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Topic: PID controller

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PID loop

Control theory

Control engineering

Intelligent control

Programmable logic controller

Process control

Cruise control

Optimal control

Servomechanism

Fieldbus control system

PID

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	PID controller - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		PID controllers do not require advanced mathematics to design and can be easily adjusted (or "tuned") to the desired application, unlike more complicated control algorithms based on optimal control theory.
		This is equivalent to using the PID controller as a PI controller.
		Electronic analog PID control loops were often found within more complex electronic systems, for example, the head positioning of a disk drive, the power conditioning of a power supply, or even the movement-detection circuit of a modern seismometer.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/PID_controller (3149 words)

	Control theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Controllability and observability are main issues in the analysis of a system before deciding the best control strategy to be applied.
		Controllability is related to the possibility of forcing the system into a particular state by using an appropriate control signal.
		Optimal control is a particular control technique in which the control signal optimizes a certain "cost index": for example, in the case of a satellite, the jet thrusts needed to bring it to desired trajectory that consume the least amount of fuel.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Closed-loop (2662 words)

	PID controller - FIRSTwiki
		PID control is a specific type of closed loop control, and adjusts the output using proportional, integral, and derivative terms.
		It is based on control theory, heavy in mathematics (it is actually a differential equation), and is a widely used filter mechanism.
		For instance, PID control might be applied to driving the robot, to compensate for wheel slippage and running into obstacles that offer resistance or it might be applied to an "arm" to make it move to the desired position and then resist backdrive due to gravity.
	www.firstwiki.org /PID_controller (1163 words)

	What is PID - Tutorial
		Cruise control in a car and a house thermostat are common examples of how controllers are used to automatically adjust some variable to hold the measurement (or process variable) at the set-point.
		With proportional band, the controller output is proportional to the error or a change in measurement (depending on the controller).
		In general, for the tightest loop control, the dynamic controller gain should be as high as possible without causing the loop to be unstable.
	www.expertune.com /tutor.html (801 words)

	PID without a PhD
		PID (proportional, integral, derivative) control is not as complicated as it sounds.
		In a typical PID controller these elements are driven by a combination of the system command and the feedback signal from the object that is being controlled (usually referred to as the "plant").
		The elements of a PID controller presented here either take their input from the measured plant output or from the error signal, which is the difference between the plant output and the system command.
	www.embedded.com /2000/0010/0010feat3.htm (4753 words)

	PID Temperature Controller Explained - McShane, Inc.
		Electronic temperature controllers are most often used to vary the supply of an electric current through a resistance heater to accomplish this when the controlled temperature is to be above ambient.
		This controller is known as a PID controller.
		The output of a proportional controller is relative to (or a function of) the difference between the temperature being controlled and the set point.
	www.mcshaneinc.com /html/Library_UnderstandingPID.html (1227 words)

	PID Controller
		PID is the control algorithm most often used in industrial control.
		The PID controller can output a point by point arbitrary waveform which is useful for repetitive motion (or force) generation.
		The controller is used to stabilize a large deep UV Laser Interference Lithography system which is used for large area holographic exposures of periodic nanostructures.
	www.amo.de /pidcontroller.html (419 words)

	Murph's Silvia PID Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The PID controller is much more accurate, meaning that the brew temperature of the next shot can be very nearly the same -- if not exactly the same -- as the last shot.
		The PID controller is like the driver who gradually applies the brakes and slows down as he approaches the intersection.
		Actually mounting the PID in the enclosure is simple enough once the opening is prepared: Slip the white mounting collar over the PID, slide the PID into the enclosure, then cinch the mounting collar up tight against the inside of the enclosure.
	www.murphyslawonline.com /silvia (3266 words)

