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	Paddlefish - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Paddlefish are one of the oldest fish known to man. Fossil records show that they first appeared 300 to 400 million years ago (50 million years before dinosaurs).
		The American paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) lives in the slow-flowing waters of the Mississippi River and Ohio River systems (and was historically found in the Great Lakes).
		Due to the value of their eggs, paddlefish are a constant target for poachers, and they are subsequently a protected resource over a large part of their range.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Paddlefish (1019 words)

	Chinese Paddlefish - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Chinese Paddlefish (Simplified Chinese: 白鲟; Traditional Chinese: 白鱘; Pinyin: báixún), also known as Chinese Swordfish, is among the largest freshwater fish, and one of two extant paddlefish species.
		Due to overfishing, the Chinese Paddlefish is endangered now, and officially recognized by the People's Republic in 1983 to prevent fishing of paddlefish young or adults.
		Paddlefish are also threatened by dams (like the Three Gorges Dam), which divide the population into isolated groups.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chinese_Paddlefish (280 words)

	Paddlefish
		Early growth of paddlefish is rapid with the fish reaching 10 to 14 and 21 to 24 inches in their second and third years of life.
		Paddlefish spawn in April and May when water temperature is around 55-60 degrees F. The spawning run up the larger streams is closely associated with periods of high flow.
		Paddlefish eggs hatch in seven days or less at temperatures of 65-70 degrees F. The larvae begin swimming immediately after hatching and are swept downstream into pool areas.
	www.geocities.com /scosmo451/paddlefish.htm (691 words)

	Untitled Document
		The paddlefish was discovered in the 1700s and was first thought to be a kind of freshwater shark, but it is now known that it is a relative of sturgeons.
		Paddlefish gills are covered by a large flap, which extend behind the eyes and back into a point.
		Paddlefish do not eat other fish as part of their normal diet, but occasionally one is taken by accident.
	www.colszoo.org /animalareas/shores/paddle.html (438 words)

	Nebraska Game and Parks Commission - Paddlefish Snagging - Nongame Fish
		Paddlefish harvested by snagging may be possessed only on the Missouri River during the respective open season in the area designated as open for harvest.
		A paddlefish must be tagged immediately in the dorsal fin with the anglers tag upon addition to the creel.
		All paddlefish between 35 and 45 inches long (measured along the center line of the fish, lying flat, including the entire eye to the natural fork of the tail), must be returned to the water immediately.
	www.ngpc.state.ne.us /fishing/guides/paddlefish/snagging.asp (347 words)

	Paddlefish - frequently asked questions
		Paddlefish are known to occur from large rivers throughout much of the Mississippi Valley and adjacent Gulf slope drainages in North America.
		Paddlefish can be distinguished from other freshwater fish by the presence of a very large mouth, and a long, paddle-shaped snout (called a rostrum) that is about one third the length of the body.
		Paddlefish are one of the oldest fishes, with fossil records dating their first appearance at 300 to 400 million years ago (about 50 million years before the first dinosaurs appeared).
	www.umesc.usgs.gov /aquatic/fish/paddlefish/faq.html (559 words)

	Paddlefish
		Paddlefish are native to the Mississippi River basin.
		Paddlefish are long-lived, with some fish known to exceed 30 years of age.
		Paddlefish are also prized as a sport fish in many parts of their range.
	www.northern.edu /natsource/ENDANG1/Paddle1.htm (971 words)

	Paddlefish - Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks
		Paddlefish are also caught in lesser numbers at the mouths of the Tongue and Powder Rivers and the Forsyth Diversion Cam.
		Paddlefish skin is tough, smooth and scaleless, except for the upper lobe of the tail, where a trace of primitive diamond-shaped scales are found.
		Paddlefish are among the largest freshwater fish: The largest on record was speared in Lake Okoboji, Iowa in 1916.
	fwp.mt.gov /fishing/fishingmontana/brochure_paddlefish.html (2756 words)

	Paddlefish - Polyodon spathula
		The largest Paddlefish ever recorded from Kansas was snagged by Joseph Cole of Walnut and weighed 90 lbs and 12 oz.
		Paddlefish live in large rivers and lakes and has benefited from the added impoundments in the state of Kansas.
		Fishing in Kansas for Paddlefish is regulated and limited to a short season of snagging in spring during the spawn.
	www.kansasfishes.com /Pages/paddlefish.htm (331 words)

	PA Fishes Chapter 6 Paddlefish
		In some states, the paddlefish is a threatened species because of the loss and degradation of its large-river habitat.
		In Pennsylvania, paddlefish were once reported to be in Lake Erie, the Allegheny River and Clarion River, but were believed to be extirpated (no longer present in the state).
		Paddlefish were recently reintroduced by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission into their historical habitats in the Ohio and Allegheny rivers, in an effort to reestablish a secure, breeding population.
	sites.state.pa.us /PA_Exec/Fish_Boat/pafish/fishhtms/chap6.htm (528 words)

