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Topic: Pacaha

	Pacaha - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Pacaha was a Native American tribe discovered in 1541 by the Hernando de Soto expedition.
		The tribe takes its name from the chieftain Pacaha (born in early 1500s) who ruled the tribe from its primary village on the Mississippi River thought to be located in present day Crittenden County, Arkansas near Turrell.
		The initial encounter between the Pacaha and the de Soto expedition was violent.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pacaha (640 words)

	Casqui - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When de Soto determined to press on and visit the nearby tribe called the Pacaha many of the Casqui people followed him.
		The Casqui and the Pacaha had been at war for some time and the Casqui had raided the Pacaha on previous occasions.
		When de Soto and the Casqui approached, many of the Pacaha became afraid and attempted to flee to an island in the river and drowned.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Casqui (573 words)

	Pacaha was a Native American Native American tribe discovered in...
		"Pacaha" was a Native American Native American tribe discovered in 1541 1541 by the Hernando de Soto Hernando de Soto expedition.
		The tribe takes its name from the chieftain Pacaha (born in early 1500s 1500s) who ruled the tribe from its primary village on the Mississippi River Mississippi River thought to be located in present day Crittenden County, Arkansas Crittenden County, Arkansas near Turrell Turrell.
		The accepted path of de Soto's travels was established by the research of the de Soto Commission de Soto Commission in 1939 1939 led by Dr. John R. Swanton John R. Swanton and has been generally accepted by the United States government and most archaeologists as the actual route.
	www.biodatabase.de /Pacaha (699 words)

	Indiana Conquest Trails - Hernando de Soto - 16th Century
		The island where Pacaha sought refuge in the Wabash River was drawn on the Illinois Township Survey of 1848; five miles west (on Hulman Road) of the man-made pond at the head of Thompson Ditch.
		Pacaha's Village fronted that pond from the bluff; well above the villages on the plain where Terre Haute is today.
		Pacaha asked the Governor for permission to give a slash to Casqui's face with a knife which the Christians had given him, and the Governor said to Pacaha that he should not do such a thing...
	floridahistory.com /indiana.html (2799 words)

	Spanish Seek Gold in Long Trek through Arkansas » The Arkansas News
		PACAHA — After crossing the Great River this June of 1541, Hernando De Soto of Spain and his party of 300 arrived at the capitol of Casqui to raise an army to defeat the chieftain of Pacaha, rumored to be one of the two most powerful and rich states in this area.
		He also hoped to surprise Pacaha from the west, and by striking directly at the capitol, use some of the tactics he helped devise during Spain’s conquest of Peru.
		Pacaha is well fenced, with towers and a moat.
	www.oldstatehouse.com /educational_programs/classroom/arkansas_news/detail.asp?id=135&issue_id=2&page=5 (361 words)

	Explorers and Settlers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Pacaha was also the name of the chief of the place.
		He lodged in the town where the chief lived, which was very large, enclosed, and furnished with towers (like a frontier cavalry fort); and in the towers and stockade many loopholes (to shoot arrows through).
		Pacaha's village fronted that pond's northeast side between the ponds arms on the bluff near today's airport; well above the villages on the plain where Terre Haute is today.
	www.brisray.com /th/thist3.htm (1103 words)

	University of Arkansas - Daily Headlines
		Until recently, many historians and anthropologists have accepted the journal accounts as accurate depictions of life and society among the Pacaha and Casqui tribes, whose civilizations flourished from approximately 1450 to 1600 AD and included large settlements in northeast Arkansas and near Memphis, Tenn.
		By examining the way the Pacaha and Casqui buried their dead, Mainfort and Fisher-Carroll have allowed the tribes to speak for themselves.
		However, Mainfort points out that the Pacaha and Casqui tribes likely had a moderately hierarchical social structure, which enabled them to complete public architectural projects such as mounds and buildings.
	dailyheadlines.uark.edu /926.htm (852 words)

	Arkansas Post National Memorial - The Founding of Arkansas Post (Chapter Three)
		First, the Pacahas ruled a small-scale empire; the Quapaws associated on terms of relative equality among the four villages.
		Further, the Pacaha villages were enclosed by a stockade; such a feature was not noted by the French.
		This went into the Pacaha community and because they had no immunity and no way to treat it, the effect must have been catastrophic.
	www.nps.gov /arpo/found/chap3b.htm (667 words)

	Arkansas Post National Memorial - The Founding of Arkansas Post (Chapter Three) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Then, in the mid-century, a new group of Indians, the Quapaws came in and pushed the remnants of the Pacaha southward.
		Evidence compiled first by an informant of Governor George Izard in 1827, and confirmed by the DeSoto Commission indicates the Pacaha were the Tunica Indians that eventually wound up south of the Arkansas near the Yazoo River east of the Mississippi River in what is now western Mississippi.
		The Tunicas got caught in a squeeze in the 18th century between the Chickasaws and Choctaws to the east and the French and later the Spanish along the Mississippi River, and by 1800 had ceased to be a tribe.
	www.nps.gov /arpo/found/chap3c.htm (490 words)

