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	Pieter Willem Botha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pieter Willem Botha, (born January 12, 1916) commonly known as "P.W." and "die ou krokodil" (the old crocodile) was Prime Minister of South Africa from 1978 to 1984 and State President from 1984 to 1989.
		Botha was a long-time supporter of South Africa's National Party and a staunch advocate of racial segregation and the apartheid system.
		Botha opposed many of F W de Klerk's reforms, and refused to testify at the Mandela government's Truth and Reconciliation Commission for exposing apartheid-era crimes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pieter_Willem_Botha (503 words)

	Encyclopedia: P.W. Botha
		Pieter Willem Botha, (born January 12, 1916) commonly known as "P.W." and as "die groot krokodil" (the great crocodile) was Prime Minister of South Africa from 1978 to 1984 and State President of South Africa from 1984 to 1989.
		Botha was a longtime supporter of South Africa's National Party and a staunch advocate of racial segregation and the apartheid system.
		Botha opposed many of de Klerk's reforms, and refused to testify at the Mandela government's Truth and Reconciliation Commission for exposing apartheid-era crimes.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/P.W.-Botha (492 words)

	Pik Botha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In December 1988 Pik Botha flew to Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo with Magnus Malan, Defence Minister, and signed a peace protocol with Denis Sassou-Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo, and with Angolan and Cuban signatories.
		Botha served as Minister of Mineral and Energy Affairs in South Africa's first democratically elected government from 1994 to 1996 under the leadership of Nelson Mandela.
		Botha served as deputy leader of the National Party in the Transvaal from 1987 to 1996.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pik_Botha (584 words)

	Pieter Willem Botha -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Botha was a longtime supporter of South Africa's (Click link for more info and facts about National Party) National Party and a staunch advocate of racial segregation and the (A social policy or racial segregation involving political and economic and legal discrimination against non-whites; the former official policy in South Africa) apartheid system.
		Botha opposed many of de Klerk's reforms, and refused to testify at the Mandela government's (Click link for more info and facts about Truth and Reconciliation Commission) Truth and Reconciliation Commission for exposing apartheid-era crimes.
		Botha was not related to contemporary National Party politician (Click link for more info and facts about Roelof Frederik "Pik" Botha) Roelof Frederik "Pik" Botha, who served as foreign minister.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pi/pieter_willem_botha.htm (449 words)

	Pieter Willem Botha
		Botha was a member of the African National Congress, Botha believed in apartheid.
		At this juncture of P.W.’s political career, Botha was elected by the citizens of South Africa to be spokesman for the republic of the southern part of the African continent.
		Botha has replied to the subpoena stating that, "my government was fighting a communist-backed insurgency in the 1980’s and I have nothing for which to apologize." Botha will go down in history known as the "Great Crocodile," for his aggressiveness against fl liberation (Philadelphia Inquirer and Baltimore Sun 1).
	www.ccds.charlotte.nc.us /History/Africa/02/strum/strum.htm (999 words)

	Andrew Maykuth Online \| maykuth.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Botha's cousin, Gertjie Smit, 78, who played with P.W. as a child, said it does not surprise him that Botha is not revered in Paul Roux, which was named for an Afrikaner general in the Anglo-Boer War.
		And yet Botha was no saint to those Afrikaners who supported a democratic solution, for he failed to deliver on his claim as a ``great reformer" and instead assumed nearly dictatorial powers, setting up a parallel government ruled by a council of police and army commanders.
		Botha gave written answers to the truth commission and has met Archbishop Tutu, but said he defied subpoenas to appear in person because the commission process is a sham.
	www.maykuth.com /Africa/pw122.htm (1273 words)

	CNN - Botha ignores 3rd subpoena from truth commission - December 19, 1997
		Botha's lawyer helped spare Botha from being immediately arrested when he assured authorities his client would appear before judicial authorities if summoned.
		The first time Botha was subpoenaed, he complained that he had just undergone hip surgery and agreed instead to respond to written questions.
		Botha has ignored personal appeals from Tutu and from President Nelson Mandela, who said recently he had spoken to Botha's children and to his church, asking them to help prevent his humiliation.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9712/19/s.africa.botha (605 words)

