oxygen was more effective and safer than hyperbaric oxygen.
		Patients with carbon monoxide poisoning who received normobaric 100% oxygen compared with hyperbaric 100% oxygen were less likely to have continued mental retardation requiring further treatment after three sessions (NNT = 8 at unknown).
		Patients given normobaric oxygen were less likely to have delayed neurological sequelae (NNT = 21 at 30 days) and were not clearly more likely to die than patients given hyperbaric oxygen.
		Severe CO poisoning was defined as mini-mental score 24 or less, COHb level >30%, confusion, focal neurological deficits, loss of consciousness, ECG abnormalities, arrhythmias, pulmonary oedema, metabolic acidosis, hypotension, convulsions and cardiac arrest.
	www.eboncall.org /CATs/2084.htm (380 words)

	TIME.com: Too Much Oxygen -- Jun. 30, 1947 -- Page 1
		Oxygen is essential to life, but it appears that the human body can stand just so much of it (not so much as biologists once supposed).
		With oxygen poisoning, the victim grows pale, feels as if he were choking, has attacks of nausea, is alternately exhilarated or depressed, has hallucinations (flashes of light, halos around everything, sounds as of bells and knocking).
		For some unknown reason, people are more vulnerable to oxygen poisoning under water than under the same pressure in a pressure chamber.
	www.time.com /time/magazine/article/0,9171,854754,00.html (737 words)

	Oxygen
		Signs and symptoms of CNS Oxygen Toxicity may be any of the following --- visual disturbances, ringing in the ears, nausea, muscular twitching, irritability, dizziness, and convulsions.
		Signs and symptoms of Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity may be any of the following --- shortness of breath, dry coughing, lung irritation, a burning sensation in the breathing cycle, and a reduction in lung vital capacity.
		Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity is normally not a problem for technical divers because the dose/time levels required are much higher than those experienced on technical dives.
	www.americandivecenter.com /deep/preview/pd03.htm (399 words)

	Bibliography: Oxygen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Oxygen: Is It A Miracle Drug For Divers, Ocean Realm, Fall, 1986, 13-16.
		Oxygen Toxicity And Its Prevention In The Saturation Diving Associated With Project Flare, in J. Banbury (Ed.) PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH ANNUAL SEMINAR ON CAVE DIVING, NACD, Miami FL.
		The Use of Oxygen In Decompression, in I. Nashimoto and E. Lanphier (Eds.) DECOMPRESSION IN SURFACE-BASED DIVING, UHMS, Bethesda, MD. 1987, 13-19.
	home.earthlink.net /~divegeeked/biblios/oxygen.htm (2247 words)

	New First-Aid Method Could Prevent Brain Damage After Carbon Monoxide Exposure
		TORONTO, ON -- December 3, 2002 -- A new first-aid method of treating carbon monoxide poisoning could prevent brain damage in patients by delivering more oxygen to the brain than the standard treatment, according to a study by physicians at the Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network (UHN).
		· During the standard treatment with 100% oxygen, the flow of blood to the brain diminished, decreasing oxygen delivery to the brain.
		· Although clinical studies need to be completed before recommending a change in the first-aid treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning, the results of this study suggest that simply maintaining carbon dioxide levels during treatment will result in more oxygen delivery to the brain, thereby decreasing the risk of permanent brain damage in severely poisoned patients.
	www.docguide.com /dg.nsf/PrintPrint/877E32BC1212B2E085256C84006E1A99 (985 words)

	Carbon Monoxide Poisoning \| AHealthyMe.com
		You are here: Home > Health A to Z > Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
		Hemoglobin that is bound to carbon monoxide instead of oxygen.
		A molecule that normally binds to oxygen in order to carry it to our cells, where it is required for life.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100586571 (1427 words)

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