	Broadmining: Pacaha (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Pacaha was a Native American tribe discovered in
		Illinois and found the Ohio River instead of the Mississippi River.
		Due to this controversy some claim that the town of Pacaha was actually located on the present day site of
	lowide.com /Pacaha (597 words)

	Ranjel's Narrative
		But the Governor told Pacaha that he should do no such thing, nor do him any harm, for he would be angry at him; and he ordered Casqui to come so as to see what he wanted, and because he wished to ask him the reason why he had gone without his permission.
		Pacaha said to Casqui: " You know well that I am a greater lord than you, and of more honourable parents and grandparents, and that to me belongs a higher place." Casqui replied as follows: "True it is that you are a greater lord than I, and that your forbears were greater than mine.
		Pacaha le dijo a Casqui: "Bien sabes tú que yo soy mayor señor que tú y de más honrados padres y abuelos, y que me pertenesce mejor lugar que a ti." Casqui respondió así: "Verdad es que tú eres más grand señor que yo, y tus pasados lo fueron mayores que los míos.
	www.siu.edu /~anthro/muller/RRanjel.htm (14300 words)

	hist0420
		After the river crossing, Soto marched northward in quest of Pacaha and Chisca, provinces reported to abound in gold.
		Pacaha furnished them with a booty which they prized highly, a fine store of animal hides and native blankets.
		The people of Pacaha gradually returned having fled at the approach of the strangers.
	nativenewsonline.org /history/hist0420.html (4357 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Governor and all the rest thought good to go first to Coligoa : saying, that peradventurc the mountains would make some difference of soil, and that beyond them there might be some gold or silver.
		As for Quigavte, Casqui, and Pacaha, they were plain countries, fat grounds, and full of good meadows on the rivers, where the Indians sowed large fields of maize.
		From Pacaha to Quigautc may bo an hundred leagues.
	memory.loc.gov /master/rbc/rbfr/0008/01930177.txt (313 words)

	Hernando De Soto
		De Soto set his men at once to felling trees and constructing vessels in which to cross the river; for on the west shore to the north, lay the "richest province" of Pacaha, whither he was bound.
		Whereupon the chief of Casqui gave De Soto his daughter to wife; and the chief of Pacaha, by an equally simple marriage ceremony, gave him two of his sisters, Macanoche and Mochila.
		Of the Pacaha ladies the discriminating Gentleman of Elvas says : "They were symmetrical, tall, and full; Macanoche bore a pleasant expression; in her manners and features appeared the lady; the other was robust."
	www.oldandsold.com /articles33n/spanish-3.shtml (5592 words)

	RELATION
		We crossed the river in concert, it being nearly a league in width, and nineteen or twenty fathoms deep.
		The Cacique came out peacefully to meet us, saying that he had heard of us for a long time, and that he knew we were men from heaven, whom their arrows could not harm; wherefore, he desired to have no strife, and wished only to serve us.
		We returned to Pacaha, where the Governor had remained, and found that the Cacique had come in peacefully, living with him in the town.
	www.siu.edu /~anthro/muller/Biedma/Biedma_1544.htm (7263 words)

	Tribes of Arkansas
		It was formerly thought that the Pacaha or Capaha met by De Soto in this part of Arkansas were the tribe in question, but it is not probable that they had left the Ohio then, and the name Capaha, the form on which the relationship is supposed to be established, is probably incorrect.
		From some names given by the chroniclers of De Soto it is probable that the Tunica or some tribes speaking their language were living in Arkansas in his time.
		In fact it is not unlikely that the Pacaha or Capaha, who have often been identified with the Quapaw, were one of these.
	www.whitemoonraven.com /maps/arkansas.html (1180 words)

	Floods on the Lower Mississippi River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		However, the chronicle does record that the expedition turned north for a considerable distance before turning westward again at a place called Pacaha, where they thought they had come back to the bank of the Great River which they had previously crossed with such difficulty.
		The location of Pacaha has never been identified, but one can make a case for the vicinity of Jonesboro, AR.
		At that point, the St. Francis River is to the east, and it would be easy to mistake the flooded St. Francis for the flooded Mississippi.
	nls.k12.la.us /~nhs01/Parish_Interest/civil_war/htm/flood.htm (2548 words)

	Ozark NSR: A Homeland and Hinterland (Chapter 2)
		The Spanish encountered the people of Pacaha near the Mississippi River and overran their village.
		The head of the Casqui, a chiefdom on the St. Francis and Tyronza rivers in Arkansas, tried to establish an alliance with De Soto against the Pacaha and gave the Spaniard his daughter.
		The rival chief of the Pacaha trumped his adversary by giving De Soto one of his wives, a sister and a third woman of high social status.
	www.cr.nps.gov /history/online_books/ozar/hrs2.htm (3054 words)