	Botha, Pieter Willem on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Botha gained prominence as minister of defense (1966-80) and became prime minister in 1978.
		He initiated limited reform of apartheid policies, establishing a new constitution that provided legislative chambers for whites, Coloureds, and Asians (but excluded the fl majority); under it, he became executive president in 1984.
		His 1998 contempt conviction for refusing to testify before the Truth Commission regarding apartheid-era crimes was overturned by an appeals court.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/B/Botha-P1i.asp (358 words)

	BBC News \| World \| P W Botha defies Truth Commission
		The attorney general ruled that a subpoena served against Mr Botha was invalid because of a technical error.
		He said it was to promote the healing of the nation and it was important for Mr Botha to assist in that process.
		In response, Mr Botha imposed a state of emergency, and thousands of people were detained.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/37169.stm (390 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Botha to lift martial law South African President P. Botha announced to a specially-convened session of the white, Indian and col- ored chambers of parliament on Tuesday that the state of emergency in effect throughout large areas of his country would be lifted soon.
		Although Botha said that the sit- uation had improved enough to lift the state of emergen- cy, there has been little slackening in violence, with an es- timated 200 people killed so far this year, including 23 in a few days of rioting in Alexandra township alone.
		Botha expected the end of emergency law would help pull the nation out of crisis and lead to negotiations about the future.
	www-tech.mit.edu /archives/VOL_106/TECH_V106_S0152_P003.txt (890 words)

	BBC News \| Despatches \| Tutu appeals to P.W. Botha
		The court hearing in George ended this week as it had begun with a composed and resolute P.W. Botha sitting listening to evidence alleging that he not only knew of state-sponsored assassinations and killings under his government but that he also did nothing to stop them.
		The Truth and Reconciliation Commission had wanted to ask Mr Botha in private the extent to which he was aware of these activities.
		Mr Botha's defence lawyers have sought to discredit the Truth and Reconciliation Commission alleging that it is biased and badly organised.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/despatches/107677.stm (229 words)

	National Review: Pay some attention to Botha - P.W. Botha - editorial
		RECENTLY, President P. Botha of South Africa affirmed his belief that fl leaders should be included in the electoral college that chooses the president: "I agree that fl leaders should also be part of the electoral college.
		The state president becomes their state president, and it is not right that we tell them that he is the state president." He also called for reforms that would enable fls to serve in the national cabinet.
		Botha also specified the need for structural changes, involving "political participation for fls inside the republic.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1282/is_n12_v40/ai_6794653 (300 words)

	P. W. Botha -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		July 29, 2000, Bloemfontein, S.Af.), was the pragmatic minister of justice, police, and prisons (1980–94) under South African presidents P.W. Botha and F.W. de Klerk.
		They hardly resemble the form of the P sign which was developed in about 1000 BC in Byblos and other Phoenician and Canaanite centers (3).
		The letter W is a descendant of the letter V. This letter did not come into existence until after the Norman Conquest of England in 1066.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9015858?tocId=9015858 (689 words)

	O R Tambo - 1984 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Thatcher, Chancellor Kohl and other heads of government in Western Europe to invite P.W. Botha to visit a number of Western European countries is an insult to the people of Africa and Europe alike.
		He represents the white minority racist regime, which is only able to maintain power by the ruthless repression of our people and by exporting its policies of terror and racial tyranny into all the neighbouring states of the region.
		The purpose of P.W. Botha's visit to several European countries as head of the apartheid system - which has been declared by the United Nations to be a crime against humanity - is to enable South Africa to break out of its international isolation and to confer respectability on the Pretoria regime.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/history/or/or84-5.html (487 words)

