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Topic: PLO and Hamas

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	Hamas
		Hamas tries to maintain a clear distinction between the covert activity of its various sections and its overt activity, which serves primarily to broaden the ranks of the movement.
		Hamas makes extensive use of many of these charity associations and committees, which (together with the mosques, unions, etc.) also serve as the overt facade of the organization's activity, operating parallel to and serving its covert operations.
		Hamas took responsibility for the attack, saying it was "a response to the massacre at the Erez checkpoint".August 14, 1994 - Ron Soval, 18, of Lehavim, north of Beersheba, was shot to death in an ambush near Kissufim junction in the Gaza Strip.
	www.eyespymag.com /hamas.htm (6065 words)

	PLO and Hamas
		Hamas is not the enemy, it is part of the political fabric.' (Jerusalem Post, July 25, 1995)
		A unidentified Hamas official calling himself "Abu Husām" claimed a joint operational center was established by Hamas and Fatah, PLO's military wing.
		In late 2001 and early 2002, the PA shut down a number of Hamas offices, and arrested a number of mid-level Hamas activists.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/pl/PLO_and_Hamas.html (655 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Front Page \| Joining forces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hamas leaders say the movement always wanted to join the PLO and was only repulsed by the insolence of the PLO leadership.
		First, Hamas feels it is strong enough and confident enough now to join the PLO not as a spoiler or an "onerous newcomer", as the movement was once portrayed by PLO factions, but a welcome and full partner, even a potential savior.
		Third, the PLO is the "sole and legitimate representative of the Palestinian people", both at home and in the Diaspora, and Hamas wants to see its influence -- and ideology -- extend to Palestinian refugees, not through the "back door" of Palestinian and regional politics, but in a legitimate, orderly and institutionalised manner.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2005/736/fr3.htm (1119 words)

	Terrorism - Hamas
		Hamas is a well-positioned obstacle to the peace process in Palestine, and by extension, a danger to American interests in the region and beyond.
		If Hamas was born of the Intifada, then it came of age with the conclusion of the Oslo agreement and the mutual recognition of the PLO and Israel in 1993.
		Hamas embarked upon a dual strategy that sought at once to strike at Israeli interests and avoid confrontation with the PA. It was a strategy that satisfied both tactical and strategic aims.
	www.cdi.org /terrorism/hamas.cfm (1100 words)

	Palestinian Political Parties and Organizations
		PLO under Fatah also sought to consolidate the movement and incorporated ‘Isam Sartawi's Active Organization for the Liberation of Palestine (AOLP) and Ahmad Za‘rur’s Org of Arab Palestine at the July 1971 PNC seccion.
		It was disqualified from the PLO until Syria pressured for its rehabilitation in Dec 76, with a large number of defections from Sa‘iqa at this point.
		Hamas became a mass movement with a political ‎branch grounded in a widespread network of religious and welfare institutions.
	www.mideastweb.org /palestianparties.htm (9731 words)

	MidEast Web - Hamas Charter
		The Hamas Charter is virulently anti-Semitic and uncompromising in its goal of riding Palestine of the Jews.
		Hamas is an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood, established in 1946 in Gaza.
		Hamas was fllisted as a terrorist group by the United Sates and eventually by the EU as well, and Saudi Arabia began withholding support from Hamas.
	www.mideastweb.org /hamashistory.htm (1979 words)

	The Truth about Hamas
		Claiming that Hamas funds stem primarily from Tehran began during 1989, when Israel first decided that the group was a serious security threat, and the PLO jumped on the bandwagon.
		Muhammed Nazzal, a senior Hamas spokesman in Jordan, asserts: "We are ready for the worst possibilities, including cooperation between the Palestinian police, [operating] under the orders of Yasser Arafat, and the Israeli army and the Shin Bet to confront the Hamas combatants." Nevertheless, Hamas continues to adopt a cordial tone toward the PLO and Fateh.
		Despite the inclusion of Hamas in the State Department's annual report on global terrorism, neither the State Department nor the FBI have lent credence to claims by Israel, the media, or politicians that Hamas operates a base on U.S. soil.
	www.mafhoum.com /press/52P5.htm (3520 words)

