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Topic: Pacific Plate

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	Pacific Ring of Fire - Crystalinks
		The Ring of Fire is a direct consequence of plate tectonics and the movement and collisions of crustal plates.
		Along the northern portion the northwestward moving Pacific plate is being subducted beneath the Aleutian Islands arc.
		From Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula to Japan, the subduction of the Pacific plate under the Eurasian plate is responsible for Japanese islands and volcanoes (such as Mt. Fuji).
	www.crystalinks.com /rof.html (580 words)

	Pacific Plate - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Pacific Plate is an oceanic tectonic plate beneath the Pacific Ocean.
		To the north the easterly side is a divergent boundary with the Explorer Plate, the Juan de Fuca Plate and the Gorda Plate forming respectively the Explorer Ridge, the Juan de Fuca Ridge and the Gorda Ridge.
		The westerly side is a convergent boundary subducting under the Eurasian Plate to the north and the Philippine Plate in the middle forming the Mariana Trench.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Pacific_Plate (270 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: PLATE (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A license plate, licence plate, number plate or registration plate (often referred to simply as a plate) is a small metal or plastic plate attached to a motor vehicle for official identification purposes.
		Even though the Nazca Plate as a whole is sinking smoothly and continuously into the trench, the deepest part of the subducting plate breaks into smaller pieces that become locked in place for long periods of time before suddenly moving to generate large earthquakes.
		Land on the west side of the fault zone (on the Pacific Plate) is moving in a northwesterly direction relative to the land on the east side of the fault zone (on the North American Plate).
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/PLATE (485 words)

	Caribbean VR
		The Pacific plate is bordered on the east by three smaller plates, the Nazca Cocos, and Juan de Fuca plates.
		The western edge of the Pacific plate is being subducted beneath the Eurasian, Philippine, and Indo-Australian plates.
		The Nazca, Cocos and Juan de Fuca plates are the remnants of the Farallon plate.
	www.scotese.com /pacifanim.htm (432 words)

	From Scratch Archive \| Pacific Plate (2000)
		Pacific Plate / Hotwired is From Scratch's latest in low-techtonics - an intermedia mix of new instruments, cinema and sounds - from pure music to pure rhythm and noise.
		Fish on a dish, or a dish beneath the seas that defies the human appetite, Pacific Plate is a tribute to the generally dormant, largely silent, seldom seen, awesome and often forgotten forces, which over the Millennia continuously shape and change the face of the planet.
		Plates have moved, continents have reshaped, islands have formed, but nothing has equalled the force of physical disruption and dramatic change involved in the formation of Lake Taupo and the surrounding chaos of thermal hiss plop and spurt.
	www.sonicsfromscratch.co.nz /FS/pacificplate.php (1032 words)

	Problems with plate tectonics
		Plate rigidity is a central tenet of plate tectonics.
		Plate velocities are shown by arrows; their length indicates the displacement expected in a period of 25 million years.
		Plate tectonicists who recognize the existence of ridge-parallel flow generally argue that a mantle diapir wells up beneath each ocean ridge segment, and that at the crest of each diapir, radial horizontal flow takes place, with a significant component parallel to the strike of the ridge and in opposite directions.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/dp5/lowman.htm (6123 words)

	Plate Tectonics - MSN Encarta
		The largest plates include the Pacific plate, the North American plate, the Eurasian plate, the Antarctic plate, and the African plate.
		The Cocos plate is 2000 km (1400 mi) wide, while the Pacific plate is the largest plate at nearly 14,000 km (nearly 9000 mi) wide.
		The second kind of motion, called relative motion, leads to different types of boundaries between plates: plates moving apart from one another form a divergent boundary, plates moving toward one another form a convergent boundary, and plates that slide along one another form a transform plate boundary.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761554623_2/Plate_Tectonics.html (1083 words)

	FEMA FOR KIDS: Is the world shaking more than before?
		Each plate moves at a constant speed - some as fast as the growth of your fingernail - but the movement is usually impeded at the boundaries where two plates are in contact.
		Stresses accumulate along the boundary until the impediment can be overcome, and the locked section of the plate moves to catch up with the rest of the plate.
		The depth of the earthquake and the sparse population of the region kept the death toll from being higher.
	www.fema.gov /kids/shake.htm (435 words)

	CVO Website - Plate Tectonics and Sea-Floor Spreading
		Each plate is about 80 kilometers (50 miles) thick and can be pictured as having a shallow part that deforms by elastic bending or by brittle breaking, and a deeper part that yields plastically, beneath which is a viscous layer on which the entire plate slides.
		In Washington State, the small Juan de Fuca plate off the coast of Washington, Oregon, and northern California is slowly moving eastward beneath a much larger plate that includes both the North American continent the land beneath part of the Atlantic Ocean.
		As the denser plate of oceanic crust is forced deep into the Earth's interior beneath the continental plate, a process known as subduction, it encounters high temperatures and pressures that partially melt solid rock.
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /Glossary/PlateTectonics/description_plate_tectonics.html (8248 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Pacific Plate is an oceanic tectonic plate beneath the Pacific Ocean.
		To the north the easterly side is a divergent boundary with the Explorer Plate, the Juan de Fuca Plate and the Gorda Plate forming respectively the Explorer Ridge, the Juan de Fuca Ridge and the Gorda Ridge.
		The westerly side is a convergent boundary subducting under the Eurasian Plate to the north and the Philippine Plate in the middle forming the Mariana Trench.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Pacific_Plate (243 words)