	PID Controllers
		The reason PID controllers are so popular is that using PID gives the designer a larger number of options and those options mean that there are more possibilities for changing the dynamics of the system in a way that helps the designer.
		PID controllers can be viewed as three terms - a proportional term, and integral term and a derivative term - added together.
		The PID controller transfer function really adds a pole at the origin, and two zeroes that can be anywhere in the s-plane that the designer wants, depending upon the designer's choice of the three gains.
	www.facstaff.bucknell.edu /mastascu/eControlHTML/PID/PID3.html (2113 words)

	proportional integral derivative PID controllers
		For simple control, you have two temperature limit sensors (one low and one high) and then switch the heater on when the low temperature limit sensor turns on and then turn the heater off when the temperature rises to the high temperature limit sensor.
		The PID controllers job is to maintain the output at a level so that there is no difference (error) between the process variable (PV) and the setpoint (SP).
		In this diagram the valve could be controlling the gas going to a heater, the chilling of a cooler, the pressure in a pipe, the flow through a pipe, the level in a tank, or any other process control system.
	www.htservices.com /Applications/Process/PID1.htm (1006 words)

	PID Controller laboratory
		PID controllers are widely used in industrial practice more than 60 years.
		The development went from pneumatic through analogue to digital controllers, but the control algorithm is in fact the same.
		The PID controller is a standard and proved solution for the most of industrial control applications.
	www.pidlab.com (521 words)

	PID Controller Settings
		The PIDS program supports controlled processes that are linear and are given by a transfer function of up to fifth order, with or without additional time delay.
		The PIDS program can be used to simulate the control system with given user settings or to optimize the settings according to certain optimization criteria.
		The input to the process is a volage sent by the PID controller.
	www.raczynski.com /pn/pidsx.htm (1038 words)

	Bardac Drives: SP1070PID Basic PID Controller (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This method of tension control can be used either with a medium performance center winder (as illustrated), or between nip rolls, or with a surface winder.
		This method of control can be used either with a medium performance center winder (as illustrated), or between nip rolls, or with a surface winder.
		This application is a non-contacting method of controlling the height of the web for use where the surface could be marked by a conventional dancer or idler roll.
	www.bardac.com /pages/products/sp1070pid.html (163 words)

	Technical Reference - Tuning a PID Controller
		It’s used where a precise control is not necessary, in systems which cannot handle the energy being turned on and off frequently, and where the mass of the system is so great that temperatures change extremely slowly.
		This controller uses a latching relay, which must be manually reset, and is used to shut down a process when a certain temperature is reached.
		If the controller does not include an autotune algorithm or the autotune algorithm does not provide adequate control for the particular application, the unit must then be tuned using a trial and error method.
	www.newportus.com /Products/Techncal/techncal.htm (2919 words)

	PID Controller Design, Model based control tuning
		The manner in which a measured process variable responds over time to changes in the controller output signal is fundamental to the design and tuning of a PID controller.
		In this controller, u(t) is the controller output and
		Because the PI controller has integral action, the bias value is not entered but is automatically initialized by our instrumentation to the current value of the controller output at the moment the loop is closed.
	www.bin95.com /PID_Controller_Design.htm (2484 words)

	PID Controller Specification
		The PID controller algorithm should produce a positional output (not an increment from the last position), and may be of the series or ideal type:
		The controller input signals should be sampled at a frequency of at least 10 Hz, reporting the average value of the signal over the previous sample interval.
		This allows the secondary measurement signal to be fed back to the primary controller in cascade, feedforward, and constraint control systems, maximizing their effectiveness, operability, and robustness.
	www.automation.com /sitepages/pid1041.php (933 words)

	CTM: PID Tutorial
		This error signal (e) will be sent to the PID controller, and the controller computes both the derivative and the integral of this error signal.
		The signal (u) just past the controller is now equal to the proportional gain (Kp) times the magnitude of the error plus the integral gain (Ki) times the integral of the error plus the derivative gain (Kd) times the derivative of the error.
		This plot shows that the derivative controller reduced both the overshoot and the settling time, and had small effect on the rise time and the steady-state error.
	www.engin.umich.edu /group/ctm/PID/PID.html (1195 words)

	sci.engr.* FAQ on PID Controller Tuning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This is a type of feedback controller whose output, a control variable (CV), is generally based on the error (e) between some user-defined set point (SP) and some measured process variable (PV).
		In motion control applications, the SP is governed by a trajectory generator.
		One reader does this with cascade control loops on the Honeywell DCS by using the SP as feedforward input, then optimizing feedback response with the normal tuning constants, and adjusting feedforward gain to optimize the SP response separately.
	www.tcnj.edu /~rgraham/PID-tuning.html (2105 words)