	Hamas
		As the uprising became the main focus of the Palestinian Arab population, the Muslim Brotherhood's leaders found themselves detached from the events which were being led by Islamic Jihad and the PLO from their headquarters in exile in Tunisia.
		Hamas recognized the contributions of the PLO in creating the idea of a Palestinian nation and in leading the political and military struggle against Israel.
		Hamas' position on the crisis was considered more balanced than the PLO's, mainly because the movement's leaders had always been critical of the secular Iraqi regime.
	www.palestinefacts.org /pf_1991to_now_plo_hamas.php (1131 words)

	Hamas: The Organizations, Goals and Tactics of a Militant Palestinian Organization.
		Hamas success in winning quick support among the Muslim population of the Gaza Strip and the West Bank was due in large part to its Islamic origins and its earlier activities as a religious and charitable institution.
		Hamas has apparently staked much of its reputation on the fate of the peace talks, apparently believing that a breakdown or perceived failure of the talks would propel Hamas into the leadership of the Palestinian movement.
		Hamas maintains that evidence linking it with the attacks is often no more than pamphlets found in the pockets of the perpetrators when they were killed or captured, sometimes days later, or that blame was affixed solely on the basis of inflammatory Hamas inspired graffiti on the walls near the scene of the attack.
	www.fas.org /irp/crs/931014-hamas.htm (3004 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hamas noted that forming the government shortly after the IDF's Jericho raid, which painted the PA and Fatah in a negative light, is an opportunity to renew the wave of sympathy enjoyed by the Islamic group.
		Meanwhile, Abbas associates said the latest development clearly marks a Hamas decision to head to a confrontation and constitutes a severe challenge against the Palestinian leader and the PA. Hamas' conduct is aimed at leading to a revolution and undermines PA government norms, the sources said.
		The executive committee claims that Hamas is staging political mutiny, and instigated the dispute by refusing to recognize the PA’s Basic Law, by which the PLO and its institutions are the basis for Palestinian government and activities.
	www.ynetnews.com /articles/0,7340,L-3231086,00.html (782 words)

	Palestine Liberation Organization and Hamas - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was until the January 2006 legislative election the main Palestinian organization.
		Under the Oslo Accords, the PLO was obliged to refrain from incitement to terrorism and to act against terrorism.
		In 1996 the PA did a major crackdown on Hamas cells (following 1996 Hamas's wave of suicide bombings which removed dovish Shimon Peres from office) but all the activists were released between 2000 to 2001.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/PLO_and_Hamas (260 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Middle East \| PLO criticises Hamas' programme
		The PLO leadership again criticised the Islamic group for refusing to accept the PLO's traditional role as the supreme representative of Palestinians.
		Hamas politicians later said the parliament would meet on Saturday to approve the new cabinet.
		Hamas' nominee for foreign minister, Mahmoud Zahhar, said the PLO's statement was irrelevant.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/middle_east/4833658.stm (254 words)

	Hamas rejects PLO Executive Committee's request
		The PLO is the sole and legitimate representative of the Palestinian people and no one can accept or refuse the PLO from which the PNA culminated and the PLO is the basic reference of the PNA.
		The PLO is the sole fact which gains consensus in the Palestinian society and we hope that everyone would deal with the achievements of the Palestinian people.
		Hamas spokesperson Sami Abu Zuhri said yesterday the decision of the PLO Executive Committee is rejected and illegal.
	www.jmcc.org /new/06/mar/plo.htm (889 words)

	Israpundit: PLO, Hamas: Thank you, Abu Omri!
		From JPost: Palestinian groups plan to move to Gaza Leaders of Hamas and other Palestinian radical groups in Lebanon and Syria are planning to move to the Gaza Strip after Israel evacuates the area, Palestinian sources confirmed on Sunday.
		Leaders of Hamas and other Palestinian radical groups in Lebanon and Syria are planning to move to the Gaza Strip after Israel evacuates the area, Palestinian sources confirmed on Sunday.
		Mashaal's deputy, Musa Abu Marzouk, and another senior Hamas official, Imad al-Alami, are reported to have expressed their desire to move from Syria to the Gaza Strip.
	www.israpundit.com /archives/2005/06/plo_hamas_thank_1.php (427 words)

