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Topic: Paddy Roy Bates

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Sealand

Principality of Sealand

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Radio Caroline

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Michael Bates

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	Sealand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1968, Michael Bates was summoned to court as a result of an incident during which shots were fired at a British navy vessel in the vicinity of Sealand.
		That when Paddy Roy Bates and his associates occupied Roughs Tower in 1967 it was located in international waters, outside the jurisdiction of the United Kingdom and all other sovereign states.
		Roy Bates is styled "Sovereign", and Joan Bates is sometimes described as being "in joint rule" with him.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/S/Sealand.htm (3008 words)

	The Principality of Sealand
		Roy Bates, henceforth Roy of Sealand, exerted state authority on the island and thus was an absolute sovereign.
		Since Roy of Sealand was still an English citizen, he was thus accused of extensive crimes in Britain and was summoned to an English court.
		Roy first released the Dutch citizens, as the war was over, and the Geneva Convention requires the release of all prisoners.
	www.sealandgov.com /history.html (1644 words)

	Paddy Roy Bates -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Bates served in the (Click link for more info and facts about British Army) British Army, rising to the rank of Major.
		The radio station never began broadcasting from the new location, but Bates nonetheless decided to stay, and proclaimed Roughs Tower to be the (Click link for more info and facts about Principality of Sealand) Principality of Sealand in 1967.
		In a subsequent case brought before a local court in (Click link for more info and facts about Chelmsford) Chelmsford, (A county in southeastern England on the North Sea and the Thames estuary) Essex, it was ruled that the offense had occurred outside of the jurisdiction of that court.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/pa/paddy_roy_bates.htm (575 words)

	Paddy Roy Bates
		Paddy Roy Bates, also known as Roy of Sealand, is a former British pirate radio broadcaster now best known for founding the self-proclaimed micronation of Sealand.
		The radio station never began broadcasting from the new location, but Bates nonetheless decided to stay, and proclaimed Roughs Tower to be The Independent Kingdom of Sealand in 1967.
		Bates and his wife no longer live on Sealand, having left the day-to-day operation to their son.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/p/pa/paddy_roy_bates.html (343 words)

	New Country, New Danger - FT098
		The first third of the book deals with the day-to-day practicalities of setting up an independent country; the remainder looks at many of the ways in which is has already been achieved.
		He once had a brief war with Germany, after some German businessmen attempted to seize the platform; most were released after Bates regained control, but their ringleader was imprisoned and charged with treason, as he had taken out Sealand citizenship.
		Bates requested that the German government pay a fee of 75,000 DM for his release, but eventually let him go anyway.
	www.forteantimes.com /articles/098_howto.shtml (304 words)

	Citizens Required
		In 1967 former English major Paddy Roy Bates, over a few beers with his lawyer, realised the fort would make an ideal location for a pirate radio station, so he occupied the fort and settled there with his family, proclaiming his own state: Sealand.
		Having tried and failed to force him off his patch, they arrested Roy while he was on UK mainland and summoned him to court in Chelmsford.
		Roy quickly gathered allies and recaptured his country, holding the attackers as prisoners of war.
	www.citizensrequired.com /unit/ga_sealand/sealand.shtml (675 words)

	Frinton to Walton : Nik Rawlinson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		One such tower was Fort Knock John, and it was this that one-time British major Paddy Roy Bates selected as a base for setting up a local radio station, having visited several such constructions around the coast and Thames Estuary.
		Bates conducted his own defence and claimed that the British legal system had no jurisdiction over his activities since Fort Knock was outside of British territory.
		Bates returned to his Principality and has defended it ever since, once warding off British Customs officers by firing at their vessel.
	www.nik.co.uk /weblog/archives/002047.php (1393 words)

	'Prince' of Sea Fortress Claims Sovereignty -- 07/28/2000
		But, in what Roy described as "a spectacular success for Sealand's claim to sovereignty," the court ruled that the tower was outside UK territorial waters and not subject to its legal jurisdiction.
		It turns out Roy had a falling out in 1978 with a German lawyer, Gernot Putz - the earlier recipient of a Sealand passport - who together with a group of Dutchmen arrived at Sealand while Roy was away, seized control, and took Roy's son, Michael, prisoner.
		The incident presented Roy with yet further ammunition in his claims to sovereignty: When Germany and the Netherlands protested to Britain, it was told Sealand was outside UK jurisdiction.
	www.cnsnews.com /ViewPrint.asp?Page=\ForeignBureaus\archive\200007\For20000728b.html (1082 words)

	R E A L T I M E (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		On September 2, 1967 Ex-Major Paddy Roy Bates decided to occupy an ex-World War II military sea fort just off the East Coast of England and have it declared a separate nation state.
		Thirty seven years later Prince Roy, as he proclaimed himself, has handed over the throne to his son Michael and managed to gain de facto recognition of its sovereignty from a number of European countries.
		While Roy Bates’ experience has been perhaps the best known (he’s fought off invaders from Germany and landed himself in a court case for fighting against the British navy—and won), his Sealand functions like many other micronations in that it has its own constitution, issues its own currency and provides its own passport.
	www.realtimearts.net /rt61/kessler_sonar.html (1111 words)

