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Topic: PETN

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Explosive

Explosive material

Pentaerythritol

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Plastic explosive

Glyceryl trinitrate

Nitroamine

Cyclotrimethylene trinitramine

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	Pentaerythritoltetranitrate (PETN)
		PETN is one of the strongest known high explosives.
		It is more sensitive to shock or friction than TNT or tetryl, and it is never used alone as a booster.
		It is primarily used in booster and bursting charges of small caliber ammunition, in upper charges of detonators in some land mines and shells, and as the explosive core of primacord.
	www.ordnance.org /pentaery.htm (61 words)

	Megalomania's Method of Making PETN
		PETN is used as the active ingredient in detonating cord, detonating cord is like a fuse that burns as fast as electricity flows (as fast as sound anyway, but that is only an analogy).
		PETN has also found uses in blasting caps, grenade filler, as a sometime replacement for RDX, mixed with plastics as a booster charge for insensitive explosives, and in medicine as a vasodilator.
		PETN is a rather common and stable high explosive that is not very difficult to prepare.
	www.roguesci.org /megalomania/explo/PETN.html (515 words)

	PETN - Drug information from Medic8.com
		PETN (Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate, also known as Penthrite) is one of the strongest known high explosives, with a relative effectiveness factor (R.E. factor) of 1.66.
		PETN was also used by Richard Reid for the plot to destroy American Airlines Flight 63 by trying to ignite explosives hidden in his shoes.
		PETN is subject to biodegradation in untreated or unpreserved urine and feces.
	www.medic8.com /medicines/Pentaerithrityl-tetranitrate.html (498 words)

	[No title]
		PETN thus remained a laboratory interest until World War II, when it was used in ammunition, bombs, and other fragmention devices.
		The crude PETN is rinsed with distilled water until free of acid, filtered, and throughly dried.
		The pure PETN is again rinsed with distilled water to remove remaining traces of acid and acetone, filtered, and dried to a 10 percent water content.
	www.textfiles.com /anarchy/INCENDIARIES/petn.txt (2732 words)

	NTP: Abstract for TR-365 - Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate
		PETN without a lactose stabilizer is used as an explosive.
		When tested for cytogenetic effects in cultured CHO cells, PETN, NF, induced sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in the presence and absence of metabolic activation; no induction of chromosomal aberrations was observed in CHO cells with or without activation.
		Synonyms for PETN: 2,2-bis((nitrooxy)methyl)-1,3-propanediol dinitrate (ester); 2,2-bisdihydroxy-methyl-1,3-propanediol tetranitrate; niperyt; nitropentaerythritol; pentaerythrityl tetranitrate; penthrit
	ntp.niehs.nih.gov /index.cfm?objectid=0708C266-0C5B-8148-1252E1E86690E32A (815 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Petn
		Role of the Low-Molecular-Weight Subunits PetL, PetG, and PetN in Assembly, Stability, and Dimerization of the Cytochrome b^sub 6^f Complex in Tobacco1[C]
		The Boston Globe; 8/24/1996; Matthew Brelis, Globe Staff; 225 words; PETN, a white crystalline substance, is used extensively as the...
		PETN is a component of seven or eight types...
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Petn (931 words)

	PETN explosive explainer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		PETN, the explosive reportedly found on wreckage from TWA Flight 800, is a favorite of terrorists because it is powerful, can be easily molded and escapes detection by X-ray machines.
		PETN was among the ingredients in the bomb that brought down Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland, in 1988.
		PETN and the materials it is used with are available for about $20 a pound to anyone with a blasting permit.
	www.usatoday.com /news/index/crash/ncrash16.htm (123 words)

	totse.com \| Synthesis of PETN
		PETN or Pentaerithrytol tetranitrate C5H8N4O12 is the most stable and least reactive of the explosive nitric esters.
		PETN is a 2ndary explosive of great power and shattering effect.
		PETN is formed by careful nitration of pentaerithrytol where the hydroxyl groups of pentaerithrytol are replaced by nitro groups.
	www.totse.com /en/bad_ideas/ka_fucking_boom/synthesisofpetn168574.html (481 words)

	[No title]
		The plastic bonded explosive (PBX) is relatively new class of explosive that is composed of about 85 to 95 percent PETN and 5 to 15 percent plastic polymer, such as polystyrene or polyester.
		Plastic explosives are composed of 85 to 90 percent PETN and 15 percent plasticizer.
		Weigh the required amount of PETN (e.g., 100 grams of plastic explosive consist of 85 grams PETN, 10 grams of wax and 5 grams of vaseline) and place it in the mixing vessel.
	www.textfiles.com /anarchy/INCENDIARIES/conpetn.txt (968 words)