	Focus on Hamas: The PLO's Friend or Foe? - Middle East Quarterly
		This analysis examines the PLO's relations with the terrorist groups during three periods: the nineteen months following the White House handshake (September 1993 to April 1995); the first so-called crackdown by the PLO against terrorist groups (April 1995 to February 1996); and the second so-called crackdown (beginning in March 1996).
		Arafat himself maintained contact with Hamas at the height of the bombing wave in February, as shown by the fact that he personally sent Prime Minister Shimon Peres a proposal from Hamas temporarily to halt the bombings in exchange for an end to Israel's search for the bombers.
		On the occasion of the PLO's takeover of the city of Jenin in November 1995, Arafat praised it as the "city of `Izz ad-Din Qassam"--the terrorist after whom the Hamas military wing is named.
	www.meforum.org /article/301 (4004 words)

	Hamas Rejects Demands by PLO Leaders, Hamas Rejects PLO Leaders' Demands That Gov't Resign Over ...
		Hamas accused Fatah, which controls the Palestine Liberation Organization and was defeated in parliament elections a year ago, of trying to overthrow the government.
		However, Abbas told PLO leaders Friday that he would not return to the talks, said one of the participants, Saleh Raafat of the PLO's small Fidda Party.
		He has the authority to fire the Hamas government, but a new Cabinet he appoints in its place would be denied approval by the Hamas-dominated parliament.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2006/12/02/ap/world/mainD8LOM4H80.shtml (688 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Front Page \| The third PLO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hamas, he said, has agreed to a conditional "calm" till the end of 2005 to consolidate "as many gains as possible".
		Hamas also wants to revive the PLO and push for the release of 8,000 Palestinian prisoners.
		Hamas, he insists, has "managed to push Israel to understand that the military option is useless.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2005/735/fr2.htm (904 words)

	Palestine Liberation Organization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The original PLO Charter was written during Jordan and Egypt's occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, respectively, and stressed Israel's annihilation, as well as a right of return and self-determination for Palestinian Arabs.
		Abu Nidal, a sworn enemy of the PLO since 1974, assassinated the PLO's diplomatic envoy to the European Economic Community, which in the Venice Declaration of 1980 had called for the Palestinian right of self-determination to be recognized by Israel.
		Numerous leaders within the PLO and the PA, including Yasser Arafat himself, have declared that the State of Israel has a permanent right to exist, and that the peace treaty with Israel is genuine, though members of the PLO have claimed responsibility for a number of attacks against Israelis since the Oslo Accords.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/PLO (4946 words)

	Hamas takes a preliminary decision to join the PLO
		Hamas said the decision is preliminary but there are disagreements on the details and the matter is under discussion with Hamas leadership abroad.
		Mohammed Zahhar said Hamas decided to join the PLO after reformulating the PLO on political and procedural principles, adding that the movement is waiting to come up with an integrated position on this matter by Hamas leadership abroad tomorrow.
		Zahhar said Hamas is in direct contact with the PNA with regards to the Israeli withdrawal from Gaza Strip to participate in the reconstruction process, explaining that Hamas presented to the officials in the PNA its vision in writing and the meetings along this direction continue between the various parties.
	www.jmcc.org /new/05/mar/hamasplo.htm (586 words)

	Palestine Liberation Organization — Infoplease.com
		The PLO was initially committed to the dissolution of Israel, mainly through the use of armed force.
		In 1974 the PLO received UN recognition, and a government in exile was recognized by Arab nations as a basis for a future Palestinian state, to be formed from land regained from Israel along the west bank of the Jordan River.
		In 1993, a peace agreement between the PLO and Israel was reached providing for mutual recognition and a transition to a degree of Palestinian self-rule in the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0837351.html (689 words)

