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Topic: PKK

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Terrorism

	Terrorism - PKK (A.k.a KADEK): Kurdish Worker’s Party (A.k.a Kurdish Freedom and Democracy Congress)
		By 1974, the PKK had began to take shape, and for the next four years Ocalan continued to establish the organization while studying theories of revolutionary activity.
		PKK attacks were also carried out on Turkish diplomatic and commercial premises across Europe in 1993 and again in 1995.
		Since the late 1990s, the PKK campaign has become less violent, although Turkey continues its efforts against the group, having enjoyed some notable successes in recent years, including the capture of Ocalan in 1999.
	www.cdi.org /terrorism/pkk.cfm (870 words)

	Michael Rubin on War on Terror & PKK on National Review Online
		PKK members also sabotaged bridges, cutting off villagers from their fields and disrupting the local economy.
		The continued PKK presence in northern Iraq is an embarrassment to the United States.
		On July 27, PKK fighters killed a Turkish policeman and a soldier in the southeastern province of Bingol.
	www.nationalreview.com /rubin/rubin200408051220.asp (2423 words)

	Green Left - TURKEY: Ankara escalates war against PKK
		Following the killing of 13 Turkish soldiers in a July 15 PKK attack, the Turkish cabinet and the Higher Anti-Terror Board held extensive discussions to plan an offensive against the organisation.
		The PKK represents the 29th uprising and the longest period of struggle since the Turkish Republic was founded in 1923.
		The PKK was formed as a Marxist-Leninist organisation in 1978 by political science student Abdullah Ocalan.
	www.greenleft.org.au /2006/679/7783 (773 words)

	Pkk Terror - Crime Hot News - PKK leader surrenders in Southeast (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In a statement released late on Saturday, the Governor's Office of the southeastern province of Siirt said the PKK member, identified as Fehmi Aslan, had been kidnapped by the PKK in a 1994 raid on his village that left 10 villagers dead.
		The statement from the Siirt Governor's Office also issued a call for PKK members to surrender, saying the group was trying to discourage its members from doing so and telling them that they would be mistreated or even killed by security forces.
		The PKK declared a unilateral cease-fire in September, but the military dismissed it as merely a tactical move given that the terrorist group's ability to launch attacks is seriously diminished by winter conditions.
	www.pkkterror.com /content/view/477/1 (827 words)

	Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK)
		In the early 1990s, the PKK moved beyond rural-based insurgent activities to include urban terrorism.
		At a PKK Congress in January 2000, members supported Ocalan’s initiative and claimed the group now would use only political means to achieve its public goal of improved rights for Kurds in Turkey.
		A Case Study of the PKK in Turkey / by Foundation For Middle East and Balkan Studies
	www.fas.org /irp/world/para/pkk.htm (539 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Kurdistan Workers Party
		The PKK argued that its violent actions were justified by the need to defend Kurds in the context of what it considered as the massive cultural suppression of Kurdish identity (including the 1983 Turkish Language Act Ban) and cultural rights carried out by the governments of the region.
		The degree of support for the PKK among Turkish Kurds is disputed: In some of the strongholds of Kurdish nationalism in the Tigris valley and mountainous regions on the Iranian border, pro-Kurdish parties have consistently polled close to or over 50% of votes cast in elections.
		The Kurdistan Workers Party (Kurdish: Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan or PKK), also known as KADEK and Kongra-Gel, is a militant organisation, aiming to create an independent Kurdish state in a territory (sometimes referred to as Kurdistan) that consists of parts of south-eastern Turkey, north-eastern Iraq, north-eastern Syria and north-western Iran.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Kurdistan-Workers-Party (1740 words)