	Chief Casqui Hopes for Best From Pale Strangers on “Deer” » The Arkansas News
		And then there is the war with Pacaha.
		Casqui has been involved in a long struggle with the Pacaha tribe, who live northeast of here, near the Mississippi River.
		Casqui’s 17-acre village is surrounded by a ditch more than 85 feet wide and more than 6 feet deep, and the houses in the village are crowded together.
	www.oldstatehouse.com /educational_programs/classroom/arkansas_news/detail.asp?id=381&issue_id=27&page=5 (802 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		As soon as the Governor was come to the town, he presently sent crossbow-men down the river, which came to rescue them ; and upon the coming of the barges to the town, he commanded them to be broken, and to save the iron for others, when it should be needful.
		He lay there one night, and the day following lie set forward to seek a province, called Pacaha, which lie was informed to be near unto Chisca, where the Indians told him there was gold.
		He passed through great towns of Aquixo, which were all abandoned for fear of the Christians.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /master/rbc/rbfr/0008/01850169.txt (445 words)

	Indiana History
		In June 1541, Hernando DeSoto's army marched from Evansville, then called Aquixo, to Vincennes then called Casqui, and then to Terre Haute then known as Pacaha.
		Pacaha had a hand dug moat all the way around it and was enclosed in a fort.
		They spent about a month in Terre Haute trying to find their way north to the South Sea (the Pacific Ocean).
	www.millersofwashingtoncounty.org /indiana02.html (1016 words)

	IND3, Soto's Trails thru Indiana
		The northeast side of the village was walled but gated, allowing Pacaha's escape when the Spanards came in from the river on Hulman Road.
		Indian merchants were sought to guide them to the next village along their way (TO CHICAGO).
		The army was never told why, only that food was not to be found in that direction.
	1st-history-of-the.us /indiana3.html (1470 words)

	Vol. 3
		Our friends Alejandro and Marcelina Pacaha invited us to eat lunch on their land way up on the mountain.
		When we finally made it up to their parcel of land, we found Alejandro harvesting some potatoes as his two little girls were quietly sitting nearby watching him or playing with dirt.
		As we were waiting for the food to cook, the two Pacaha boys, ages seven and five, came down the mountain with the family's herd of sheep to eat lunch with us.
	www.fhi.net /~pnewell/2nd_quarter_2001.htm (2543 words)

	IND1, Soto's Trails thru Indiana
		Most of them spent 40 good days there while others slogged 168 miles to Chicago and back.
		In Aquixo, Casqui and this Pacaha we saw the best towns that we had seen up to then, and better palisaded and fortified, and the people of more beauty, except for those of Cofitachequi."
		"On Wednesday, June 19th (1541), the governor entered Pacaha ("...we saw the town on a plain, well palisaded and with a moat of water around it, dug by hand").
	1st-history-of-the.us /indiana1.html (1362 words)

	Manuscript Resources for Women's Studies
		Minutes, membership lists, financial records, and constitution for the Philomathic Club, the name of which was later changed to Pacaha Club.
		This club was informally organized in January of 1888 in Helena (Phillips County), by Maude Sanders and Margaret Redford.
		The club name was changed in the fall of 1892 to Pacaha Club, to honor the name of an Indian village which formerly occupied the site of Helena.
	libinfo.uark.edu /specialcollections/manuscripts/womensstudies.asp (9942 words)

	Vol. 5
		This was a huge praise as Lori has been praying for them every morning.
		Our friend Alejandro Pacaha, who is the main leader in the church, was baptized on Sunday, which was a huge step for him because it publicly stated his faith to his fellow community members.
		We were in charge of Sunday school for the kids and we had a blast all weekend teaching the children about Jesus.
	www.fhi.net /~pnewell/4th_quarter_2001.htm (2265 words)

	Replies
		As late as 1541 people speaking several Sioux dialects lived in the vicinity of Cahokia.
		Witnesses at Pacaha's Town (Terre Haute, or "quaking earth") report that no one lived in the Great Plains at the time because there were too many buffalo.
		There is a variety of brown (or river) birch that lives in Southern Indiana.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/fr/639813/replies?c=3 (312 words)

	pacaha computing music clothes shoppin watching paint dry
		pacaha computing music clothes shoppin watching paint dry
		Last 10 people to check their mail, within 50 miles of pacaha
		About Me just ask and ill tell you lol
	www.plentyoffish.com /member1113365.htm (76 words)

	Phillips Co
		Mound and village architecture seem to have originally been founded in wall trenches, but single set post construction gained in representation as time went on.
		This is in general agreement with the belief gleaned from the A.D. 1542 DeSoto accounts that there was no sharp linguistic break between the provinces of Quizquiz, Casqui, Pacaha, and Aquixo (Hoffman 1990:214).
		Morse and Morse (1983:308-310) have suggested that these political provinces can be identified with the Walls, Parkin, Nodena, and Kent/Old Town ceramic phases, respectively.
	www.deltaarchaeology.us /phillips_co.htm (19488 words)

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