	BBC News \| World \| P W Botha in battle of wills with Truth Commission
		The former South African president P W Botha has ignored a third subpoena demanding that he appears before South Africa's Truth Commission.
		The TRC still hopes to persuade Mr Botha to turn up: "We are giving him another opportunity to think again," said the deputy chairman Alex Boraine.
		The Western Cape Attorney, General Frank Khan, warned that unless P W Botha testifies on December 19 prosecutors will be "fearless" in their pursuit of him.
	news2.thdo.bbc.co.uk /1/low/world/37357.stm (444 words)

	PR - 19 Nov 97 - SUBPOENA TO BE DELIVERED TO MR P W BOTHA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The TRC received a telephone call this morning from Mr E J V Penzhorn, who acts for Mr P W Botha, informing us that he, Mr Penzhorn, was leaving for Zambia and therefore the subpoena could not be served on Mr Botha through himself.
		We informed Mr Penzhorn that we could quite easily serve the subpoena on someone in his office in Pretoria, but he said that he was not sure that this was acceptable and that he would be in touch with Mr P W Botha.
		This is in stark contrast to previous arrangements where the initial subpoena for Mr Botha was served on Mr Penzhorn's office in Pretoria.
	www.doj.gov.za /trc/pr/1997/p971119a.htm (293 words)

	6 February 1979 - P W Botha offers to resign
		Prime Minister P W Botha's offers to resign amid speculation regarding his involvement in the Information Scandal of 1978, following a motion tabled in Parliament by opposition parties.
		He sets the condition that his accusers must prove that either he, or a member of his Cabinet, was aware of activities relating to the Information Scandal.
		This comes after it is discovered that the Ministry of Defence budget, of which Botha was the Minister at the time, was used to fund covert operations.
	www.sahistory.org.za /pages/chronology/thisday/1979-02-06.htm (133 words)

	Pieter Willem Botha
		Botha, Pieter Willem, 1916–, South African political leader.
		Botha gained prominence as minister of defense (1966–80) and became prime minister in 1978.
		CAPE TOWN.(Pieter Willem Botha, expresidente de Sudafrica) (TA: Pieter Willem Botha, former president of South Africa) (Time International (Spanish Edition))
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/people/A0808455.html (224 words)

	CNN - Senior police implicate P.W. Botha in apartheid-era assassinations - Oct. 21, 1996 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Until now, the government of the time and its security forces had consistently denied any complicity in the attack.
		In 1989, F. de Klerk succeeded P.W. Botha as president, and as leader of the ruling National Party.
		De Klerk has repeatedly claimed he had no knowledge of illegal actions by the security forces, a claim the five officers seeking amnesty said in a statement they seriously doubt.
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/9610/21/south.africa.truth (560 words)

	Document Presented to PW Botha - 5 July 1987
		Starting out with 60 members, concentrated around the Witwatersrand, these young people set themselves the formidable task of transforming the ANC into a mass movement, deriving its strength and motivation from the unlettered millions of fl workers in the towns and countryside, the peasants in the rural areas and the radical intelligentsia.
		When it became clear that P W Botha himself would meet with Comrade Mandela, during mid-l989, Mandela prepared a written statement which would be transmitted to Botha in preparation for such a meeting.
		The National Executive Committee was able to convey its thinking to Comrade Mandela on this question; he fully accepted the organisation's insistence that before talks could take place the preconditions contained in the Harare Declaration had to be met by the government.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/history/mandela/doc890705.html (4984 words)

	TIME.com: Crocodile Fears -- Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		South Africans still tread warily around the aging "crocodile," which is why when P.W. Botha appeared in court today, the authorities didn't know what to do with him.
		Former president Botha -- known as "the big crocodile" because of his harsh methods -- appeared on contempt charges arising from his refusal to testify before the Truth and Reconciliation Commission investigating apartheid-era crimes.
		It's not only Botha's victims who want to see him called to account: "The hit men from the old security forces who are serving prison sentences are outraged that they've had to take a fall while their leader has gotten away with it," says Hawthorne.
	www.time.com /time/search/article/0,8599,10923,00.html (315 words)