	Prophet of Doom - Kurdish Workers Party - PKK
		Immediately prior to the military coup in Turkey in 1980, the PKK fled that Islamic nation and established training camps in the Bekaa valley, the part of Lebanon controlled by the Syrian military.
		In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the PKK was compelled to shun its secular and leftist ideology in favor of fundamentalist Islam.
		While the PKK was thrilled with the deposition of the secular Ba’ath regime, they were doomed when Iran’s Shia clerics replaced them.
	www.prophetofdoom.net /pdf/support/cd/support/Islamic_Clubs_PKK.Islam (814 words)

	MFA - A Report on the PKK and Terrorism
		PKK's Subordinate Military Committee established under the name of Liberation Units of Kurdistan (Hazen Rizgariya Kurdistan-HRK) was dissolved and replaced by Kurdistan Peoples Liberation Army (Arteshen Rizgariya Gelli Kurdistan-ARGK) after the Third Congress of the PKK held in Damascus-Syria in October 1986.
		The prohibition of PKK and its front organizations in Germany and France at the end of 1993 has partially reduced the financial and moral support this terror organization was receiving.
		PKK continues its attacks aiming at the authority and effectiveness of the State, such as assaults on teachers and village guards.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/para/docs/mfa-t-pkk.htm (3206 words)

	[No title]
		Pkk raids villages,kills soldiers and civillians.They're terrorists.What they do is called terrorism.Since 1980s they killed thousands of eastern civillians,and most of them are Kurds.They're kilimg their own people.It's like the terrorists in Iraq,they're killing their fellow Iraqi's.
		in the pkk and turkey war, kurds were the victims, with nearly all the casualties being kurd with the actions of the aggresive, facist nationalist turkish government.
		PKK Kurds are terrorists but this doesn't mean all of the Kurds are.Or there are many Islamic terrorists but this doesn't mean all the Muslims are terrorists.
	www.strategypage.com /militaryforums/37-40.aspx (1576 words)

	Turkey's PKK: Defeated or Hibernating?
		As such, the PKK posed a considerable threat to Turkey's continued existence in its present shape and borders, and was internationally the most public face of Kurdish struggle for statehood.
		The PKK clearly never commanded the loyalty of anything close to a majority of Kurds in Turkey; but even Turkish official figures show that over 20,000 Kurdish militants were killed during 15 years of war.
		During his 1999 trial, PKK leader Öcalan apologized to the Turkish people for the PKK's 'historic mistake' of waging a war against the state, debriefed Turkish intelligence on the organization's activities, sold out every demand the PKK had ever made, and urged his followers to lay down their arms.
	www.cornellcaspian.com /pub/0106Turkey.htm (1439 words)

	A Report on the PKK and Terrorism (Site not responding. Last check: )
		At present PKK, with its Marxist-Leninist ideology and violent methods, continues to be a menace detrimental to the promotion of democratic way of living in the region.
		PKK has already been transformed into a professional organization that will always be in need of committing crimes and murders in order to survive.
		PKK can also be expected to continue its policy of force recruitment by kidnapping to offset its heavy losses, which has dramatically increased in 1994.
	www.ataa.org /ataa/ref/pkk/mfa/report-pkk-terrorism.html (2734 words)

	Şemdinli bombing PKK’s doing, says gendarmerie - Turkish Daily News Feb 24, 2006
		He said the PKK had begun to use more advanced terror methods, laying land mines and complex explosive devices instead of bombs made from fertilizer and sugar.
		PKK terrorists were extorting money from locals and training terrorists in Iraq, he said, saying that locals didn't file any complaints because they feared for their safety.
		He said bookstore owner Yılmaz was believed to be in contact with PKK members in northern Iraq and, as a result, they had secured a court order to listen in on his phone conversations.
	www.turkishdailynews.com.tr /article.php?enewsid=36577 (581 words)

	PKK — LTTE: TWIN TERROR
		While both the PKK and LTTE have murdered the very ethnic people for whose “liberation” they claim to fight, they have engaged in ethnic cleansing in their area of operations.
		Both the PKK and the LTTE continue to recruit and often forcibly kidnap minor children to be deployed as terrorists in their ranks.
		In North America, PKK and LTTE trot common ground, despite the fact that both are listed as terrorist organizations by the US State Department, and even filed a joint lawsuit in 1998 to raise funds in the USA.
	www.saag.org /papers19/paper1865.html (800 words)