	Paddlefish - Discover The Outdoors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Paddlefish are easily identified, because of the broad, flat, bill-like snout, which can be almost half the length of their body.
		Paddlefish tend to stay in shallow water or near the surface in the downstream side of islands or sandbars.
		Paddlefish are sought by anglers, for their good tasting white meat and for their eggs that make excellent caviar.
	www.dto.com /fwfishing/species/generalprofile.jsp?speciesid=323 (482 words)

	Researchers ready to find paddlefish in Allegheny and Ohio rivers - Pittsburgh Tribune-Review
		Paddlefish -- notable for the bill-like rostrum on the front of their face -- are filter feeders, straining plankton as small as the tip of a pencil from the water.
		It's stocked 95,000 paddlefish -- an average of 6,800 a year -- in that time, putting them in the 40 miles of the Ohio that fall within the state's borders and in the 37 miles of the lower Allegheny.
		Paddlefish, which exist in catchable numbers throughout most of the Midwest, are caught by blind snagging, Lorson said.
	pittsburghlive.com /x/tribune-review/sports/outdoors/s_331885.html (594 words)

	Paddle Fish Proposal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Paddlefish became commercially important around the turn of the century, due in part to the decline of lake sturgeon populations, and became an important recreational species after fish began concentrating below dams (Carlson and Bonislawsky 1981).
		Paddlefish growth rates are greater in reservoirs than riverine systems due to increased food availability, and populations flourish in reservoirs with available natural spawning habitat (Marzolf 1990, Pflieger 1975, Houser and Bross 1959).
		Paddlefish stocking was initiated in Lake Francis Case (i.e., mainstem Missouri River reservoir in South Dakota; Figure 1) during 1974 to augment the decline of the paddlefish population in this reservoir.
	mountain-prairie.fws.gov /greatplains/proposal_pah.htm (2132 words)

	Paddlefish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		One of the primary reasons for the decline in paddlefish populations since the turn of the century is the loss of spawning and rearing habitat due to environmental alteration.
		Paddlefish fingerlings are now reared both intensively (raceways and circular tanks) and extensively (ponds) and techniques have been developed to train paddlefish to accept commercial diets.
		Because of reduced demand for paddlefish flesh and caviar over the last several decades, commercial catches are but a fraction of what they were in the early 1900's; however, since the 1980's, demand for caviar has increased and pressures are once again being placed on paddlefish.
	wwwaux.cerc.cr.usgs.gov /MICRA/PADDLEFI.HTM (829 words)

	Paddlefish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Paddlefish are found throughout the Missouri and Mississippi river basins which drain most of the central United States.
		With a fish like paddlefish that matures at an old age, has a record of reproduction problems, and is not really seen often until it is large and on its upstream migration, we need to be watching constantly for signs of over-harvest.
		Adult paddlefish can live without a paddle, but there is some evidence that those fish which have lost their paddles feed less efficiently and are thinner than those with their paddles intact.
	www.fisheries.org /AFSmontana/SSCpages/Paddlefish.htm (1951 words)

	In Pursuit Of Paddlefish
		The paddlefish skeleton is cartilage, except for a small amount of bone in the jaw.
		Paddlefish do not spawn until they are relatively old--about 8 for males and 10 for females.
		Where paddlefish populations are stable, fishing may be legal, though the season and bag limit are restricted.
	www.in-fisherman.com /magazine/exclusives/if0403_Paddlefish (702 words)

	Paddlefish
		Because the young paddlefish are too elusive to find and count, biologists at Fort Peck have been unable to solve the mystery of their population status.
		Biologists found that when young paddlefish rushed to escape an approaching boat, their anatomy propelled them to the surface where they could be counted or captured with long-handled dip nets.
		Although their understanding of the paddlefish in Fort Peck is far from complete, biologists now know that reproductive success varies greatly among the years, and that the difference could be a result of the species’ specific requirements for spawning.
	fwp.state.mt.us /mtoutdoors/HTML/Articles/2002/Paddlefish.htm (2020 words)

	WWF \| Southeast Rivers and Streams \| American Paddlefish
		One of only two paddlefish in the world, the American paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) was first thought to be a member of the shark family.
		Paddlefish are filter feeders that primarily eat plankton.
		The paddlefish swim through the water with their mouths wide open, straining the plankton from the water, much like some whales do.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildplaces/sers/species/species2.cfm (182 words)

	paddlefish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Since paddlefish have no teeth, they eat by swimming through the water with their mouth wide open, scooping up tiny plants and animals in the water called plankton.
		Paddlefish like to live in slow moving water of large rivers or reservoirs, usually in waters deeper than four feet.
		Paddlefish were first discovered in the 16th century by Hernando De Soto while he was exploring the Mississippi River.
	explore.tpwd.state.tx.us /piney/etc/etc2000/etcmd/mdadv1.html (377 words)