	TWA Flight 800: Lineup
		PETN is often used in blasting caps or small detonators, explosives expert Jack McGeorge said on CNN Friday during a live interview.
		PETN, or Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate (C5H8 N4O12), is a high brissive explosive used in blasting caps and fission implosion devices.
		PETN is similar is properties to TNT, HMX, OCTOL (a TNT and HMX blend), RDX, RDX COMPOSITION B, RDX COMPOSITION B3, 75/25 CYCLOTOL, BRA, TETRYL, PBX 9007, PBX 9010, PBX9011, PBX 9404, PBX 9407, LX-04, and LX-07.
	www.whatreallyhappened.com /RANCHO/CRASH/TWA/CHART/chart.html (2056 words)

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	PETN@Everything2.com
		PETN or Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate is an explosive used in a variety of military and civilian applications.
		PETN is a very brisant explosive with a wide range of uses in both the military and civilian domain.
		PETN is used in detcord (primacord) and is also produced as a sheet explosive, useful for hardening, welding and shaping metals.
	www.everything2.com /index.pl?node_id=1163197 (180 words)

	Apparatus for manufacture of sensitized fine particle penetaerythritol tetranitrate - Patent 3998597
		Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said first chamber inlet for PETN solution and said second chamber inlet for miscible non-solvent include ratio control means to intermingle said sprays in a ratio not greater than about 1 to 3 by volume and preferably not greater than about 1 to 5 by volume.
		In order to render the PETN particles sensitive to propagation in thin layers or small cross-sectional area it is necessary to dry the PETN until it is substantially free of liquids.
		It is further believed that as the liquid exits the PETN particles probably as a vapor, that it in some way seals the exit passages to re-entry by liquids, but this does permit entry of gas or air into at least a significant portion of the number of original voids.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /3998597.html (1440 words)

	'World's smallest controlled heat source' studies explosives at the nanoscale
		They melted, evaporated and decomposed the PETN at length scales ranging from 100 nanometers to a few micrometers.
		By varying the temperature as the cantilever was scanned across the film, the researchers were able to map the melting, evaporation and decomposition rates as a function of temperature, and observe their effects.
		PETN is a high explosive used in mining, construction and the defense industries, but because the researchers worked with such small quantities of it, there was no danger of an explosion in their lab.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-09/giot-sc090806.php (928 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Mitochondrial oxidative stress and nitrate tolerance - comparison of nitroglycerin and ...
		PETN (with 80 % (w/w) lactose) was from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland).
		The beneficial properties of PETN were explained by induction of the antioxidative proteins ferritin and HO-1 [26,27] which may prevent oxidative stress and protect the vasculature from oxidative damage [2] and thereby mimic the antioxidant principle of compounds such as hydralazine [16].
		According to numerous reports in the literature PETN displays potent antioxidative properties which are probably based on the afore mentioned formation of bilirubin, CO and ferritin (Figure 4).
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2261/6/44 (5175 words)

	MEDLINE_1996-2006 - Results of the search <page 1>
		A surprising upregulation of ex vivo platelet activity, a decrease in platelet thiol levels, and an enhanced release of vasoconstrictors from platelets is associated with enhanced superoxide-mediated oxidant stress leading to vascular tolerance to nitrates.
		We tested the NO-donor pentaerythrityl tetranitrate (PETN), which to date had not been precisely tested either with regard to the induction of tolerance or to a potential development of changes in platelet activity in comparison with glycerol trinitrate (GTN).
		During nonintermittent PETN and during GTN with additional vitamin C, a 9.8 +/- 0.4% coronary artery dilation was observed in contrast to that with GTN alone, which resulted in complete tolerance at day 4.
	www.bireme.br /cgi-bin/wxislind.exe/iah/online/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&nextAction=lnk&base=MEDLINE_1996-2006&exprSearch=9436825&indexSearch=UI&lang=i (318 words)

	Water resistant elastic explosive mixture - Patent 5238512
		An explosive composition comprises one or several self-detonating explosives, such as PETN, HMX, TNT or RDX, desensitized by wax or water and one or several inert materials.
		The invention is characterized in that the inert material or a part thereof consists of a rubber of the type silicone rubber or latex rubber, which inert material constitutes matrix or binding agent.
		The manufacture of these so-called PBX-explosives, however, is expensive and complicated, due to the fact, that the self-detonating explosives must be added in sensitized state, because the curing process of the plastic material is affected considerably by existing desensitizing agents, such as wax, oil or water.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5238512.html (1147 words)

	PETN (Penta Erythritol Tetra Nitrate) - Gulf Oil Corporation Limited
		The crystals are short and hexagonal with minimum elongates and free from needle shaped crystals, dust and visible impurities.
		PETN is used independently as a high explosive, as the explosive core for detonating cords or as an ingredient of composite explosives.
		PETN is classified as an "explosive" and must be stored in magazines on wooden platforms/reapers.
	www.gulfoilcorp.com /products/idl/petn.html (116 words)

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