	Tuning PID Control by Simulation
		Verify that the PID controller processes the sampled input and produces an output sequence which is consistent with the input.
		The PID controller samples its input from analog input channel 1 and produces a control output on analog output channel 1.
		Adding a new control loop is simple by using DAPL to specify the input channel, the output channel, and the PID control process parameters.
	www.mstarlabs.com /docs/tn031.html (3145 words)

	The Opamp PID Controller
		We've all heard about the wonders of the PID controller, bringing a system's output - temperature, velocity, light - to its desired set point quickly and accurately.
		The PID controller takes this error and determines the drive voltage applied to the process in an attempt to bring Vset = Vsensor or Verr = 0.
		Without the clamp, the simulated PID terms may generate hundreds of volts in an attempt to control the output.
	www.ecircuitcenter.com /Circuits/op_pid/op_pid.htm (1566 words)

	The PID Controller
		Tuning the PID controller can be like learning to roller blade, ski or maybe riding a bull.
		The PID controller is every where - temperature, motion, flow controllers - and its available in analog and digital forms.
		A controlled source can be a function of multiple inputs described by a polynomial.
	www.ecircuitcenter.com /Circuits/pid1/pid1.htm (1331 words)

	PID Controller Tuning
		When optimizing your PID settings, you can specify the admissible range for each of the three PID parameters (available only in version 5).
		If you enter the existing PI or PID constants, BESTune can rate the performance of your existing PI or PID control loop (hence tells you how large the potential benefit is to re-tune your control loop).
		The performance of the PID controller tuned by your BESTune is even better than that of the MathWorks' PID controller...."
	bestune.50megs.com (1673 words)

	TEA Library for Gamoto PID Controller (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Gamatronix company produces a PID controller for DC Motors with quadrature encoders called the "Gamoto".
		This example illustrates the use of a library for communicating with the Gamoto controller via the I2C bus.
		A full description of the operation of the Gamoto controller or PID control is beyond the scope of this example.
	www.acroname.com /brainstem/examples/gamoto/gamoto.html (499 words)

	PID Control Information from John Shaw
		This site provides information about process control, particularly the PID control algorithm, controller tuning, cascade control, ratio control, and other topics.
		This tutorial describes the PID control algorithm, how it works, and how it is tuned.
		When there is some other measurement that must be constrained, forcing the output of a controller to follow another controller's output.
	learncontrol.com /pid (586 words)

	PID Controller / Temperature Controller / Process Controller (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		AccuCon series of temperature controllers, process controllers, and transducer input controllers from Brighton Electronics offer dependability and flexibility at an affordable price.
		Universal input and output enable to AccuCon series to be used in various control environments.
		PID controller with fuzzy logic and auto-tune provide accurate stable control.
	www.brighton-electronics.com /controllers.htm (182 words)

	PID controller autotuning (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Does anybody know where I can find some technical documentation (electronical format) regarding the PID controllers (autotuning) - something like adjusting PID controllers according to Chien, Hrones and Reswick (CHR)?
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		Subject to the rights expressly reserved to others under Legal Notices, the content of this site and the compilation thereof is ©1999-2006 Control Technology Corporation.
	www.control.com /1026210119/index_html (199 words)

	eBay - pid controller ..., Industrial Electrical Test, Business Industrial items on eBay.com
		pid in Business and Industrial > Industrial Electrical and Test > Industrial Automation, Control > Temperature Controllers
		PID TEMPERATURE CONTROL CONTROLLER W/ 30 RAMP / SOAK
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	search-desc.ebay.com /search/search.dll?query=pid+controller+...&krd=1 (176 words)

	rtxWiki: PID Controller (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		An Open Source PI(D) Controller for the Atmel AVR
		Mr Foo is writing an open source PI controller for the AVR
		Last edited November 9, 2004 2:44 am by Dasfoo (diff)
	hyperreal.org /~rkumar/rtx/wiki.cgi?PID_Controller (31 words)

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