	Paddlefish (Polydon spathula)
		Paddlefish have a gray, shark-like body with a deeply forked tail, and a long, flat blade-like snout (looks like a kitchen spatula) almost one third of its body's entire length.
		Paddlefish are sometimes called a spoonbill, spoonbill cat, or shovelnose cat because some have mistaken the paddlefish as a member of the Catfish family.
		Paddlefish seldom bite a baited hook, but on occasion are "snagged" accidentally by anglers using treble hooks.
	www.tpwd.state.tx.us /huntwild/wild/species/index.phtml?o=pad&print=true (615 words)

	Rare paddlefish caught in Ohio River - Pittsburgh Tribune-Review
		Paddlefish are native to the Allegheny and Ohio River drainages, but disappeared from the state in 1919.
		The paddlefish captured Monday was probably eight or nine years old, judging by its size, Argent said.
		A third paddlefish, about the size of the first one, was accidentally snagged by an angler near Highland Park last Sunday, said Rick Lorson, the commission's area 8 fisheries biologist.
	pittsburghlive.com /x/tribune-review/sports/outdoors/s_336951.html (796 words)

	Minnesota Paddlefish -- Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
		Paddlefish prefer the open water of large rivers and riverine lakes (Lake Pepin and Lake St.Croix are examples) that are deep and wide.
		Paddlefish are heavily parasitized by lampreys (causing injury by attaching themselves to and feeding off the paddlefish).
		In the late 1800s and early 1900s, paddlefish were commercially fished for their meat and caviar (fish eggs).
	www.pca.state.mn.us /kids/fish/paddlefish.html (449 words)

	Paddlefish
		Paddlefish -- so called because of their long paddle-shaped nose -- haven't been seen in Pennsylvania waters since 1919.
		He says paddlefish, which are native to most of the Mississippi River Basin, haven't lived on their own in Pennsylvania for over 80 years.
		But Kimmel says, in the dozen or so trips researchers have made in Pennsylvania, paddlefish are the one endangered species that hasn't wound up in their nets.
	www.greenworks.tv /radio/todaystory/20020604.htm (871 words)

	Paddlefish on NMSIN
		Paddlefish aren't interested in any kind of lure or bait that can be put on a hook.
		Paddlefish are long-lived; 20-year-olds are common, and some live 30 years or more.
		The Conservation Department rears paddlefish artificially in hatcheries to maintain the population.
	www.mosportsmen.com /fishing/paddle.htm (2407 words)

	paddlefish. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The snout may be a third of the length of the body; it is equipped with sense organs that assist the fish in finding its prey of small crustaceans, which it strains out with gill rakers (see gill).
		Valued as food fish, their greenish fl eggs, like the more highly valued ones of the distantly related sturgeon, are used to make caviar.
		Paddlefishes are classified in the phylum Chordata, subphylum Vertebrata, class Osteichthyes, order Acipenseriformes, family Polyodontidae.
	www.bartleby.com /65/pa/paddlefi.html (209 words)

	Paddlefish Detailed Information - Montana Animal Field Guide
		Paddlefish are readily identified by the long paddle-like snout, long, tapered gill covers, and the "backbone" bent up into the upper lobe of the tail fin.
		Adult paddlefish can live without a paddle, but there is some evidence that the fish that have lost their paddles feed less efficiently and are thinner than those with their paddles intact (AFS website 2003).
		Paddlefish spawn effectively in the Yellowstone River because the free-flowing, naturally fluctuating river provides good spawning habitat for them: a combination of high water, the right temperature and a good substrate of clean cobble, gravel and sand.
	fwp.state.mt.us /fieldguide/detail_AFCAB01010.aspx (1372 words)

	The PADDLEFISH Homepage
		Paddlefish have adapted remarkably to their environment since they were introduced into the Yellowstone River in 1963.
		Paddlefish skin is tough, smooth and scaleless except for the upper portion of its tail.
		Glendive is considered the "Paddlefish Capitol of the World" and draws over 3,000 anglers annually to this short stretch of the Yellowstone River.
	www.glendivechamber.com /pfish.htm (669 words)

	A Plea For The Nomadic Paddlefish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		In light of this thievery, a number of federal and state hatcheries are trying to replenish the paddlefish in its native waters.
		Paddlefish populations in the upper Missouri River have benefited from Gavins Point National Fish Hatchery, working with state fish biologists from South Dakota and Nebraska.
		Swimming 200 miles in a month is not unheard of, and over the course of the fish's 30-year life span, they can cross those artificial boundaries that lay over their large range a number of times.
	www.flmnh.ufl.edu /fish/InNews/paddle2004.html (747 words)

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