	Can the PKK Renounce Violence?: Terrorism Resurgent - Middle East Quarterly (Site not responding. Last check: )
		To understand the PKK, it is important to understand the characteristics that have defined the group since Öcalan founded it as the National Liberation Army in 1973.
		After Abdullah Öcalan's capture, PKK leadership shifted to a coterie of high-level lieutenants based in northern Iraq, the most important of which is Murat Karayılan, the group's new hard-line leader and a likely inheritor of Öcalan's cult of personality.
		Countering if not eradicating the PKK through effective, short-term measures, such as shutting down the group's media and financial arms in Europe and eliminating its leadership in northern Iraq, is in the interest of both the United States and Europe.
	www.meforum.org /article/1060 (3495 words)

	Elsevier.nl - Nederland - PKK-netwerk opgerold in Brabant (Site not responding. Last check: )
		De PKK is een beweging die in Turkije en Irak strijdt voor de onafhankelijkheid van de Koerden, een etnische minderheid.
		In Duitsland is de PKK een verboden terroristische organisatie, in Nederland niet.
		In 1995 werd in Nederland het Koerdische parlement in ballingschap opgericht.
	www.elsevier.nl /nieuws/nederland/nieuwsbericht/asp/artnr/9685/zoeken/ja/index.html (542 words)

	[No title]
		Since the bomb was set off at a transportation hub in a major tourist center, Turkish authorities speculated that the blast was intended to discourage tourists-- meaning the bomb was another example of terrorists launching an "anti-economy" attack by attacking tourism.
		Turkish security troops engaged a PKK guerrilla unit in a firefight near the village of Geyikusu (Tunceli province), leaving one rebel dead.
		June 11, 2006: PKK rebels ambushed a Turkish Army convoy in Tunceli province.
	www.strategypage.com /qnd/kurdwar/articles/20060620.aspx (448 words)

	- Tyrkia-bombe utløyst ved uhell - Utenriks - NRK Nyheter (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Dei fleste innbyggjarane i byen er kurdarar,og PKK står sterkt i dette området.
		PKK seier i ei fråsegn på Internett at dei ikkje har noko med bombeeksplosjonen å gjere, og at det truleg er ei tyrkisk gruppe som står bak.
		Dei seier at dei gjennomførde angrepet som hemn for den auke valdsbruken frå PKK.
	www.nrk.no /nyheter/utenriks/1.993193 (439 words)

	Kurds. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In 1995, Turkey waged a military campaign against PKK base camps in northern Iraq, and in 1999 it captured the guerrillas’ leader, Abdullah Ocalan, who was subsequently condemned to death.
		The PKK announced in Feb., 2000, that they would end their attacks, but the arrest the same month of the Kurdish mayors of Diyarbakir and other towns on charges of aiding the rebels threatened to revive the unrest.
		Reforms passed in 2002 and 2003 to facilitate Turkish entrance in the European Union included ending bans on private education in Kurdish and on giving children Kurdish names; also, emergency rule in SE Turkey was ended.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ku/Kurds.html (1224 words)

	Red Pepper May 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The PKK training manual outlines five stages of guerilla warfare ranging from mountain fighting - the traditional Kurdish tactic - to urban warfare.
		Now, the PKK is coming under pressure from rebel military units that say they are unable to maintain a ceasefire when being fired on as they retreat.
		PKK members never use drugs or even alcohol, we are against them in principle.
	www.redpepper.org.uk /intarch/xpkk.html (765 words)