	Understanding plate motions [This Dynamic Earth, USGS]
		Plate interactions in the region provide scientists an opportunity to study first hand how the Atlantic may have begun to form about 200 million years ago.
		As with oceanic-continental convergence, when two oceanic plates converge, one is usually subducted under the other, and in the process a trench is formed.
		Magmas that form island arcs are produced by the partial melting of the descending plate and/or the overlying oceanic lithosphere.
	pubs.usgs.gov /publications/text/understanding.html (2502 words)

	Rates of Plate Movement During the Phanerozoic
		The rates of plate motion directly measured by these methods, on the order of 15cm or less per year, are in good agreement with rates of plate motion predicted by radiometric dates, by correlation with the geomagnetic timescale, and pelagic sediment biostratigraphy.
		The rate at which the Pacific plate moved in the past can be inferred not only from magnetic lineation within the oceanic crust itself, but also from radiometric dating of volcanic "hotspot traces" which form on top of the Pacific plate as it moves over mantle plumes.
		This stratigraphic pattern indicates that the Pacific plate moved slowly enough from the ridge to the CCD for carbonate sediments to accumulate, and moved slowly enough from the CCD across the equatorial regions for siliceous sediments to accumulate.
	www.geocities.com /earthhistory/plate2.htm (1613 words)

	Earth's Continental Plates - ZoomSchool.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		At the boundaries of the plates, various deformations occur as the plates interact; they separate from one another (seafloor spreading), collide (forming mountain ranges), slip past one another (subduction zones, in which plates undergo destruction and remelting), and slip laterally.
		Seafloor spreading is the movement of two oceanic plates away from each other (at a divergent plate boundary), which results in the formation of new oceanic crust (from magma that comes from within the Earth's mantle) along a a mid-ocean ridge.
		Plate tectonics from the University of Tennessee (Knoxville).
	www.enchantedlearning.com /subjects/astronomy/planets/earth/Continents.shtml (1171 words)

	WHOI : Oceanus : The Big MELT
		The East Pacific Rise at 17°S was chosen for the experiment because it is in the middle of one of the longest, straightest sections of the mid-ocean ridge system and is spreading at close to the fastest rate, about 14.5 centimeters per year.
		Wolfe and Solomon found that shear-wave splitting is twice as large beneath the Pacific Plate as beneath the Nazca Plate on the eastern flank, indicating that crystals may be better-aligned beneath the Pacific Plate.
		This difference may be caused by the different rates of plate motion; relative to the deep mantle, the Pacific Plate is moving twice as fast to the west as the Nazca Plate is moving to the east.
	www.whoi.edu /oceanus/viewArticle.do?id=2399&archives=true&sortBy=printed (3100 words)

	Plate Tectonics : Hot Spots
		Stretching to the west and to the north of the big island of Hawaii is a string of smaller islands and submerged volcanoes, or seamounts, 3,700 miles long.
		Working within the theory of plate tectonics, there is convincing evidence that every one of these islands and seamounts has been formed in the exact place where Hawaii now stands.
		When this happens the islands are built on each of the spreading plates, and eventually form a V-shaped pattern as the ocean floors move farther away from the ridge.
	www.platetectonics.com /book/page_17.asp (571 words)

	AGU Web Site: Oceanic Plate Motion
		For oceanic plates, such as the Pacific plate, rock exposures are limited to a few young islands.
		The new poles are also being used in paleomagnetic tests of global plate reconstructions [Acton and Gordon, 1994], which indicate that there is a significant error in reconstructions through the South Pacific and Antarctica.
		Acton, G., and R. Gordon, A 65 Ma palaeomagnetic pole for the Pacific Plate from the skewness of magnetic anomalies 27r-31, Geophys.
	www.agu.org /sci_soc/acton.html (1109 words)

	Earth
		The theory that describes this is known as plate tectonics.
		There was probably a very much larger amount of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere when the Earth was first formed, but it has since been almost all incorporated into carbonate rocks and to a lesser extent dissolved into the oceans and consumed by living plants.
		Plate tectonics and biological processes now maintain a continual flow of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to these various "sinks" and back again.
	seds.lpl.arizona.edu /nineplanets/nineplanets/earth.html (1598 words)

	Major Tectonic Plates of the World (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Where an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, the oceanic plate tips down and slides beneath the continental plate forming a deep ocean trench (long, narrow, deep basin.) An example of this type of movement, called subduction, occurs at the boundary between the oceanic Nazca Plate and the continental South American Plate.
		The San Andreas Fault zone is an example of this type of boundary where the Pacific Plate on which Los Angeles sits is moving slowly northwestward relative to the North American Plate on which San Francisco sits.
		Plate tectonics, the branch of science that deals with the process by which rigid plates are moved across hot molten material, has helped to explain much in global-scale geology including the formation of mountains, and the distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes.
	geology.er.usgs.gov /eastern/plates.html (245 words)