	[ Integrated mar.com ] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		On September 2 1967, former English major Paddy Roy Bates formally occupied the island/platform and settled there with his family.
		After "intensive discussions with skillful English lawyers", Roy Bates proclaimed the island his own state — and actually fired on the English Navy in 1968, when they dared question his claim.
		Another pitfall, Lackey said, was the Bates' family's assertion that if asked, it would turn over any requested customer information that would help fight the war on terror.
	www.integratedmar.com /eclprinter.cfm?item=DLY080703-01 (641 words)

	Merzhase: Politics Archives
		The Principality of Sealand is a micronation situated on a pontoon called Rough Towers six miles off the coast of southeast England.
		Sealand is squatted by the family of Paddy Roy Bates and their associates since 1967.
		Paddy Roy Bates, the Roy of Sealand, a former pirate-radio broadcaster, major and fisherman cites this case as an evidence of sovereignty.
	www.merzhase.de /archives/cat_politics.html (497 words)

	Judgement
		Count 4 is laid as contrary to Section 22 of the Firearms Act, 1937, "Michael Roy Bates on the 6th May, 1968 at Roughs Tower within the jurisdiction of Essex Assizes had in his possession a.22 pistol and ammunition with intent by means thereof to endanger life."
		The evidence led for the Prosecution, summarized shortly, was to the effect that while Trinity House men were attending to a buoy north west of the artificial erection called Roughs Tower: shots were fired in their direction be the second accused from a.22 pistol belonging to his father, the first accused.
		Bates, his wife and two children live there is not gone into, but Bates calls it, somewhat euphemistically "Sealand".
	www.seanhastings.com /havenco/sealand/judgement.html (1588 words)

	Encyclopedia: Paddy Roy Bates
		1922) is a former British pirate radio broadcaster and founder of a self-proclaimed Principality of Sealand, styling himself H.R.H. Prince Roy, The Prince of Sealand.
		Radio Caroline is a European radio station that originally commenced transmissions as an offshore radio station broadcasting from a ship anchored off the coast of South East England in international waters.
		A Data Haven is a place where data is supposed to be secure at all times.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Paddy-Roy-Bates (947 words)

	The Bargewright Inn: The Country Where I Most Want To Be...
		This gave birth to Sealand's national motto of E Mare Libertas, or "From the Sea, Freedom".
		Claiming jus gentium, he bestowed upon himself the title of Prince and the title of Princess to his wife and subsequently made the state the Principality of Sealand.
		On 25 September 1975, Roy of Sealand proclaimed the Constitution of the Principality.
	tundraclown.blogspot.com /2005/07/country-where-i-most-want-to-be.html (770 words)

	Sealand (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It's placed 7 miles off the seaport of Harwich, not far from London, and it's purpose was to defend the capital city from the air raids (see the map on the left).
		1967, the platform was occupied by Paddy Roy Bates, a former Eglish officer, and he declared it a "free and independent state".
		The English government tried to retake it, but the first time failed because Bates defended it with a small cannon, and then it had to give up because the court of Essex stated that the platform was in the international waters and therefore didn't belong to England.
	www.targheitaliane.it /mondo/sealand/sealand.html (308 words)

	Me Three
		Bates claims that Sealand was founded on the principle that any group of people dissatisfied with the oppressive laws and restrictions of existing nation states may declare independence in any place not under the jurisdiction of another sovereign entity.
		Units of the British Navy entered the territorial waters claimed by Roy of Sealand, and in defense of his sovereignty, Roy of Sealand threatened the Navy by firing warning shots at the repair buoys.
		Since Roy of Sealand was technically still an English citizen, he was accused of extensive crimes in Britain and called to an English court.
	www.methree.net /archives/November/marshallsealand.html (552 words)

	Cabinet Magazine Online - New Foundlands
		Founded by a former “pirate” radio operator, Paddy Roy Bates, Sealand is situated on an abandoned World War II anti-aircraft tower, seven miles off the British coast.
		The first step in gaining international recognition came in 1968 when Roy’s son, the Prince Regent Michael, was ordered to a British court for firing his rifle at a Royal Navy vessel that had come too close to the platform (he claimed they were planning an invasion).
		Eventually Germany was forced to send a diplomat to Sealand to negotiate with the Sealand monarch, allowing a delighted Prince Roy to claim that this official visit amounted to de facto recognition by the German government (the German government strongly denied this).
	www.cabinetmagazine.org /issues/18/newfoundlands.php (2974 words)