	Radikal-çevrimiçi / Politika / Kürt sorunu, PKK sorunu ve ABD
		Önceki gece Şırnak'ın Beytüşşebap ilçesinde meydana gelen saldırıyı son dönemde PKK sorunu üzerine yaşanan gelişmelerde bir dönüm noktası kabul etmek mümkün görünüyor.
		Ankara'da PKK militanlarını dağdan indirme seçenekleri tartışılmaya başladığından itibaren, PKK'nın da kurucusu 'Abdullah Öcalan'ı kapsamayan bir affı kabul etmeyeceği kampanyası başlattığı unutulmamalı.
		ABD'nin, özellikle Irak'taki PKK varlığıyla ilgilenmek için bir koordinatör atayacağı haberlerini bu çerçevede dikkatle izlemek gerekiyor.
	www.radikal.com.tr /haber.php?haberno=195183 (627 words)

	Asia Times Online :: Middle East News, Iraq, Iran current affairs
		Turkey fought a war with the PKK in the mid-1980s.
		When the PKK took up arms in 1984, it was in the middle of the Iran-Iraq War.
		Massaud Barzani recently acknowledged the thawing of ties and confirmed that he would be happy to mediate between the PKK and Turkey.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Middle_East/HA27Ak02.html (1157 words)

	International Litigation & Arbitration Newsletter Newsletter - Volume 4, Issue 4 - May 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The PKK forced them to march for several hours and to live outdoors; they also denied them medical care and the ability to communicate with their families.
		The PKK placed certain demands and conditions for the release of the hostages on, among others, the governments of the United States, Britain, Australia and Turkey.
		In particular, PKK demanded that (1) the United States terminate its financial and military support of Turkey; (2) the United States, Britain, Australia and Turkey support an independent Kurdish state; (3) the international community recognize the PKK’s right to control portions of Turkish territory; and (4) the Turkish government provide increased civil rights to Kurds.
	www.bakernet.com /newsletters/Article.asp?ArticleID=6323&EditionID=844&URL=%2Fnewsletters%2FNewsletter%2Easp&NLID=30 (888 words)

	Stichwort: Deutschland und die PKK \| Politik \| Deutsche Welle \| 20.10.2004 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Die "Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans" (PKK) kämpft in der Türkei seit 1984 gewaltsam für einen unabhängigen Kurdenstaat.
		Nach der Gefangennahme von PKK-Führer Abdullah Öcalan 1999 hatte die PKK einen Waffenstillstand erklärt, der am 1.
		In Deutschland zählt die PKK laut Verfassungsschutzbericht 11.500 Mitglieder.
	www.dw-world.de /popups/popup_printcontent/0,,1367374,00.html (134 words)

	Washingtonpost.com: Terrorism Report
		Meanwhile, the Kurdistan Workers' Party, the PKK, currently waging a guerrilla insurgency in southeastern Turkey, has rejected the Iraqi Kurds' decision to seek local self-government within a federal Iraq.
		The PKK believes any independent Kurdish state should be a homeland for all Kurds.
		Barzani has criticized the PKK for establishing military bases inside Iraqi-Kurd territory to launch attacks into Turkey.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-srv/inatl/daily/feb99/kurdprofile.htm (920 words)

	[No title]
		From 1984 to 1998 the PKK led a guerilla war against Turkish forces, and their supposed Kurdish supporters, in which 30,000 people died.
		In 1999, Turkish authorities captured Ocalan in Kenya, prompting the PKK to declare a ceasefire.
		November 27, 1998: Turkish authorities suspected the PKK in a bus bombing in Kirikkale.
	www.adl.org /terrorism/symbols/pkk_1.asp (434 words)

	U.S. Consultations with Turkey and Iraq on Counterring the PKK
		The PKK is declared a terrorist group, not only by Turkey and the United States and the United Kingdom, but the entire European Union.
		PKK offices needed to be closed throughout Iraq and the officials agreed to that.
		And I think the realization of the significance of the PKK problem to Turkey and to the Turkish people is something that I need to raise that visibility level with the American people.
	fpc.state.gov /fpc/73275.htm (3675 words)

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