	Teachers' Domain: Tectonic Plates and Plate Boundaries
		Because tectonic plates are not all moving in the same direction, the boundaries where they meet can be violent places.
		In general, if at least one of the plates along a convergent boundary is made up of relatively dense oceanic crust, the denser of the two plates subducts, or slides beneath the other.
		At other convergent boundaries, when both plates are made up of continental crust, one plate does not easily slide beneath the other and the continents buckle and fold to create mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas at the boundary between the Indian and Eurasian plates.
	www.teachersdomain.org /resources/ess05/sci/ess/earthsys/boundaries/index.html (647 words)

	Plate boundaries
		Plate boundaries are found at the edge of the lithospheric plates and are of three types,
		This plays a key role in the development of plate tectonic theory because it was the first positive proof that the plates were indeed moving and had been for most of geologic time.
		The "Ring of Fire" around the margins of the Pacific Ocean is due precisely to the subduction zones found around the edges of the Pacific plate.
	scign.jpl.nasa.gov /learn/plate4.htm (940 words)

	Continental Drift and Plate Tectonics
		Basically, the Pacific Plate is sliding northwest parallel to the coast of North America.
		The plate north of the Pacific Plate is inferred only from the magnetic patterns on the Pacific Plate.
		The plate between North America and the Pacific Plate is called the Farallon Plate.
	www.uwsp.edu /geo/projects/geoweb/participants/Dutch/platetec/kula.htm (583 words)

	Motion and rigidity of the Pacific Plate and implications for plate boundary deformation
		Motion and rigidity of the Pacific Plate and implications for plate boundary deformation
		The velocities of stations on the Pacific and Australian Plates each fit a rigid plate model with an RMS residual of 0.4 mm/yr, while the North American velocities fit a rigid plate model with an RMS velocity of 0.6 mm/yr.
		These velocity residuals are in the same sense as predicted by elastic strain accumulation on known plate boundary faults but are of a significantly higher magnitude in both southern California and New Zealand, implying that the plate boundary zones in both regions are wider than previously believed.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2002/2001JB000282.shtml (430 words)

	Plate Tectonics : Faults
		These plate boundaries are called Lateral, or Transform faults, and they are found where significant movement occurs along a fracture in the earth’s crust.
		The Pacific Plate lies to the west of the San Andreas Fault and the North American Plate lies to the east.
		The western half of California lies on the Pacific Plate while the eastern half of California lies on the North American Plate.
	www.platetectonics.com /book/page_15.asp (464 words)

	Geotimes - August 2003 - Hawaiian Hotspot
		Either the Pacific plate or the hotspot had to shift in order to build the new line of isles.
		Most geologists have long thought that the Hawaiian Islands formed by the Pacific plate moving over a hotspot plume that sat fixed in the mantle; however, recent research suggests a moving hotspot could have been responsible.
		For Tarduno's theory of a moving hotspot to be correct, the hotspot plumes beneath the Pacific would have to be moving collectively.
	www.agiweb.org /geotimes/aug03/WebExtra081103.html (437 words)

	Natural history of the Milford Track Southland great walk
		The South Island of New Zealand is split from Milford Sound in the south to the Nelson Lakes area in the north, by the Alpine Fault, approximately 500 km in length.
		The fault represents the onshore meeting of two tectonic plates, the Australian Plate to the west and the Pacific Plate to the east.
		To the east of the North Island the Australian Plate overrides the Pacific Plate.
	www.doc.govt.nz /templates/page.aspx?id=36693 (525 words)

	Pacific Hemisphere Plate
		The Pacific plate is moving northwest toward the subduction zones of the Aleutians and the western Pacific island arcs.
		In the late Cretaceous, 85 million years ago, there were several oceanic plates within the Pacific basin: the Pacific plate was a smallish southern plate with the Aluk, Farallon, and Kula plates spreading away from it.
		It moved steadily northeastward as new sea floor was accreted onto the edge by sea floor spreading between the Pacific and Farallon plates.
	emvc.geol.ucsb.edu /download/pacnorth.php (416 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Australasia
		The designation is sometimes applied to all the lands and islands of the Pacific Ocean lying between the equator and latitude 47° south.
		Most of Australasia lies on the southern portion of the Indo-Australian Plate, flanked by the Indian Ocean to the west and the Southern Ocean to the south.
		Peripheral territories lie on the Eurasian Plate to the northwest, the Philippine Plate to the north, and in the Pacific Ocean – including numerous marginal seas – atop the Pacific Plate to the north and east..
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Australasia (432 words)

	Plate tectonics
		Not all of the continent-ocean margins are plate tectonic boundaries.
		The trench is where the subducting plate is bent beneath the overriding plate as it is forced beneath.
		Thus, as a plate moves continuously over a hotspot, new volcanoes form on the part of the plate that is directly above the hotspot, then as the plate moves those volcanoes become extinct and new ones form on the next part of the plate that sits above the hotspot.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/jlrich/Plate.htm (647 words)

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