	TRC STATEMENT ON P W BOTHA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Mr P W Botha has been given every opportunity to cooperate with the TRC.
		The Attorney-General of the Western Cape, Mr F W Kahn SC, has decided that a prosecution is warranted in law and has summonsed Mr Botha to appear on 23 January 1998.
		We would have preferred that the current impasse between Mr Botha and the Commission did not end up in a court of law.
	www.polity.org.za /html/govdocs/pr/1998/pr0107b.html (214 words)

	Salon \| The Salon Interview: Nadine Gordimer
		Botha said something threatening, too, something like "the tiger is awakening," meaning white rage.
		But I think there were only 30 tigers, rather timid tigers, who came to support him.
		But this doesn't really weigh in the scale of justice when you think of all the things that P.W. Botha did during the time he was president.
	www.salon.com /books/int/1998/03/cov_si_09int.html (820 words)

	U.S. News & World Report: South African who said "not now." (P.W. Botha)@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In his manner, he is every inch a stereotypical Boer politician--aloof and authoritarian, hawkish and headstrong--just the sort of man you would expect to find at the head of the last white-supermacist regime in Africa.
		In his policies, P. Botha is considered by most analysts to be a moderate--by South African standards.
		But moderate was not a term used by many who heard the "manifesto" the 69-year-old President delivered to a party gathering on August 15.
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:3906436&... (227 words)

	WorldNetDaily: 'Marxists' destroy 'New South Africa'
		In this in-depth story, eye-opening interviews with various South African figures — from threatened farmers to political analysts to former Prime Minister P.W. Botha — rock the conventional view of the nation and where it is headed.
		Says Botha's second wife, Barbara: "Nelson Mandela called our house not long ago to talk with P.W. Nelson is 85 and P.W. is 88.
		Barbara Botha told WorldNetDaily how P.W. had organized special medical care for Nelson Mandela when he was in prison: "Nelson was afraid the apartheid doctors would try and kill him.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/printer-friendly.asp?ARTICLE_ID=39450 (4956 words)

	Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service: Former apartheid leader P.W. Botha faces contempt hearing Friday.(Originated from ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		PAUL ROUX, South Africa _ There is no monument here recognizing this town's most famous son; no slab of granite commemorating the birthplace of P.W. Botha.
		A signed 1979 photograph hanging in town hall next to portraits of long-dead mayors is the only public sign that Botha, the last unrepentant leader of apartheid South Africa, hailed from this prairie village.
		The restrained recognition of Pieter Willem Botha in Paul Roux reflects the ambivalence that white South Africans feel toward the man who was both apartheid's final champion and the leader who set the stage...
	highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:20172407&... (233 words)

	ali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		We are dealing with a situation in which kids are cynically being used by being put on the front lines where they may be killed, maimed or injured...If a young boy falls, it gives the Palestinians a lot of propaganda points."--Capt. Natan Golan, IDF Spokesman
		"Botha said he was ordering the move to combat "acts of violence and thuggery" that he said were "mainly directed at the property and person of law-abiding fl people and take the form of incitement, intimidation, arson, inhuman forms of assault and even murder.""
		--President P.W. Botha explaining why he was imposing a state of emergency.
	www.al-bushra.org /apartheid/ali.htm (1012 words)

	Eugene implicates P. W Botha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Convicted assassin Col. Eugene de Kock described planting bombs at the behest of former President P.W. Botha and fueling fl-on-fl violence during his testimony before the Truth and Reconciliation Commission Tuesday.
		De Kock, a former South African policeman, was convicted last month of 89 charges, including six murders, during his reign as commander of a government hit squad.
		De Kock, the highest-ranking officer convicted of apartheid crimes, began his testimony before the committee on Monday.
	sahistory.org.za /pages/chronology/thisday/implications-pw-botha.htm (143 words)

	George - P W Botha Airport
		Priceline searches thousands of airlines and flight schedules providing you convenient flight times to and from George - P W Botha Airport.
		George - P W Botha Airport is located in George, South Africa.
		With priceline, flying to your favorite George - P W Botha Airport destination is a simple mouse-click away.
	airlines.priceline.com /airlines/george---p-w-botha-airport.html (144 words)

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