	HavenCo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		HavenCo is best known for establishing a secure colocation facility on an artificial fortress which was called Roughs Tower constructed by the UK military in the North Sea during World War II.
		After the war the tower was abandoned by the British, and was later occupied by Paddy Roy Bates, who called it Sealand and claimed it to be an independent principality.
		Sealand has not been formally recognized by any government in the world, but has been largely left alone by neighboring countries, and the legal status of Sealand continues to be under debate.
	www.yotor.com /wiki/en/ha/HavenCo.htm (416 words)

	As a gateway to Asia, the Hong Kong International Airport is on
		In 1966 the fortress was re-discovered by former English major Paddy Roy Bates, who eventually restored and occupied the island with his family.
		After obtaining legal counsel, Roy Bates declared that the island constituted a sovereign state.
		The fortress of Rough’s Tower was renamed the Principality of Sealand and Bates called himself Prince Roy while naming wife Princess Joan.
	seastead.org /localres/floating-utopias/floating-utopias.html (6237 words)

	SEALAND
		In September 1967, British Army Major Paddy Roy Bates occupied the structure and declared it the sovereign nation of SeaLand.
		Over the years, Bates has poured millions of his own money into Sealand and has written a constitution, composed a national anthem, created stamps, minted coins, and issued passports.
		During the summer of 2000, Sean Hastings, Ryan Lackey, Prince Roy’s son, Michael of Sealand, and others started HavenCo, Inc., a high tech company which “is fully operational, offering the world's most secure managed servers in the world's only true free market environment, the Principality of Sealand.
	www.sprick.net /TalkinTech/SEALAND.htm (557 words)

	BBC News \| UK \| Offshore and offline?
		In 1967, retired Army major Paddy Roy Bates took over the platform, called it Sealand and declared himself monarch.
		Since then, Mr Bates has been trying to have Sealand recognised as an independent nation.
		But his plans were dealt a blow in 1987 when the UK extended its territorial waters from 3 to 12 miles.
	news.bbc.co.uk /low/english/uk/newsid_778000/778267.stm (578 words)

	O, Sealand!
		One, however, called Roughs Tower, was left standing and on Spetember 2nd, 1967, former English major, Paddy Roy Bates, "formally occupied" the island and settled there with his family.
		This caused quite a stir with British authorities and Prince Roy, who was still and English citizen, was summoned to court for crimes against his country.
		Sealand is ruled by Prince Paddy Roy Bates and his wife, Princess Joan.
	members.cox.net /abnormallyaverage/sealand.htm (587 words)

	[No title]
		For example, in 1966 Englishman Paddy Roy Bates and his wife Joan founded the nation of "Sealand" atop an abandoned WWII anti-aircraft platform seven miles off the English coast.
		In the guise of "Prince Roy and Princess Joan of Sealand" they have minted coins, issued stamps and passports, and generally made themselves a nuisance to the motherland.
		Apart from one incident (in which a consortium of German businessmen briefly seized the tower by force, only to be ousted in turn by the forces of good in the form of Prince Roy & his pals), Sealand's sovereignty has not been seriously challenged.
	www.deuceofclubs.com /p/island.htm (1669 words)

	My Body is an Independent Nation
		Even before Crispin Sartwell became independent, former British Royal Fusilier Paddy Roy Bates had landed on an abandoned World War II antiaircraft platform six miles off the coast of Britain and declared all 6200 square yards of it to be the Principality of Sealand.
		Ever since Sealand's independence in 1967, Prince Roy and his wife, the former model Princess Joan, have been trying to figure out what the heck to do with their principality.
		There have been coups and invasions and perhaps a bit of money-laundering and illlegal arms dealing: all in all an exciting history.
	www.crispinsartwell.com /unpub/sealand.htm (1050 words)

	Kerckhoff Coffeehouse: 12/05/2004 - 12/11/2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1966, Paddy Roy Bates and his family occupied an abandoned military platform in the North Sea six miles off the eastern coast of Britain.
		In 1968, Michael Bates, son of Prince Roy and the heir apparent, fired upon a British navy vessel that sailed into Sealand’s territorial waters.
		What matters is that Master Bates was summoned to court over the incident and the court ruled that Sealand was outside British jurisdiction.
	kerckhoff.blogspot.com /2004_12_05_kerckhoff_archive.html (3415 words)

	Buying Abroad from Channel4.com/4homes
		A few years before Oliver’s ill-fated attempt, British Major Paddy Roy Bates, acquired ‘Rough’s Tower’ a WW2 platform in the North Sea.
		Fantastically, Bates declared himself Crown Prince of the ‘Principality of Sealand’ and proceeded to mint coins, compose laws and in an unquestionable masterstroke, even created vehicle licence plates, even though the platform was just 6000 ft² - a smidgen smaller than your local football pitch.
		Bearing in mind the need to defend yourself against would-be conquerors, not to mention the millions that you’d have to pay lawyers to continually defend your status as an independent state, maybe sovereignty is not the perfect solution, but there is an alternative.
	www.channel4.com /4homes/buyingabroad/features/private_islands.html (519 words)

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