	PLO / PLO Covenant / PLO Charter / PLO and the Peace Process
		The PLO Covenant makes an effort to demonstrate that, in contrast to the ephemeral nature of the Jewish occupation in Palestine, the Arabs are a perpetual element there.
		PLO propaganda has succeeded in persuading respectable publications, and even a few scientists, to refer to Palestinians as an indigenous population with a 4,000-year history - the descendants of the Caananites and the Philistines.
		Another myth the PLO is eager to propagate is that the Jews are treating the Palestinians the way the Nazis treated the Jews.
	www.hebroots.org /israel/plo.html (4501 words)

	PLO rejects Hamas policy - World - The Washington Times, America's Newspaper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The evolving conflict highlights the unresolved tension between the PLO, which brought the fight for Palestinian statehood to world attention under Yasser Arafat, and Hamas, an outgrowth of the Muslim Brotherhood that was set up to challenge the secular nationalist movement.
		The PLO, which calls itself the "sole legitimate" representative of Palestinians inside the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and in the diaspora, considers itself a parent institution of the Palestinian Authority, which was set up as a self-rule government under the Oslo accords.
		Hamas' refusal to recognize the PLO in the policy guidelines of the new government was seen as an insult.
	washingtontimes.com /world/20060322-095535-6663r.htm (446 words)

	ISN Security Watch - PLO demands changes to Hamas platform
		Hamas has never joined the PLO and rejected the umbrella group's negotiations with Israel, which led to the formation of the PA.
		The PLO is now being used to pressure Hamas to alter its stand on key policy issues, including the Islamic movement's refusal to recognize Israel, renounce violence, and accept peace deals signed by the PA and Israel.
		The rise of Hamas and confusion surrounding the relative powers of the presidency and parliamentary portend conflict and possible stalemate in the PA.
	www.isn.ethz.ch /news/sw/details.cfm?ID=15221 (524 words)

	Hamas definition - Zionism and Israel -Encyclopedia / Dictionary/Lexicon of Zionism/Israel/
		Hamas - (Arabic) (Pronounced 'Hamas) Islamist Palestinian party that believes all of Palestine is a holy Muslim waqf, and that no part may be surrendered to foreigners.
		In January of 2006, Hamas candidates swept the PLC elections, and Hamas became the ruling party of the Palestinian Authority.
		Protracted negotiations were undertaken to get the Hamas and other parties to subscribe to a Prisoners' Document, prepared by prisoners of all factions held in Israeli jails, but no resolution was reached on this issue.
	www.zionism-israel.com /dic/Hamas.htm (2453 words)

	How Arafat's Palestinian Authority Became an "Entity Supporting Terrorism"
		Indeed, U.S. and Israeli diplomats drew a distinction between their PLO peace partners and the fundamentalist "enemies of peace" whom, it was assumed, were trying to undermine the Palestinian Authority.
		Force 17 was established during the years of the PLO presence in Lebanon; its name was taken from the last two digits of its Beirut telephone number.
		Initially, Fatah and Hamas tried to preserve a division of responsibility in their attacks against Israelis: Fatah killed Israelis beyond the 1967 boundaries in the West Bank and Gaza Strip while Hamas concentrated on pre-1967 Israel.
	www.jcpa.org /art/brief1-11.htm (1193 words)

	PLO vs. Hamas: Battle for Minds and Hearts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The last time Arafat moved against Hamas in any major way was 1996 on the heels of a wave of suicide attacks against Israel by the militant arm of the organization.
		As of October 2001, support among Palestinians for Hamas and similar groups had risen to 31 percent, up from 23 percent in September 2000, according to a poll by Dr. Nader Said of Bir Zeit University in Ramallah, in the West Bank.
		Hamas is most popular among Palestinian women, who appreciate its social services, Dr. Said discovered in his polling.
	www.newsmax.com /archives/articles/2001/12/7/191240.shtml (845 words)

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